1 Kev Taw Qhia
Turbine tus tswv xeev yog ib qho ntawm ob qhov tseem ceeb tswj cov cuab yeej siv rau hydroelectric units.Nws tsis tsuas yog ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tswj ceev, tab sis kuj tseem ua haujlwm ntau yam kev hloov pauv thiab zaus, lub zog, lub kaum sab xis thiab lwm yam kev tswj hwm ntawm hydroelectric generating units thiab tiv thaiv lub log dej.Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob teeb.Turbine Governors tau dhau los ntawm peb theem ntawm kev txhim kho: mechanical hydraulic Governors, electro-hydraulic Governors thiab microcomputer digital hydraulic Governors.Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, programmable controllers tau nkag mus rau hauv turbine ceev tswj systems, uas muaj zog tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam muaj peev xwm thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab;yooj yim thiab yooj yim programming thiab ua haujlwm;modular qauv, zoo versatility, yooj, thiab yooj yim txij nkawm;Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev tswj xyuas muaj zog thiab muaj peev xwm tsav tsheb;nws tau xyaum ua pov thawj.
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, kev tshawb fawb ntawm PLC hydraulic turbine dual adjustment system yog npaj, thiab cov programmable maub los yog siv los paub txog kev hloov kho dual ntawm phau ntawv qhia vane thiab paddle, uas txhim kho kev sib koom ua haujlwm raug ntawm cov lus qhia vane thiab lub vane rau qhov sib txawv. taub hau dej.Kev xyaum qhia tau hais tias qhov kev tswj xyuas dual txhim kho qhov kev siv ntawm cov dej zog.
2. Turbine tswj system
2.1 Turbine tswj system
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm turbine ceev tswj qhov system yog hloov qhov qhib ntawm cov lus qhia vanes ntawm lub turbine raws li tus tswv xeev thaum lub load ntawm lub hwj chim system hloov thiab lub hloov ceev ntawm chav tsev deviates, yog li ntawd lub rotational ceev ntawm lub turbine. yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv qhov kev teev tseg, thiaj li ua kom lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm.Cov zis hluav taws xob thiab zaus ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau.Cov dej num tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm turbine tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev ceev ceev, kev tswj hwm lub zog thiab kev tswj hwm qib dej.
2.2 Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm turbine regulation
Ib chav tsev hydro-generator yog ib chav tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm hydro-turbine thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob.Lub rotating ib feem ntawm lub hydro-generator teeb yog ib tug nruj lub cev uas rotates nyob ib ncig ntawm ib tug ruaj axis, thiab nws qhov sib npaug yuav piav tau los ntawm cov kab zauv hauv qab no:
Hauv cov qauv
—— Lub sij hawm ntawm inertia ntawm lub rotating ib feem (Kg m2)
—— Kev sib hloov angular tshaj tawm (rad / s)
—— Turbine torque (N / m), suav nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob poob.
—— Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv torque, uas yog hais txog lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator ntawm lub rotor, nws cov kev taw qhia yog rov qab mus rau qhov kev sib hloov, thiab sawv cev rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob lub zog tso tawm, uas yog, qhov loj ntawm lub load.
Thaum lub load hloov, qhov qhib ntawm phau ntawv qhia vane tseem tsis hloov, thiab chav tsev ceev tseem tuaj yeem ruaj khov ntawm qee tus nqi.Vim tias qhov ceev yuav sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas tus nqi, nws tsis txaus rau kev cia siab rau tus kheej ntsuas kev hloov kho kom muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov ceev.Txhawm rau kom ceev ceev ntawm chav tsev ntawm tus nqi qub tom qab hloov pauv, nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 1 tias nws yuav tsum tau hloov pauv cov lus qhia qhib kom haum.Thaum lub load txo, thaum lub zog torque hloov los ntawm 1 mus rau 2, lub qhib ntawm cov lus qhia vane yuav raug txo mus rau 1, thiab qhov ceev ntawm chav tsev yuav raug tswj.Yog li ntawd, nrog rau kev hloov ntawm lub load, qhov qhib ntawm cov kev taw qhia dej mechanism yog sib hloov, yog li ntawd lub ceev ntawm lub hydro-generator unit yog khaws cia ntawm ib tug predetermined tus nqi, los yog hloov raws li ib tug predetermined txoj cai.Cov txheej txheem no yog kev hloov ceev ntawm chav tsev hydro-generator., los yog turbine kev cai.
3. PLC hydraulic turbine dual kho qhov system
Tus tswv xeev turbine yog los tswj qhov qhib ntawm cov dej qhia vanes los kho cov dej ntws mus rau hauv tus khiav ntawm lub turbine, yog li hloov lub zog torque ntawm lub turbine thiab tswj qhov zaus ntawm chav turbine.Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm axial-flow rotary paddle turbine, tus tswv xeev yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog kho qhov qhib ntawm cov lus qhia vanes, tab sis kuj kho lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov hniav khiav raws li cov hlab ntsha thiab dej taub hau tus nqi ntawm cov lus qhia vane follower, yog li ntawd cov lus qhia vane thiab lub vane txuas nrog.Ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm lawv, uas yog, kev sib koom ua ke, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub turbine, txo cov hniav cavitation thiab kev vibration ntawm chav tsev, thiab txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub turbine.
Cov khoom siv ntawm PLC tswj turbine vane system yog tsim los ntawm ob ntu, uas yog PLC tswj thiab hydraulic servo system.Ua ntej, cia peb tham txog cov qauv kho vajtse ntawm PLC maub los.
3.1 PLC tswj
PLC maub los yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv nkag, PLC qhov yooj yim chav tsev thiab cov khoom tso tawm.Lub input unit yog tsim los ntawm A / D module thiab digital input module, thiab cov khoom tso tawm yog tsim los ntawm D / A module thiab digital input module.PLC maub los yog nruab nrog LED cov zaub rau kev soj ntsuam lub sijhawm ntawm qhov system PID tsis, txoj haujlwm vane follower, qhia vane follower txoj hauj lwm thiab dej taub hau nqi.Ib qho analog voltmeter kuj tau muab los saib xyuas lub vane follower txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm microcomputer maub los tsis ua hauj lwm.
3.2 Hydraulic taug qab system
Lub hydraulic servo system yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub turbine vane tswj system.Lub teeb liab tso zis ntawm tus maub los yog hydraulically amplified los tswj kev txav ntawm lub vane follower, yog li kho lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov hniav khiav.Peb tau txais kev sib koom ua ke ntawm proportional valve tswj lub ntsiab siab valve hom electro-hydraulic tswj qhov system thiab ib txwm siv lub tshuab-hydraulic tswj system los tsim ib qho kev sib txuas hydraulic tswj system ntawm electro-hydraulic proportional valve thiab tshuab-hydraulic valve raws li qhia hauv daim duab 2. Hydraulic ua raws. -up system rau turbine hniav.
Hydraulic taug qab system rau turbine hniav
Thaum lub PLC maub los, electro-hydraulic proportional valve thiab txoj hauj lwm sensor yog txhua yam, PLC electro-hydraulic proportional tswj txoj kev yog siv los kho lub turbine vane system, txoj hauj lwm tawm tswv yim tus nqi thiab tswj cov nqi tso zis yog kis los ntawm hluav taws xob teeb liab, thiab lub Cov teeb liab yog synthesized los ntawm PLC maub los., ua thiab txiav txim siab, kho lub valve qhib ntawm lub ntsiab siab faib valve los ntawm cov proportional valve los tswj txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub vane follower, thiab tswj kev koom tes kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov lus qhia vane, lub taub hau dej thiab lub vane.Lub turbine vane system tswj los ntawm electro-hydraulic proportional valve muaj siab synergy precision, yooj yim system qauv, muaj zog roj paug tsis kam, thiab yog yooj yim rau interface nrog PLC xws li los tsim ib tug microcomputer tsis siv neeg tswj system.
Raws li kev tuav tswj ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuab sib txuas, hauv electro-hydraulic proportional control mode, mechanical linkage mechanism kuj ua haujlwm synchronously los taug qab cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua haujlwm.Yog tias PLC electro-hydraulic proportional control system ua tsis tiav, lub valve hloov yuav ua tam sim ntawd, thiab cov khoom siv sib txuas ua ke tuaj yeem taug qab lub xeev khiav ntawm electro-hydraulic proportional control system.Thaum hloov pauv, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub kaw lus me me, thiab lub vane system tuaj yeem hloov mus rau qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tswj hwm zoo heev lav qhov kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Thaum peb tsim lub hydraulic Circuit Court, peb redesigned lub valve lub cev ntawm hydraulic tswj valve, qhov sib txuam loj ntawm lub valve lub cev thiab lub tes tsho valve, qhov sib txuas loj ntawm lub valve lub cev thiab lub ntsiab siab valve, thiab cov neeg kho tshuab qhov loj ntawm lub valve. txuas pas nrig ntawm lub hydraulic valve thiab lub ntsiab siab tis valve yog tib yam li tus thawj.Tsuas yog lub valve lub cev ntawm hydraulic valve yuav tsum tau hloov thaum lub sij hawm installation, thiab tsis muaj lwm yam yuav tsum tau hloov.Cov qauv ntawm tag nrho cov hydraulic tswj system yog heev compact.Raws li kev tuav tswj txhua yam kev sib koom ua ke, lub tshuab electro-hydraulic proportional control mechanism yog ntxiv los pab txhawb kev sib cuam tshuam nrog PLC maub los kom paub txog cov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm digital tswj thiab txhim kho kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov turbine vane system.;Thiab lub installation thiab debugging txheej txheem ntawm lub system yog yooj yim heev, uas shortens lub downtime ntawm lub hydraulic turbine chav tsev, tswj kev hloov pauv ntawm hydraulic tswj system ntawm hydraulic turbine, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tiag tiag ntawm qhov chaw, lub kaw lus tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm engineering thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab, thiab nws ntseeg tau tias nws tuaj yeem nrov thiab siv rau hauv hydraulic servo system ntawm tus tswv xeev ntawm ntau qhov chaw nres tsheb hydropower.
3.3 System software qauv thiab siv txoj kev
Hauv PLC-tswj turbine vane system, cov txheej txheem digital synergy yog siv los paub txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov lus qhia vanes, lub taub hau dej thiab qhib qhov qhib.Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem kev sib koom ua ke ib txwm muaj, cov txheej txheem digital synergy muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov yooj yim parameter trimming, Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev yooj yim debugging thiab txij nkawm, thiab siab precision ntawm kev koom tes.Lub software qauv ntawm lub vane tswj system feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov kho kev ua haujlwm, kev tswj hwm algorithm thiab kev kuaj mob.Hauv qab no peb tham txog cov txheej txheem kev ua tiav ntawm peb ntu ntawm qhov kev pab cuam feem.Qhov kev hloov kho muaj nuj nqi feem ntau suav nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev pib lub vane, lub subroutine ntawm nres lub vane thiab lub subroutine ntawm load shedding ntawm lub vane.Thaum lub kaw lus ua haujlwm, nws thawj zaug txheeb xyuas thiab txiav txim rau qhov kev ua haujlwm tam sim no, tom qab ntawd pib lub software hloov, ua raws li kev hloov pauv hloov ua haujlwm subroutine, thiab suav txoj haujlwm muab tus nqi ntawm tus neeg taug qab vane.
(1) Koom xwm subroutine
Los ntawm cov qauv kev sim ntawm chav turbine, ib pawg ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntsuas ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem tau txais.Cov txheej txheem kev sib koom ua ke ib txwm yog ua raws li cov ntsiab lus ntsuas no, thiab cov qauv sib koom ua ke digital kuj tseem siv cov ntsiab lus ntsuas no los kos cov txheej txheem sib koom ua ke.Xaiv cov ntsiab lus paub ntawm lub koom haum nkhaus raws li cov nodes, thiab siv cov txheej txheem ntawm piecewise linear interpolation ntawm binary muaj nuj nqi, cov nuj nqis ntawm cov tsis-nodes ntawm kab ntawm lub koom haum no tuaj yeem tau txais.
(2) Vane start-up subroutine
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kawm txog kev pib txoj cai lij choj yog kom txo lub sij hawm pib ntawm chav tsev, txo cov load ntawm cov thrust bearing, thiab tsim cov kab sib txuas-kev sib txuas rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
(3) Vane nres subroutine
Cov kev cai kaw ntawm lub vanes yog raws li nram no: thaum tus maub los tau txais cov lus txib kaw, cov vanes thiab cov lus qhia vanes raug kaw tib lub sij hawm raws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib raug zoo los xyuas kom meej lub stability ntawm lub chav tsev: thaum cov lus qhia vane qhib yog tsawg. tshaj qhov tsis muaj qhov qhib qhib, lub vanes lag Thaum cov lus qhia vane maj mam kaw, kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub vane thiab cov lus qhia vane tsis tau khaws cia lawm;Thaum lub tsev ceev poob qis dua 80% ntawm qhov ntsuas ceev, lub vane rov qhib rau lub kaum sab xis pib Φ0, npaj rau kev npaj pib tom ntej.
(4) Blade load rejection subroutine
Load rejection txhais tau hais tias chav tsev nrog load yog dheev disconnected los ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob, ua rau cov chav tsev thiab cov dej hloov pauv hauv lub xeev kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, uas yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tshuab fais fab thiab chav tsev.Thaum lub load yog los, tus tswv xeev yog sib npaug rau ib tug tiv thaiv ntaus ntawv, uas ua rau cov kev taw qhia vanes thiab vanes kaw tam sim ntawd kom txog thaum lub unit ceev poob mus rau ib ncig ntawm lub rated ceev.ruaj khov.Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb load shedding, lub vanes yog feem ntau qhib rau ib tug tej lub kaum sab xis.Qhov kev qhib no tau txais los ntawm kev thauj khoom los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb fais fab.Nws tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias thaum lub tsev tso cov khoom thauj, tsis yog tsuas yog qhov kev nce ceev me me xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub tsev nyob ruaj khov..
4 Kev xaus
Raws li cov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm kuv lub teb chaws hydraulic turbine tswv xeev kev lag luam, daim ntawv no hais txog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab hauv kev tswj xyuas hydraulic turbine ceev hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, thiab siv cov programmable logic controller (PLC) technology rau kev tswj ceev ntawm lub hydraulic turbine generator teeb.Qhov kev zov me nyuam (PLC) yog lub hauv paus ntawm axial-flow paddle-type hydraulic turbine dual-txoj cai system.Daim ntawv thov tswv yim qhia tau hais tias lub tswv yim zoo heev txhim kho kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov lus qhia vane thiab lub vane rau cov dej sib txawv ntawm lub taub hau, thiab txhim kho qhov kev siv ntawm dej zog.
Post lub sij hawm: Feb-11-2022
