1. Menene gyare-gyare guda shida da abubuwan daidaitawa a cikin shigarwa na inji?Yadda za a gane da yarda sabawa electromechanical shigarwa kayan aiki?
Amsa: Abubuwa:
1) Jirgin yana tsaye, a kwance kuma a tsaye.2) Zagaye na cylindrical surface kanta, matsakaicin matsayi da tsakiyar juna.3) M, kwance, tsaye da matsayi na tsakiya na shaft.4) Matsayin sashi a kan jirgin sama a kwance.5) Hawan (dagawa) na bangare.6) Rata tsakanin saman da saman, da dai sauransu.
Don ƙayyade bacewar izini don shigar da kayan aikin lantarki, amincin aikin naúrar da sauƙi na shigarwa dole ne a yi la'akari da shi.Idan bambancin shigarwa da aka yarda ya yi kadan, aikin gyaran gyare-gyare da gyaran gyare-gyare zai zama mai rikitarwa, kuma ya kamata a tsawaita lokacin gyarawa da daidaitawa;Dole ne a ƙayyade ɓarna da aka yarda da shigarwa Idan ya yi girma sosai, zai rage daidaiton shigarwa na sashin makarantar da aminci da amincin aiki, kuma kai tsaye ya shafi samar da wutar lantarki na yau da kullun.
2. Me yasa za'a iya kawar da kuskuren mitar matakin murabba'in kanta ta hanyar juya ma'aunin kai?
Amsa: Idan aka ɗauka cewa ƙarshen mitar matakin shine A kuma ɗayan ƙarshen shine B, kuskuren kansa yana haifar da kumfa don matsawa zuwa ƙarshen A (a hagu) adadin grid shine m.Lokacin amfani da wannan matakin don auna matakin ɓangaren, kuskuren matakin da kansa yana haifar da kumfa don ƙare A (A hagu) motsa grid m, bayan juyawa, kuskuren da ke ciki yana sa kumfa har yanzu yana motsa adadin grids iri ɗaya. don ƙare A (a yanzu), a cikin kishiyar shugabanci, wanda shine -m, sannan a yi amfani da dabarar δ=(A1+A2)/2* A cikin lissafin C * D, kuskuren ciki yana haifar da adadin sel zuwa matsar da kumfa don soke juna, wanda ba shi da wani tasiri a kan adadin ƙwayoyin da kumfa ke motsawa saboda sassan ba su da kyau, don haka kawar da tasirin kuskuren na'urar akan ma'aunin.
3. A taƙaice kwatanta abubuwan gyara da daidaitawa da hanyoyin shigar da daftarin bututu?
Hanyar Amsa: Da farko, sanya alamar X, -X, Y, -Y matsayi a kan bakin babba na rufin, shigar da firam ɗin ɗagawa a wurin da simintin rami ya fi girma fiye da radius na waje na zoben wurin zama, kuma matsar da layin tsakiya da hawan naúrar zuwa ɗagawa A tsakiyar firam ɗin, layin piano na X-axis da Y-axis suna rataye a kan jirgin sama na tsaye daidai da firam ɗin ɗagawa da gatura X da Y.Layukan piano guda biyu suna da ɗan bambanci tsayi.Bayan an gina cibiyar hawan da kuma sake duba, za a gudanar da wurin da aka rufe.Aunawa da daidaitawa.Rataya guduma masu nauyi huɗu a wurin da layin piano ya daidaita tare da alamar bututun saman na rufin, daidaita jack da shimfiɗa don titin guduma mai nauyi ya daidaita da alamar bututun saman, a wannan lokacin. tsakiyar bututun ƙarfe na sama na rufin da tsakiyar naúrar Haɗa kai.Sannan yi amfani da mai sarrafa karfe don auna nisa daga mafi ƙasƙanci na bututun ƙarfe zuwa layin piano.Yi amfani da layin piano don saita tsayin da kuma cire nisa don samun ainihin tsayin bututun mai rufi.A cikin kewayon karkatacciyar hanya.
4. Yadda za a gudanar da pre-installing da kuma sanyawa na kasa zobe da kuma saman murfin?
Amsa: Da farko, rataya zoben ƙasa a kan ƙananan jirgin saman zoben wurin zama.Dangane da ratar da ke tsakanin zoben ƙasa da rami na biyu na zoben wurin zama, yi amfani da faranti don daidaita tsakiyar zobe na ƙasa da farko, sa'an nan kuma rataya a cikin rabin faifan jagorar motsi daidai gwargwadon lamba.Vane jagora yana jujjuyawa cikin sassauƙa kuma ana iya karkatar da shi zuwa kewaye, in ba haka ba, za a sarrafa diamita mai ɗaukar hoto, sannan za a dakatar da murfin saman da hannun riga.Ana amfani da tsakiyar ƙayyadaddun zobe mai hana ruwa da ke ƙasa azaman ma'auni, rataya tsakiyar layin injin injin, auna tsakiya da zagaye na ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun zobe na sama, da daidaita matsayin tsakiyar murfin saman. don haka bambanci tsakanin kowane radius da matsakaita kada ya wuce rata na ƙira na zobe mai yuwuwa ± 10%, bayan an kammala daidaitawar murfin saman, ƙara ƙwanƙwasa haɗaɗɗen murfin saman da zoben wurin zama.Sa'an nan kuma auna kuma daidaita coaxial na zobe na ƙasa da murfin saman, sannan a ƙarshe daidaita zoben ƙasa kawai bisa murfin saman, yi amfani da farantin fata don yanke ratar da ke tsakanin zoben ƙasa da rami na uku na zoben wurin zama, kuma daidaita motsi na radial na zobe na kasa.Yi amfani da jacks 4 don daidaita motsin axial, auna sharewa tsakanin babba da ƙananan ƙofofin jagorar vane don yin △ babba ≈ △ ƙarami, kuma auna madaidaicin tsakanin bushing vane jagora da jarida don sanya shi cikin yarda. iyaka.Sa'an nan kuma zazzage ramukan fil don murfin saman da zobe na ƙasa bisa ga zane-zane, kuma murfin saman da zoben ƙasa an riga an haɗa su.
5. Bayan an ɗaga ɓangaren jujjuyawar injin turbine a cikin rami, ta yaya za a daidaita shi?
Amsa: Da farko daidaita wurin tsakiya, daidaita tazarar da ke tsakanin ƙaramin o-ring mai juyawa da rami na huɗu na zoben wurin zama, ɗaga ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadadden zoben o-leak na ƙasa, tuƙi a cikin fil ɗin, ƙara maƙallan haɗin kai tsaye, sannan auna madaidaicin. ƙasan juyawa tasha tare da ma'aunin ji.Tazarar da ke tsakanin zoben ɗigo da ƙananan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ɗigo, bisa ga ainihin gibin da aka auna, yi amfani da jack don daidaita matsayin tsakiya na mai gudu, kuma yi amfani da alamar bugun kira don saka idanu akan daidaitawa.Sa'an nan daidaita matakin, sanya matakin a kan X, -X, Y, da kuma -Y hudu matsayi na flange surface na turbine main shaft, sa'an nan daidaita wedge farantin karkashin mai gudu don sa flange surface sabawa sabawa a cikin m iyaka.
6. Menene hanyoyin shigarwa gabaɗaya bayan an ɗaga na'urar injin injin injin da aka dakatar?
Amsa: 1) Zuba tushe kashi II kankare;2) Hoisting na babba frame;3) Ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa;4) Daidaita axis janareta;5) Main shaft dangane 6) Daidaita axis naúrar;7) Ƙaddamar da Ƙarfin Ƙarfi;8) gyara tsakiyar ɓangaren juyi;9) shigar da jagoran jagora;10) shigar da exciter da na'urar maganadisu na dindindin;11) shigar da wasu kayan haɗi;
7. Bayyana hanyar shigarwa da matakai na tayal jagorar ruwa.
Amsa: Hanyar shigarwa 1) Daidaita matsayi na shigarwa bisa ga ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ruwa, ƙuƙwalwar axis na naúrar da matsayi na babban shaft;2) Shigar da takalmin jagorar ruwa daidai gwargwado bisa ga buƙatun ƙira;3) Ƙayyade gyarawar sakewa Bayan haka, yi amfani da jacks ko faranti don daidaitawa;
8. A taƙaice bayyana haɗari da maganin shaft current.
Amsa: Hazard: Saboda kasancewar shaft current, akwai ɗan ƙaramin zaizayar ƙasa tsakanin mujallar da daji mai ɗaukar nauyi, wanda ke sa ƙwanƙolin da ke ɗauke da shi sannu a hankali ya manne wa mujallar, yana lalata kyakkyawan yanayin aiki na daji, yana haifar da zafi fiye da kima. na bearing, har ma da lalata bearings.Alloy mai ɗaukar nauyi yana narkewa;Bugu da kari, saboda dadewa da electrolysis na halin yanzu, man shafawa kuma zai lalace, baƙar fata, rage aikin mai, da kuma ƙara yawan zafin jiki.Jiyya: Don hana magudanar ruwa daga lalata daji mai ɗaukar nauyi, dole ne a raba abin ɗamara daga tushe tare da insulator don yanke madauki na yanzu.Gabaɗaya, ƙullun da ke gefen exciter (ƙugiya da jagoran jagora), tushen mai karɓar mai, igiyar waya na gwamna, da dai sauransu dole ne a sanya su a rufe, kuma dole ne a sanya shinge na gyaran gyare-gyaren skru da fil.Dole ne a bushe duk insulators a gaba.Bayan an shigar da insulator, ya kamata a duba rufin mai ɗaukar hoto tare da girgizar 500V don zama ƙasa da 0.5 megohm
9. A taƙaice bayyana manufa da hanyar juya sashin.
Amsa: Manufa: Tunda ainihin yanayin juzu'i na farantin madubin bai kasance cikakke daidai da axis na naúrar ba, kuma axis kanta ba madaidaiciyar layi ba ce, lokacin da naúrar ke juyawa, tsakiyar layin naúrar zai karkata daga. layin tsakiya.Auna da daidaita axis don nazarin sanadi, girma da fuskantar juzu'in axis.Kuma ta hanyar scraping da dacewa hade surface, da rashin perpendicularity tsakanin gogayya surface na madubi farantin da axis, da kuma hade surface na flange da axis za a iya gyara, sabõda haka, da lilo da aka rage zuwa kewayon. yarda da ka'idoji.
Hanya:
1) Yi amfani da crane gada a cikin masana'anta a matsayin iko, hanyar ja ta hanyar saitin igiyoyin waya na karfe da ƙwanƙwasa-nakanikanci.
2) Direct halin yanzu ana amfani da stator da na'ura mai juyi windings don samar da electromagnetic karfi jan hanya - Electric crank 3) Ga kananan raka'a, yana yiwuwa kuma da hannu tura naúrar don juya a hankali - manual cranking 10. Brief bayanin bel Kulawa hanyoyin don shrouds na iska da na'urorin hatimin ruwa masu daidaitawa na ƙarshen fuska.
Amsa: 1) Lura da matsayin mai ɓarna a kan shaft ɗin sannan a cire abin ɓarna, sannan a duba sawar farantin rigar bakin karfe.Idan akwai burrs ko m tsagi, za a iya santsi da su da man dutse a cikin shugabanci na juyawa.Idan akwai tsagi mai zurfi ko matsanancin lalacewa ko lalata, yakamata a daidaita motar.
2) Cire farantin matsi, lura da tsari na tubalan nailan, fitar da tubalan nailan kuma duba lalacewa.Idan kuna buƙatar magance shi, to sai ku danna duk faranti ɗin dannawa sannan ku tsara su tare, sannan ku sanya alamun da aka tsara tare da fayil, sannan kuyi amfani da dandamali don bincika shimfidar saman bayan an haɗa toshe nailan.Ana buƙatar sakamakon bayan gyara don isa
3) A kwance diski mai rufewa na sama sannan a duba ko diski na roba ya lalace.Idan ya ƙare, canza shi da sabon.4) Cire ruwan bazara, cire laka da tsatsa, a duba elasticity na matsawa daya bayan daya, a maye gurbinsa da wani sabo idan nakasar filastik ta faru.
5) Cire bututun shigar iska da haɗin gwiwa na shroud na iska, kwance murfin rufewa, fitar da mayafin, sannan a duba lalacewa na lilin.Idan akwai lalacewa ko lalacewa na gida, ana iya magance shi ta hanyar gyara zafi.
6) Cire fil ɗin sakawa kuma a kwaɓe zoben matsakaici.Tsaftace duk sassa kafin shigarwa.
11. Waɗanne hanyoyi ne don gane haɗin da ya dace da kutse?Menene fa'idodin hanyar hannun riga mai zafi?
Amsa: Hanyoyi biyu: 1) Hanyar shiga;2) Hanyar zafi mai zafi;Abũbuwan amfãni: 1) Ana iya shigar da shi ba tare da matsa lamba ba;2) Abubuwan da ke fitowa a kan haɗin gwiwa ba sa sawa ta hanyar axial gogayya yayin taro.Flat, don haka yana inganta ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa sosai;
12. A taƙaice bayyana gyare-gyare da gyara abubuwa da hanyoyin shigar zoben wurin zama?
Amsa:
(1) Abubuwan daidaitawa sun haɗa da: (a) cibiyar;(b) tsayi;(c) daraja
(2) Hanyar gyarawa da daidaitawa:
(a) Aunawar cibiyar da daidaitawa: Bayan an ɗaga zoben wurin zama kuma a ajiye shi da kyau, rataya layin piano na rukunin, kuma an ja layin piano sama da alamun X, -X, Y, -Y akan wurin zama. zobe da saman flange Rataya hammata masu nauyi huɗu bi da bi don ganin ko ƙarshen hamma mai nauyi ya yi daidai da alamar tsakiya;idan ba haka ba, yi amfani da kayan ɗagawa don daidaita matsayin zoben wurin zama don daidaita shi.
(b) Girman girma da daidaitawa: Yi amfani da mai mulki na karfe don auna nisa daga saman saman zoben wurin zama zuwa layin piano na giciye.Idan bai dace da buƙatun ba, ana iya amfani da farantin ƙananan wutsiya don daidaitawa.
(c) Ma'auni na kwance da daidaitawa: Yi amfani da katako a kwance tare da ma'aunin matakin murabba'i don auna kan saman flange na sama na zoben wurin zama.Dangane da sakamakon ma'auni da ƙididdiga, yi amfani da farantin ƙwanƙwasa ƙananan don daidaitawa, daidaitawa da ƙara matsawa.Kuma maimaita ma'auni da daidaitawa, kuma jira har sai ƙuƙƙarfan kullin ya kasance daidai kuma matakin ya cika bukatun.
13. A taƙaice bayyana hanyar tantance cibiyar injin injin injin Francis?
Amsa: Ƙaddamar da cibiyar injin turbin Francis gabaɗaya ya dogara ne akan hawan tangkou na biyu na zoben wurin zama.Da farko raba ramin na biyu na zoben wurin zama zuwa maki 8-16 tare da kewaye, sannan ka rataya wayar piano a saman jirgin sama na zoben wurin zama ko jirgin ƙasa na ƙananan firam na janareta, kuma auna rami na biyu. na zoben wurin zama tare da tef ɗin karfe.Nisa tsakanin maki huɗu masu ma'ana na bakin da gatari X da Y zuwa layin piano, daidaita na'urar cibiyar ƙwallon ƙwallon ta yadda radiyoyin maki biyu masu ma'ana su kasance tsakanin 5mm, kuma daidaita matsayin layin piano da farko, kuma sannan a daidaita piano bisa ga bangaren zobe da hanyar aunawa ta tsakiya.Layi don ya wuce ta tsakiyar kandami na biyu, kuma wurin da aka daidaita shi ne tsakiyar shigarwar turbine.
14. A taƙaice kwatanta rawar turawa?Wadanne nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan turawa ne guda uku?Wadanne abubuwa ne manyan abubuwan da ke tattare da turawa?
Amsa: Aiki: Don ɗaukar ƙarfin axial na naúrar da nauyin duk sassa masu juyawa.Rarraba: ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ginshiƙan turawa, ma'auni mai jujjuya matsa lamba, ginshiƙan tura ruwa mai ƙarfi.Babban abubuwan da aka gyara: tura kai, kushin turawa, farantin madubi, zoben karye.
15. A taƙaice bayyana ra'ayi da hanyar daidaitawa na bugun jini.
Amsa: Ra'ayi: Matsawar bugun jini shine daidaita bugun bugun na'urar ta yadda vane jagora har yanzu yana da 'yan milimita na gefen bugun jini (zuwa hanyar rufewa) bayan an rufe shi.Ana kiran wannan gefen bugun bugun ta hanyar daidaita bugun bugun bugun jini: lokacin da mai sarrafawa Lokacin da piston servomotor da piston servomotor ke cikin cikakken rufaffiyar wuri, ja da iyakacin sukurori akan kowane servomotor waje zuwa ƙimar bugun bugun da ake buƙata.Ana iya sarrafa wannan ƙimar ta adadin jujjuyawar farar.
16. Menene manyan dalilai guda uku na girgiza naúrar ruwa?
Amsa:
(1) Vibration da ke haifar da dalilai na inji: 1. Yawan rotor ba shi da daidaituwa.2. Axis na naúrar ba ta miƙe ba.3. Rashin lahani.(2) Vibration da ke haifar da dalilai na hydraulic: 1. Tasirin kwararar ruwa a mashigin mai gudu wanda ya haifar da rashin daidaituwar karkatar da ruwa na volute da jagorar vanes.2. Carmen vortex jirgin kasa.3. Cavitation a cikin rami.4. Jiragen saman tsaka-tsaki.5. Matsi na bugun zoben anti-leak
(3) Vibration da ke haifar da abubuwan electromagnetic: 1. The rotor winding short-circuited.2) Tazarar iska ba ta dace ba.
17. Taƙaitaccen bayanin: (1) Rashin daidaituwa a tsaye da rashin daidaituwa mai ƙarfi?
Amsa: Rashin daidaituwa a tsaye: Tunda na'urar injin turbine baya kan axis na jujjuyawa, lokacin da na'urar ta kasance a tsaye, rotor ba zai iya tsayawa ba a kowane matsayi.Ana kiran wannan al'amari na rashin daidaituwa.
Rashin daidaituwa mai ƙarfi: yana nufin al'amarin girgizar da ke haifar da sifar da ba ta dace ba ko rashin daidaituwar yawa na sassan injin injin injin yayin aiki.
18. Taƙaitaccen bayanin: (2) Dalilin gwajin ma'auni na ma'auni na mai gudu na turbine?
Amsa: Shi ne don a rage ficewar cibiyar nauyi mai gudu zuwa iyakar da aka yarda, don guje wa ficewar cibiyar nauyi mai gudu;Ƙarfin centrifugal da naúrar ke samarwa zai haifar da babban shinge don samar da lalacewa a lokacin aiki, ƙara yawan motsi na jagorar ruwa ko haifar da turbine Vibration a lokacin aiki zai iya lalata sassan naúrar kuma ya sassauta ƙugiya, haifar da manyan haɗari.18. Yadda za a auna zagaye na waje na cylindrical?
Amsa: An shigar da alamar bugun kira akan hannun madaidaicin madaurin, kuma sandar aunawarsa tana cikin hulɗa da saman siliki da aka auna.Lokacin da madaidaicin ke juyawa a kusa da axis, ƙimar da aka karanta daga alamar bugun kira tana nuna zagayen saman da aka auna.
19. Sanin tsarin tsarin micrometer diamita na ciki, bayyana yadda ake amfani da hanyar da'irar lantarki don auna siffar sassan da matsayi na tsakiya?Amsa: Da farko nemo wayar piano bisa rami na biyu na zoben wurin zama, sannan yi amfani da wannan da wayar piano a matsayin ma'auni.Yi amfani da micrometer diamita na ciki don samar da da'irar wutar lantarki tsakanin ɓangaren zobe da wayar piano, daidaita tsayin micrometer diamita na ciki, kuma zana da'irar tare da layin piano, ƙasa, hagu, da dama.Dangane da sautin, ana iya yanke hukunci ko micrometer diamita na ciki yana hulɗa da wayar piano don yin ɓangaren zobe.Da ma'aunin matsayi na tsakiya.
20. Gabaɗaya hanyoyin shigarwa don injin turbin Francis?
Amsa: Shigar da daftarin tube rufi → zuba kankare a kusa da daftarin tube, wurin zama zobe, volute buttress pier → wurin zama zobe, tushe zobe tsaftacewa, hade da wurin zama zobe, tushe zobe tapered bututu shigarwa → ƙafa wurin zama zobe tushe aronji → guda Sashe volute taro → Volute shigarwa da walda → inji ramin rufi da kuma binne bututu shigarwa → kankare zubo a kasa da janareta Layer → wurin zama zoben dagawa da matakin sake aunawa, ƙayyadaddun na turbin cibiyar → ƙananan ƙayyadaddun yabo-hujja zobe tsaftacewa da taro → ƙananan kafaffen Tsaya-leak. Matsayin zobe → saman murfin da tsabtace zobe na wurin zama, taro → injin jagorar ruwa pre-shigarwa → babban shaft da haɗin gudu → juyawa juzu'in shigarwa → injin jagorar ruwa kayayyakin gyara → tsaftacewa da dubawa, zanen → farawa da aikin gwaji na sashin.
21. Menene ainihin buƙatun fasaha don shigarwa na tsarin jagorancin ruwa?
Amsa: 1) Tsakiyar zobe na kasa da murfin saman ya kamata su dace da layin tsakiya na naúrar;2) Zoben kasa da murfin saman su kasance daidai da juna, kuma layukan zanen X da Y da ke kansu su kasance daidai da layukan zanen X da Y na rukunin.Babban ramuka na sama da ƙananan ramuka na vane jagora ya kamata su zama coaxial;3) Tsare-tsare na jagorar vane ƙarshen fuska da matsananciyar lokacin rufewa ya kamata ya dace da buƙatun;4) Aikin jagorar ɓangaren watsa vane ya kamata ya zama mai sassauƙa kuma abin dogara.
22. Yadda za a haɗa mai gudu da sandal?
Amsa: Da farko haɗa babban igiya tare da murfin mai gudu, sa'an nan kuma haɗa tare da jikin mai gudu tare ko kuma fara shigar da bolts ɗin haɗin zuwa cikin ramukan murfi na murfin mai gudu daidai da lambar, kuma rufe ƙananan ɓangaren da farantin karfe.Bayan gwajin yayyan hatimi ya cancanci, Sannan haɗa babban shaft tare da murfin mai gudu.
23. Yadda za a canza nauyin rotor?
Amsa: Juya birki na goro yana da sauƙi.Matukar an ɗaga rotor sama da matsi na mai, ba a buɗe nut ɗin makullin ba, kuma rotor ɗin ya sake sauke, nauyinsa yana jujjuya shi zuwa abin da ake turawa.
24. Menene maƙasudin fara aikin gwaji na saitin janareta na ruwa?
Amsa:
1) Duba ingancin ginin gine-ginen gine-ginen gine-gine, ko ingancin shigarwa ya dace da buƙatun ƙira da ƙa'idodi da ƙayyadaddun bayanai.
2) Ta hanyar dubawa kafin da kuma bayan aikin gwaji, aikin da ya ɓace ko wanda ba a gama ba da lahani a cikin injiniya da kayan aiki za a iya samuwa a cikin lokaci.
3) Ta hanyar aikin gwaji na farawa, fahimtar yanayin shigarwa na tsarin hydraulic da kayan aikin lantarki, kuma ku mallaki injin lantarki.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba 14-2021
