Pumped cia yog cov cuab yeej siv dav tshaj plaws thiab paub tab hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb fais fab tuaj yeem ncav cuag gigawatts.Tam sim no, qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab loj tshaj plaws ntsia lub zog cia nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog pumped hydro.
Pumped cia thev naus laus zis yog qhov paub tab thiab ruaj khov, nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau kev tswj hwm siab tshaj plaws thiab thaub qab.Pumped cia yog cov cuab yeej siv dav tshaj plaws thiab paub tab hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb fais fab tuaj yeem ncav cuag gigawatts.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsis tiav ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Tuam Tshoj Lub Zog Tshawb Fawb Lub Koom Haum, cov twj tso kua mis tam sim no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab loj tshaj plaws ntsia lub zog cia hauv ntiaj teb.Raws li xyoo 2019, lub ntiaj teb kev ua haujlwm lub zog khaws cia muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 180 lab kilowatts, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov twj tso kua mis cia tau tshaj 170 lab kilowatts, suav txog 94% ntawm lub ntiaj teb tag nrho lub zog cia.
Pumped-storage power stations siv cov hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm thauj khoom qis ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob los tso dej mus rau qhov chaw siab rau khaws cia, thiab tso dej los tsim hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm siab tshaj.Thaum lub load yog tsawg, lub twj tso kua mis cia fais fab mov yog tus neeg siv;thaum lub load yog siab tshaj, nws yog lub hwj chim cog.
Lub twj tso kua mis muaj ob txoj haujlwm yooj yim: siv dej thiab tsim hluav taws xob.Chav tsev ua haujlwm ua dej turbine thaum lub load ntawm lub hwj chim system nyob rau ntawm nws lub ncov.Qhov qhib ntawm cov lus qhia vane ntawm cov dej turbine yog hloov kho los ntawm tus tswv xeev system, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov dej tau hloov mus rau hauv lub zog ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab tom qab ntawd cov tshuab hluav taws xob hloov mus rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob;
Thaum lub load ntawm lub hwj chim system yog tsawg, lub twj tso kua mis dej yog siv los tso dej los ntawm lub reservoir qis mus rau sab sauv reservoir.Los ntawm kev hloov kho tsis siv neeg ntawm tus tswv xeev, cov lus qhia qhib lub qhov rooj qhib tau hloov kho raws li lub twj tso kua mis nqa, thiab lub zog hluav taws xob hloov mus rau hauv dej muaj peev xwm thiab khaws cia..
Pumped cia fais fab chaw nres tsheb yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm qhov siab tshaj plaws, kev tswj hwm zaus, thaub qab thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab pib dub ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho thiab sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, thiab yog cov caj qaum los xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob..Pumped-storage fais fab nroj tsuag yog lub npe hu ua "stabilizers", "regulators" thiab "balancers" nyob rau hauv kev nyab xeeb kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm lub hwj chim daim phiaj.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntiaj teb no lub twj tso kua mis cia fais fab chaw nres tsheb yog lub taub hau siab, muaj peev xwm loj thiab kev kub ceev.Lub taub hau siab txhais tau hais tias chav tsev txhim kho mus rau lub taub hau siab dua, lub peev xwm loj txhais tau hais tias lub peev xwm ntawm ib chav tsev tau nce zuj zus ntxiv, thiab kev kub ceev txhais tau hais tias chav tsev tau txais kev ceev dua.
Fais fab chaw nres tsheb qauv thiab cov yam ntxwv
Lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb fais fab uas siv cov twj tso kua mis muaj xws li: sab sauv reservoir, qis reservoir, dej xa system, rhiav thiab lwm lub tsev tshwj xeeb.Piv nrog rau cov chaw nres tsheb hydropower, cov qauv hydraulic ntawm cov twj tso kua mis cia muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv qab no:
Muaj cov dej ntws saum toj thiab qis.Piv nrog rau cov chaw siv hluav taws xob ib txwm siv nrog tib lub peev xwm txhim kho, lub peev xwm ntawm cov twj tso kua mis cia cov chaw nres tsheb yog feem ntau me me.
Cov dej theem ntawm lub reservoir fluctuates heev thiab nce thiab ntog ntau zaus.Txhawm rau kom ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws shaving thiab kwj dej puv rau hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob, qhov kev hloov pauv niaj hnub ntawm cov dej hauv cov dej ntawm cov twj tso kua mis tso hluav taws xob feem ntau yog qhov loj, feem ntau tshaj 10-20 meters, thiab qee qhov chaw nres tsheb fais fab mus txog 30- 40 meters, thiab tus nqi ntawm kev hloov ntawm lub reservoir theem yog ceev, feem ntau ncav cuag 5 ~ 8m / h, thiab txawm 8 ~ 10m / h.
Reservoir seepage tiv thaiv yuav tsum muaj siab.Yog tias qhov chaw tso dej ntshiab huv qhov chaw nres tsheb yuav ua rau cov dej poob ntau vim qhov dej ntws ntawm cov dej ntws sab saud, lub zog tsim hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb fais fab yuav raug txo.Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov dej seepage los ntawm deteriorating hydrogeological tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv lub project cheeb tsam, ua rau seepage puas thiab concentrated seepage, siab dua yuav tsum tau muab tso rau reservoir seepage tiv thaiv.
Lub taub hau dej siab.Lub taub hau ntawm lub twj tso kua mis cia fais fab feem ntau siab, feem ntau 200-800 meters.Lub Jixi pumped-storage fais fab chaw nres tsheb nrog ib tug tag nrho ntsia muaj peev xwm ntawm 1.8 lab kilowatts yog kuv lub teb chaws thawj 650-meter head section project, thiab lub Dunhua pumped-storage fais fab chaw nres tsheb nrog ib tug tag nrho ntsia muaj peev xwm ntawm 1.4 lab kilowatts yog kuv lub teb chaws thawj 700- meter head section project.Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov twj tso kua mis cia, tus naj npawb ntawm lub taub hau siab, lub peev xwm loj hauv kuv lub teb chaws yuav nce ntxiv.
Chav tsev yog ntsia ntawm qhov siab qis.Txhawm rau kov yeej cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm buoyancy thiab seepage ntawm lub hwj chim, qhov loj-scale twj tso kua mis-tso fais fab chaw tsim nyob rau hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tsis ntev los no feem ntau txais yuav daim ntawv ntawm underground powerhouses.
Lub ntiaj teb qhov ntxov tshaj plaws twj tso kua mis-chaw fais fab chaw nres tsheb yog lub Netra pumped-storage fais fab chaw nres tsheb nyob rau hauv Zurich, Switzerland, ua nyob rau hauv 1882.Thawj oblique flow reversible unit tau teeb tsa hauv Gangnan Reservoir hauv xyoo 1968. Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev txhim kho sai ntawm kev lag luam hluav taws xob hauv tsev, lub peev xwm ntawm lub zog nuclear thiab thermal zog tau nce sai, xav tau lub zog hluav taws xob los nruab nrog cov twj tso kua mis sib txuas. .
Txij li thaum xyoo 1980s, Tuam Tshoj tau pib siv zog tsim cov chaw nres tsheb loj-tso lub zog.Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog kev loj hlob sai ntawm kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam fais fab, kuv lub teb chaws tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis hauv cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob loj ntawm cov twj tso kua mis loj.
Txog thaum kawg ntawm 2020, kuv lub teb chaws lub peev xwm ntawm cov twj tso kua mis tso hluav taws xob yog 31.49 lab kilowatts, nce 4.0% xyoo dhau los.Hauv xyoo 2020, lub teb chaws twj tso kua mis-cia lub zog tsim muaj peev xwm yog 33.5 billion kWh, nce 5.0% xyoo dhau los;lub teb chaws tshiab tau ntxiv cov twj tso kua mis-cia lub peev xwm yog 1.2 lab kWh.kuv lub teb chaws lub twj tso kua mis-cia fais fab chaw nres tsheb ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev tsim kho yog ranked thawj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.
Xeev Grid Corporation ntawm Tuam Tshoj yeej ib txwm txuas qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov twj tso kua mis.Tam sim no, Lub Xeev Grid muaj 22 lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab 30 lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab hauv kev tsim kho.
Nyob rau hauv 2016, kev tsim kho ntawm tsib lub twj tso kua mis-cia fais fab chaw nres tsheb hauv Zhen'an, Shaanxi, Jurong, Jiangsu, Qingyuan, Liaoning, Xiamen, Fujian, thiab Fukang, Xinjiang pib;
Nyob rau hauv 2017, kev tsim kho ntawm 6 lub twj tso kua mis-cia fais fab chaw nres tsheb hauv Yi County ntawm Hebei, Zhirui ntawm Inner Mongolia, Ninghai ntawm Zhejiang, Jinyun ntawm Zhejiang, Luoning ntawm Henan thiab Pingjiang ntawm Hunan pib;
Xyoo 2019, kev tsim kho ntawm tsib lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab hauv Funing hauv Hebei, Jiaohe hauv Jilin, Qujiang hauv Zhejiang, Weifang hauv Shandong, thiab Hami hauv Xinjiang pib;
Xyoo 2020, plaub lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab hauv Shanxi Yuanqu, Shanxi Hunyuan, Zhejiang Pan'an, thiab Shandong Tai'an Phase II yuav pib tsim kho.
kuv lub teb chaws tus thawj pumped cia fais fab chaw nres tsheb nrog tag nrho autonomous unit khoom.Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2011, qhov chaw nres tsheb fais fab tau ua tiav tiav, qhia tias kuv lub tebchaws tau ua tiav cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2013, Fujian Xianyou Pumped Storage Power Station tau raug muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm rau kev tsim hluav taws xob;Nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 2016, Zhejiang Xianju Pumped Storage Power Station nrog ib chav tsev muaj peev xwm ntawm 375,000 kilowatts tau ua tiav txuas rau daim phiaj.Cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov twj tso kua mis loj loj hauv kuv lub teb chaws tau nrov thiab siv tsis tu ncua.
kuv lub teb chaws thawj 700-meter taub hau pumped-storage fais fab chaw nres tsheb.Tag nrho lub peev xwm nruab yog 1.4 lab kilowatts.Thaum Lub Rau Hli 4, 2021, Chav 1 tau muab tso ua haujlwm los tsim hluav taws xob.
Lub twj tso kua mis-kem cia fais fab nrog lub peev xwm loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb tam sim no tab tom tsim.Tag nrho lub peev xwm nruab yog 3.6 lab kilowatts.
Pumped cia muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov yooj yim, nthuav dav thiab pej xeem.Nws tuaj yeem koom nrog cov kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab, kev sib txuas lus, kev thauj khoom thiab kev cia khoom txuas, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb dua.Nws nqa lub zog hluav taws xob ruaj ntseg hluav taws xob stabilizer, huv si qis-carbon balancer thiab ua haujlwm siab ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev khiav haujlwm.
Thawj yog kom ua tau zoo nrog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm cia siab tau ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag mus ntawm cov feem ntau ntawm lub zog tshiab.Nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm ob lub peev xwm ncov kev tswj hwm, peb tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov loj-muaj peev xwm ncov kev tswj hwm lub peev xwm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, thiab txo cov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm qhov tsis ruaj khov ntawm lub zog tshiab thiab lub ncov load tshwm sim los ntawm trough.Kev siv cov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub zog tshiab thaum lub sij hawm tuaj yeem txhawb kev noj cov zog tshiab.
Qhov thib ob yog kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm lub zog tshiab thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom thauj, tso siab rau qhov hloov pauv tau yooj yim ntawm cov lus teb ceev ceev, kom zoo dua hloov mus rau qhov randomness thiab volatility ntawm lub zog tshiab, thiab ua kom tau raws li qhov hloov pauv hloov tau. coj los ntawm lub zog tshiab "nyob ntawm huab cua".
Qhov thib peb yog kom ua tau zoo nrog lub sijhawm tsis txaus ntawm inertia ntawm lub zog tshiab zog tshiab zog.Nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm lub sijhawm siab ntawm inertia ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob synchronous, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub kaw lus thiab tswj xyuas qhov system zaus stability.
Qhov thib plaub yog ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog rau qhov muaj peev xwm kev nyab xeeb ntawm daim ntawv "ob-siab" ntawm lub zog tshiab, xav tias muaj kev pabcuam thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, thiab teb rau cov kev xav tau tam sim ntawd thaum twg los tau nrog ceev pib-nres thiab ceev zog ramping peev xwm. .Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, raws li qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo, nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov ntsuas ntsuas ntawm lub twj tso kua mis nrog cov lus teb millisecond, thiab txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm lub kaw lus.
Qhov thib tsib yog kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov nqi hloov pauv loj uas tau coj los ntawm qhov loj-scale tshiab hluav taws xob sib txuas.Los ntawm txoj kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog, ua ke nrog lub zog thermal kom txo tau cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, txo qis kev tso cua thiab lub teeb, txhawb kev faib peev xwm, thiab txhim kho kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm huv ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke.
Ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua kom zoo thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov peev txheej kev tsim kho vaj tse, tswj kev nyab xeeb, kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua tiav ntawm 30 txoj haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, txhawb nqa kev tsim kho tshuab, ntse tswj thiab kev tsim qauv, txhim kho lub sijhawm tsim kho, thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov twj tso kua mis yuav tshaj 20 lab. thaum lub sij hawm "14th Tsib Xyoo Plan".kilowatts, thiab kev khiav hauj lwm nruab muaj peev xwm yuav tshaj 70 lab kilowatts los ntawm 2030.
Qhov thib ob yog ua haujlwm hnyav rau kev tswj hwm lean.Txhim kho cov kev taw qhia kev npaj, nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj ntawm "dual carbon" thiab kev siv lub tuam txhab lub tswv yim, kev npaj ua tau zoo ntawm "14th Tsib-Xyoo" txoj kev loj hlob rau cov twj tso kua mis.Kev tshawb fawb optimize cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ua ntej ntawm qhov project, thiab ua ntej qhov project feasibility kawm thiab kev pom zoo nyob rau hauv ib qho kev txiav txim.Kev tsom mus rau kev nyab xeeb, kev ua tau zoo, lub sijhawm tsim kho, thiab tus nqi, txhawb nqa kev txawj ntse thiab kev tswj xyuas, kev tsim kho tshuab thiab kev tsim vaj tsev ntsuab ntawm kev tsim kho vaj tse kom ntseeg tau tias cov haujlwm hauv kev tsim kho tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig sai li sai tau.
Txhim kho lub neej kev tswj hwm ntawm cov cuab yeej, sib sib zog nqus kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov kev pabcuam hauv lub zog ntawm cov chav nyob, ua kom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov chav nyob, thiab ua haujlwm rau kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob.Sib sib zog nqus ntau qhov kev tswj hwm lean, ua kom muaj kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub ntse, txhim kho cov khoom siv kev tswj hwm, kev tshawb fawb faib peev, peev txheej, thev naus laus zis, cov ntaub ntawv thiab lwm yam khoom tsim tawm, ua kom zoo dua qub thiab ua haujlwm zoo, thiab ua tiav kev txhim kho kev tswj hwm thiab kev khiav hauj lwm efficiency.
Qhov thib peb yog los nrhiav kev sib tw hauv kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis.Kev siv qhov tob ntawm "Tshiab Leap Forward Action Plan" rau kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis tshiab, nce peev hauv kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, thiab txhim kho lub peev xwm ntawm kev ywj pheej innovation.Ua kom muaj kev siv thev naus laus zis hloov pauv ceev, ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshawb fawb thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho ntawm 400-megawatt loj-muaj peev xwm units, ua kom cov twj tso kua mis-turbine qauv kuaj thiab simulation kuaj, thiab ua txhua yam los tsim kom muaj kev ywj pheej tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis tshiab. platform.
Ua kom zoo rau kev tshawb fawb kev tshawb fawb layout thiab kev faib peev txheej, ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntawm cov twj tso kua mis, thiab siv zog los kov yeej cov teeb meem kev lag luam ntawm "cuam caj dab".Txhim kho qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li "Big Cloud IoT Smart Chain", nthuav dav kev tsim kho cov chaw siv hluav taws xob digital ntse, thiab ua kom cov kev hloov pauv digital ntawm kev lag luam.
Post lub sij hawm: Mar-07-2022
