Kamar yadda kowa ya sani, ana iya raba janareta zuwa na'urorin DC da na AC.A halin yanzu, alternator ana amfani da shi sosai, haka ma samar da ruwa.Amma a farkon shekarun, injinan wutar lantarki na DC sun mamaye kasuwar gaba daya, to ta yaya injinan AC suka mamaye kasuwar?Menene alaƙa tsakanin masu samar da ruwa a nan?Wannan game da yakin AC da DC da kuma injin samar da wutar lantarki na 5000hp na tashar wutar lantarki ta Adams a Niagara Falls.
Kafin gabatar da janareta na Niagara Falls, dole ne mu fara da yaƙin AC / DC mai mahimmanci a cikin tarihin haɓakar lantarki.
Edison sanannen mai ƙirƙira ɗan Amurka ne.An haife shi cikin talauci kuma ba shi da ilimin boko.Koyaya, ya sami kusan haƙƙin ƙirƙira 1300 a cikin rayuwarsa ta hanyar dogaro da hazakarsa na ban mamaki da ruhin gwagwarmayar sa.A ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1879, ya nemi ƙera haƙƙin ƙirƙira na fitilar filament na fitilar wuta (Lamba 22898);A cikin 1882, ya kafa kamfanin Edison na fitilar lantarki don samar da fitulun fitulu da masu samar da wutar lantarki na DC.A cikin wannan shekarar, ya gina babbar tashar wutar lantarki ta farko a duniya a birnin New York.Ya sayar da kwararan fitila sama da 200000 a cikin shekaru uku kuma ya mamaye kasuwar gaba daya.Edison's DC janareta kuma suna sayar da kyau a cikin nahiyar Amurka.
A cikin 1885, lokacin da Edison ke kan kololuwar sa, steinhouse na Amurka ya lura da sabon tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na AC.A shekara ta 1885, Westinghouse ta sayi patent akan tsarin hasken AC da na'urar wuta da gaulard da Gibbs suka yi amfani da su a Amurka a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 1884 (US Patent No. n0.297924).A cikin 1886, Westinghouse da Stanley (W. Stanley, 1856-1927) sun yi nasarar haɓaka AC guda ɗaya zuwa 3000V tare da na'urar lantarki a Great Barrington, Massachusetts, Amurka, suna watsa 4000ft, sannan rage ƙarfin lantarki zuwa 500V.Ba da daɗewa ba, Westinghouse ya yi kuma ya sayar da tsarin hasken AC da yawa.A cikin 1888, Westinghouse ya sayi haƙƙin mallaka na Tesla, “masanin lantarki”, akan motar AC, kuma ya ɗauki Tesla aiki a Westinghouse.Ya himmatu wajen haɓaka injin AC da haɓaka aikace-aikacen injin AC, kuma ya sami nasara.Nasarorin da aka samu na Westinghouse a cikin haɓaka alternating current sun jawo kishi na Edison wanda ba a iya cin nasara ba da sauransu.Edison, HP Brown da sauransu sun buga labarai a jaridu da mujallu, sun yi amfani da damar da jama'a suka ji tsoron wutar lantarki a wancan lokacin, ba tare da son rai ba suna bayyana haɗarin alternating current, suna da'awar cewa "dukkan rayuwa kusa da alternating current conductor ba zai iya rayuwa ba" Cewa babu mai rai. ƙirƙirar zai iya tsira a cikin haɗarin conductors ɗauke da madadin halin yanzu A cikin labarinsa, ya kai hari ga amfani da AC a ƙoƙarin shaƙewa AC a ƙuruciyarsa.Fuskantar harin Edison da sauransu, Westinghouse da sauransu kuma sun rubuta labarai don kare AC.a sakamakon muhawarar, a hankali bangaren AC ya yi nasara.Bangaren DC bai yarda ya yi rashin nasara ba, HP Brown (lokacin da ya kasance mataimaki na dakin gwaje-gwaje na Edison) Ya kuma karfafawa tare da goyan bayan majalisar dokokin jihar don zartar da hukuncin kisa ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki, kuma a cikin Mayu 1889, ya sayi masu maye gurbin uku da aka samar. by Westinghouse kuma ya sayar da su ga gidan yari a matsayin samar da wutar lantarki ga kujerar lantarki.A gaban mutane da yawa, alternating current shine ainihin Allahn mutuwa.A lokaci guda kuma, Majalisar Jama'a a gefen Edison ta haifar da ra'ayin jama'a: "Kujerar lantarki ita ce hujjar cewa canjin wutar lantarki yana sa mutane su mutu cikin sauƙi.A cikin martani, Westinghouse ta gudanar da taron manema labarai na tat.Tesla da kansa ya ɗaure wayoyi a duk faɗin jikinsa kuma ya haɗa su da igiyoyin kwararan fitila.Lokacin da aka kunna madaidaicin wutar lantarki, hasken lantarki ya kasance mai haske, amma Tesla yana da lafiya.A karkashin mummunan yanayi na gazawar ra'ayin jama'a, bangaren DC ya yi ƙoƙari ya kashe alternating current bisa doka.
A cikin bazara na 890, wasu 'yan majalisa a Virginia sun ba da shawara kan "kariya daga hadarin wutar lantarki" A farkon watan Afrilu, majalisar ta kafa wani alkali don gudanar da sauraren karar.Edison da Morton, babban manajan kamfanin, da LB Stillwell, injiniyan Westinghouse (1863-1941) Kuma lauya mai kare h.Levis sun halarci zaman.Zuwan shahararren Edison ya toshe zauren majalisar.Edison ya ce cikin jin dadi a yayin sauraren karar: “kai tsaye kamar” kogin da ke gudana cikin lumana zuwa teku “, kuma madaidaicin ruwa kamar” kwararowar tsaunuka suna zagaya duwatsu da karfi” (koguwar da ke tafiya da karfi a kan wani tsauni)” Morton kuma ya yi iya kokarinsa don suka kai wa AC hari, amma shaidarsu ba ta da ma'ana kuma ba ta da tabbas, wanda hakan ya sa masu sauraro da alkalai suka fada cikin hazo.Shaidu daga Westinghouse da kamfanonin hasken wutar lantarki da yawa sun musanta hujjar cewa AC yana da haɗari sosai tare da taƙaitaccen harshe na fasaha da kuma aikin fitilun lantarki na 3000V da suka yi amfani da su sosai.A karshe dai alkalan kotun sun zartas da wani kuduri bayan mahawara Bayan nan ba da jimawa ba jihohin Virginia da Ohio da sauran jihohin sun musanta irin wannan kuduri.Tun daga wannan lokacin, AC ya sami karbuwa a hankali a cikin mutane, kuma Westinghouse yana da girma a cikin yakin sadarwa (misali, a cikin 1893, ya yarda da kwangilar oda don 250000 kwararan fitila a Chicago Fair) Edison Electric Light Company, wanda ya kasance. An ci nasara a yakin AC / DC, an yi watsi da shi kuma ba zai dawwama ba.Dole ne ya haɗu da kamfanin Thomson Houston a 1892 don kafa kamfanin lantarki na gaba (GE) Da zarar an kafa kamfanin, ya watsar da ra'ayin Edison na adawa da haɓaka kayan aikin AC, ya gaji aikin kera kayan AC na asali Thomson Houston. kamfanin, kuma da ƙarfi inganta ci gaban AC kayan aiki.
Abin da ke sama muhimmin yaƙi ne tsakanin AC da DC a cikin tarihin ci gaban mota.A karshe dai takaddamar ta karkare cewa cutar da AC ba ta da hadari kamar yadda magoya bayan DC suka ce.Bayan wannan ƙudiri, alternator ya fara shiga cikin bazara na ci gaba, kuma an fara fahimtar halayensa da fa'idodinsa kuma a hankali mutane sun yarda da su.Wannan kuma ya kasance daga baya a Niagara Falls Daga cikin masu samar da ruwa a tashar samar da wutar lantarki, mai canza wutar lantarki shine dalilin sake yin nasara.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba 11-2021
