Lub counterattack turbine yog ib hom hydraulic machinery uas siv lub siab ntawm cov dej ntws los hloov dej zog rau hauv txhua yam zog.
(1) Qauv.Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm lub counterattack turbine yog tus khiav, dej hloov chav tsev, dej guiding mechanism thiab cov cua ntsawj ntshab raj.
1) Tus khiav.Cov neeg khiav dej num yog ib feem ntawm cov dej turbine uas hloov lub zog ntawm cov dej ntws mus rau hauv lub zog hloov tshuab.Nyob ntawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm dej zog hloov dua siab tshiab, cov qauv khiav ntawm ntau yam counterattack turbines kuj txawv.Francis turbine khiav yog tsim los ntawm streamlined twisted hniav, yas thiab qis nplhaib thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb ntsug;axial flow turbine runner yog tsim los ntawm cov hniav, lub cev khiav thiab lub khob hliav qab thiab lwm yam khoom tseem ceeb: kab pheeb ces kaum ntws turbine khiav qauv yog ntau txoj.Lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov hniav tuaj yeem hloov tau nrog cov haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab sib phim nrog cov lus qhia qhib qhib.Cov hniav rotation center kab yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug oblique kaum (45 ° -60 °) mus rau lub axis ntawm lub turbine.
2) Dej hloov chav dej.Nws txoj haujlwm yog ua kom cov dej ntws sib npaug mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem dej, txo lub zog poob, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub turbine.Cov turbines loj thiab nruab nrab feem ntau siv lub voj voog hla ntu hlau volutes nrog lub taub hau saum toj 50m, thiab trapezoidal cross-section qhob volutes rau cov qis dua 50m.
3) Kev taw qhia dej mechanism.Nws yog feem ntau tsim los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm streamlined qhia vanes thiab lawv rotating mechanisms tusyees teem nyob rau hauv periphery ntawm tus khiav.Nws lub luag haujlwm yog coj cov dej ntws sib npaug mus rau hauv tus neeg khiav dej num, thiab los ntawm kev kho qhov qhib ntawm cov lus qhia vane, hloov tus nqi ntws ntawm lub turbine kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab nws kuj ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm sealing dej. thaum nws kaw tag nrho.
4) Draft tube.Cov dej ntws ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob ntawm tus neeg khiav dej num tseem muaj ib feem ntawm lub zog uas tsis tau siv.Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov raj xa dej yog kom rov qab tau qhov no ntawm lub zog thiab tso cov dej ntws mus rau hauv qab.Draft raj muab faib ua ob hom, ncaj cone thiab nkhaus.Tus qub muaj lub zog loj coefficient thiab feem ntau haum rau me me kab rov tav thiab tubular turbines;lub tom kawg muaj qis hydraulic kev ua tau zoo tshaj lub cones ncaj, tab sis muaj ib tug me me digging qhov tob, thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv loj thiab nruab nrab counterattack turbines.
(2) Kev faib tawm.Raws li cov kev taw qhia axial ntawm cov dej ntws los ntawm tus khiav, qhov cuam tshuam turbine tau muab faib ua Francis turbine, kab pheeb ces kaum ntws, axial flow turbine thiab tubular turbine.
1) Francis turbine.Francis (radial axial flow los yog Francis) turbine yog counter-attack turbine nyob rau hauv uas dej ntws radially los ntawm qhov ncig ntawm tus khiav mus rau axial kev taw qhia.Hom turbine no muaj ntau hom kev siv lub taub hau (30-700m), cov qauv yooj yim, ntim me me thiab tus nqi qis.Qhov loj tshaj plaws Francis turbine uas tau muab tso rau hauv Tuam Tshoj yog Ertan Hydropower Plant, nrog rau cov tso zis zog ntawm 582 MW thiab siab tshaj plaws tso zis zog ntawm 621 MW.
2) Axial flow turbine.Lub axial flow turbine yog counterattack turbine uas dej ntws los ntawm axial kev taw qhia thiab ntws tawm ntawm tus khiav hauv axial kev taw qhia.Hom turbine no tau muab faib ua ob hom: taag-blade hom (ntsia hlau hom) thiab hom teb (Kaplan hom).Cov hniav ntawm lub qub yog tsau, thiab cov hniav ntawm lub tom kawg tuaj yeem tig tau.Cov dej hla lub peev xwm ntawm axial flow turbine yog ntau dua li ntawm Francis turbine.Vim tias cov hniav ntawm lub paddle turbine tuaj yeem hloov txoj haujlwm nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kev thauj khoom, lawv muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua hauv ntau qhov kev hloov pauv.Kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv cavitation thiab lub zog txhua yam ntawm axial flow turbine yog qhov phem dua li ntawm Francis turbine, thiab cov qauv kuj nyuaj dua.Tam sim no, lub taub hau siv tau ntawm hom turbine no tau mus txog 80m lossis ntau dua.
3) Tubular turbine.Cov dej ntws ntawm hom dej turbine no ntws axially tawm ntawm tus khiav, thiab tsis muaj kev sib hloov ua ntej thiab tom qab tus khiav.Kev siv lub taub hau yog 3-20..Lub fuselage muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov siab me me, cov dej ntws zoo, kev ua haujlwm siab, tsis tshua muaj kev tsim vaj tsev, tus nqi qis, tsis xav tau cov volutes thiab nkhaus cov hlab ntsha, thiab lub taub hau qis dua, qhov pom tseeb dua qhov zoo.
Tubular turbines tau muab faib ua ob hom: puv-dhau-ntws thiab ib nrab-dhau-ntws raws li kev sib txuas ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab hom sib kis.Semi-through-flow turbines tau muab faib ua hom noob, hom ncej thiab hom ncej txuas ntxiv.Ntawm lawv, hom ncej txuas ntxiv kuj tau muab faib ua ob hom.Muaj oblique axis thiab kab rov tav axis.Tam sim no, feem ntau siv cov noob tubular hom, ncej txuas ntxiv hom thiab ntsug ncej hom feem ntau yog siv rau hauv me me.Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, hom ncej kuj tau siv hauv cov chav loj thiab nruab nrab.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm cov ncej txuas ntxiv tubular chav tsev yog ntsia sab nraum txoj kev dej, thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob txuas nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog lub tog raj ntev ntev lossis kab rov tav ncej.Cov ncej txuas ntxiv hom qauv no yooj yim dua li lub teeb hom.
4) Diagonal flow turbine.Cov qauv thiab qhov loj ntawm kab pheeb ces kaum (tseem hu ua kab pheeb ces kaum) turbine yog nruab nrab ntawm cov dej sib xyaw thiab cov axial ntws.Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov hniav sib tw yog nyob ntawm ib lub kaum sab xis rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub turbine.Vim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv, chav tsev tsis raug tso cai rau hauv lub dab dej thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, yog li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob axial tiv thaiv tau teeb tsa hauv cov qauv thib ob los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo uas cov hniav thiab lub chamber khiav sib tsoo.Kev siv lub taub hau ntau ntawm kab pheeb ces kaum ntws yog 25 ~ 200m.
Post lub sij hawm: Oct-19-2021
