Ua kūkulu ʻia ke kahua mana hydroelectric mua o ka honua ma Farani i ka makahiki 1878 a ua hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hydroelectric e hana i ka uila.A hiki i kēia manawa, ua kapa ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā mea hana hydroelectric ka "lei" o ka hana Farani.Akā i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 1878, ua hoʻolālā mua ka mea hoʻomohala hydroelectric.I ka makahiki 1856, ua puka mai ka mea hana kalepa DC Lianlian Alliance.I ka makahiki 1865, ua manaʻo ka Palani ʻo Casseven a me ka Italian Marko e hoʻohui i kahi generator DC a me kahi turbine wai e hana i ka uila.I ka makahiki 1874, ua hoʻolālā ʻo Piroski mai Rūsia i hoʻolālā e hoʻohuli i ka ikehu wai i ikehu uila.I ka makahiki 1878, ua kūkulu ʻia nā mea mana wai wai mua ma ka honua ma Gragside Manor ma ʻEnelani a me Sirmite kokoke i Paris, Farani, a ua ʻike ʻia ka pūʻulu mua o DC hydroelectric generators.I ka makahiki 1891, ua hānau ʻia ka mea hoʻoheheʻe hydroelectric hou (Laufen Hydrogenerator Hydrogenerator) ma Ruitu Olican Company.Mai ka makahiki 1891 a hiki i kēia manawa, ua holomua ka holomua ma ka ʻenehana hana hydroelectric no nā makahiki he 100.
ʻO ka pae mua (1891-1920)
I ka wā mua o ka hānau ʻana o nā mea hana hydroelectric, hoʻopili ka poʻe i kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe pololei maʻamau a i ʻole alternator i kahi turbine wai e hana i kahi pūʻulu o nā mea hana hydroelectric.I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻomohala hydroelectric i hoʻolālā kūikawā.I ka wā i kūkulu ʻia ai ka hale mana hydroelectric Lauffen i ka makahiki 1891, ua ʻike ʻia kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe hydroelectric kūikawā.Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu wai wai mua, nā mea kanu kaʻawale me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka mana lako, ʻo nā ʻāpana o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe he ʻano ʻino loa, me nā ʻano uila a me nā alapine.ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ʻo ka hydro-generators ka hapa nui.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka hydro-generators i ka pae mua he DC generators, a ma hope, hoʻokahi-phase AC, ʻekolu-phase AC, a me ʻelua-phase AC hydro-generators.
ʻO nā ʻoihana hana hydro-generator kaulana loa i ka pae mua, ʻo ia ka BBC, Oelikon, Siemens, Westinghouse (WH), Edison a me General Motors (GE), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a me nā mea hana mana hydro-turbine ʻelele. -phase AC turbine generator o ka Laufen Hydropower Plant (1891), ka 750kW three-phase AC generator of the Folsom Hydropower Station in the United States (hana ʻia e GE Corporation, 1893), a me ka Adams Hydropower Plant ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻAmelika o Niagara Falls (Niagara Falls) 5000hp ʻelua-phase AC hydroelectric generator (1894), 12MNV?A a me 16MV?A horizontal hydroelectric generators (1904-1912) ma ka Ontario Power Station ma ka ʻaoʻao Kanada o Niagara Falls, a me kahi kū 40MV?A. hana ʻia e GE i ka makahiki 1920 Type hydroelectric generator.Ua kūkulu ʻia ka hale mana wai ʻo Hellsjon ma Suedena i ka makahiki 1893. Ua hoʻolako ʻia ka hale mana me ʻehā 344kV?A ʻekolu-phase AC horizontal hydro-generator set.Ua hana ʻia nā mea hana e ka Hui Kūʻai Nui o Sweden (ASEA).
I ka makahiki 1891, ua mālama ʻia ka World Exposition ma Frankfurt, Kelemānia.I mea e hōʻike ai i ka hoʻouna ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o kēia manawa ma ka hālāwai, ua hoʻonohonoho nā mea hoʻonohonoho o ka ʻaha kūkā i kahi pūʻulu o nā mea hana hydro-turbine ma ka hale kanu cement Portland ma Larffen, Kelemānia, 175km ka mamao., No ka hoʻomālamalama hoʻolaha a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i kahi kaʻa hoʻokomo ʻekolu-phase 100hp.Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka hydro-generator o Laufen Power Station e Brown, ke poʻo ʻenekinia o Ruitu Oerlikon Company, a hana ʻia e Oerlikon Company.ʻO ka mea hoʻoheheʻe he ʻekolu-phase horizontal type, 300hp, 150r/min, 32 pole, 40Hz, a ʻo ka puʻu uila ʻo 55 ~ 65V.ʻO 1752mm ka anawaena o waho o ka mea hana, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kumu hao he 380mm.He 96 ka heluna o na puka stator generator, ua paniia na puka (i kapaia na puka i kela manawa), kela pou a me keia mahele he kookoo keleawe, ua hookuiia ka slot o ke kookoo uwea me ka 2mm asbestos plate, a o ka hope he keleawe palahu. koʻokoʻo;ʻo ka rotor he apo i hoʻokomo ʻia ʻO nā pou māuʻu o ke kahua wili.Hoʻokele ʻia ka mea hoʻoheheʻe e ka turbine hydraulic vertical ma o nā ʻāpana bevel, a ua hauʻoli ʻia e kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe hydraulic DC liʻiliʻi.ʻO ka mea hana generator hiki i 96.5%.
ʻO ka hana kūleʻa a me ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā hydro-generators o ka Laufen Power Station i Frankfurt ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo ʻoihana mua o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ʻekolu mau manawa i ka mōʻaukala kanaka.He holomua ia ma ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o ke au ʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke au ʻokoʻa ʻekolu.ʻO ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻo ia ka mua o ka honua ʻekolu-phase hydro generator.
ʻO ka mea i luna aʻe ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea hana hydroelectric i nā makahiki he kanakolu mua.ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ke nānā nei i ke kaʻina hoʻomohala o ka ʻenehana hana hydroelectric, ʻo nā mea hana hydroelectric ka mea maʻamau i kahi pae hoʻomohala i kēlā me kēia 30 makahiki.ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka manawa mai 1891 a 1920 ka pae mua, ʻo ka manawa mai 1921 a 1950 ka pae o ka ulu ʻenehana, ʻo ka manawa mai 1951 a 1984 ka pae o ka ulu wikiwiki, a ʻo ka manawa mai 1985 a 2010 ka pae. o ka ulu mau.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-09-2021
