Ụlọ ọrụ US Energy Information Administration (EIA) wepụtara akụkọ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na-ekwu na kemgbe oge okpomọkụ nke afọ a, oke ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na United States, na-eme ka mmepụta ike mmiri dị n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke mba ahụ daa n'ihu ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa n'usoro.Enwere ụkọ ọkụ eletrik na steeti ahụ, na mpaghara mpaghara na-enwe nnukwu nrụgide.
Igwe ọkụ eletrik na-agbada ruo ọnwa
EIA mere ka ọ pụta ìhè na oke ihu igwe na nke na-adịghị ahụkebe emetụtala ọtụtụ akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ United States, karịsịa ọtụtụ steeti dị na Pacific Northwest.Steeti ndị a bụ ebe ọtụtụ ike arụnyere ike mmiri US dị.A na-atụ anya na nke a ga-ebute mbelata n'afọ n'afọ na mmepụta ike mmiri na United States n'afọ a.14%
Aghọtara na na steeti ise nke Washington, Idaho, Vermont, Oregon na South Dakota, opekata mpe ọkara nke ọkụ eletrik na steeti ọ bụla sitere na ike mmiri.N'August afọ gara aga, California, nke nwere 13% nke ikike mmiri mmiri nke US arụnyere, manyere imechi ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Edward Hyatt mgbe ọkwa mmiri nke Ọdọ Oroville dara n'akụkọ ihe mere eme.Ọtụtụ puku ezinụlọ na-enye ọkụ eletrik zuru oke.N'ime ọnwa Nọvemba afọ gara aga, ike ike mmiri California adaala afọ iri dị ala.
The Hoover Dam, bụ isi iyi ọkụ eletrik na steeti ọdịda anyanwụ, setịpụrụ ọkwa mmiri kachasị ala kemgbe ọ kwụsịrị n'oge okpomọkụ a, na ike ya adalatala site na 25% ruo afọ a.
Na mgbakwunye, ọkwa mmiri nke ọdọ mmiri Powell dị n'ókè dị n'etiti Arizona na Utah na-aga n'ihu na-agbada.EIA na-ebu amụma na nke a ga-eduga na 3% nke puru omume na Glen Canyon Dam agaghị enwe ike ịmepụta ọkụ eletrik n'oge ụfọdụ n'afọ na-abịa, yana ohere 34% na ọ gaghị enwe ike ịmepụta ọkụ eletrik na 2023.Nrụgide na grid ike mpaghara na-abawanye nke ọma
Mbelata mberede na ọgbọ ike mmiri etinyela nnukwu nrụgide na ọrụ nke grid ike mpaghara US.Sistemụ grid US ugbu a bụ nke grid ike jikọtara ọnụ atọ kachasị na ọwụwa anyanwụ, ọdịda anyanwụ na ndịda Texas.A na-ejikọta grid ike atọ ndị a site na naanị ahịrị DC ole na ole dị obere, na-aza 73% na 19% nke ọkụ eletrik a na-ere na United States, n'otu n'otu.Na 8%.
N'ime ha, grid nke ọwụwa anyanwụ dị nso na mpaghara ndị na-enye coal na gas na United States, ma na-ejikarị coal na gas na-emepụta ike;grid ike ọdịda anyanwụ dị nso na ugwu Colorado na osimiri, ma kesaa ya na ugwu okwute na ugwu ndị ọzọ nwere nnukwu ala, ọkachasị ike mmiri.Isi;ebe ndịda Texas ike grid dị na shale gas basin, na eke gas ike ọgbọ bụ nke na-achị, na-akpụ a nọọrọ onwe obere ike okporo na mpaghara.
Mgbasa ozi US CNBC rụtụrụ aka na grid ike ọdịda anyanwụ, nke dabere na ike mmiri, abawanyela ibu ọrụ ya.Ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara rụtụrụ aka na Western Power Grid chọrọ ngwa ngwa ihu ọdịnihu nke mbelata ike mmiri na mberede.
Ihe omuma nke EIA na-egosi na ike mmiri dị n'ọkwa nke ise na nhazi ike US, na òkè ya agbadala site na 7.25% afọ gara aga ruo 6.85%.N'ime ọkara mbụ nke afọ a, ike eletrik eletrik na United States dara 12.6% kwa afọ.
Ike mmiri ka dị mkpa
"Ihe ịma aka kasịnụ anyị na-eche ihu bụ ịchọta akụrụngwa kwesịrị ekwesị ma ọ bụ ngwakọta nke akụrụngwa iji nye ike na ike mmepụta ike kwekọrọ na ike mmiri."Onye na-ekwuchitere California Energy Commission Lindsay Buckley kwuru, "Dịka mgbanwe ihu igwe na-eduga na ihu igwe ka njọ Site na ọnụọgụ na-abawanye, ndị na-arụ ọrụ grid ga-eme ngwa ngwa iji mee mgbanwe maka nnukwu mgbanwe na ike eletrik."
EIA mere ka ọ pụta ìhè na ike mmiri bụ ike na-agbanwe agbanwe nke nwere ike nleba anya na ịrụ ọrụ nhazi, yana enwere ike ịgbanye ma gbanyụọ ngwa ngwa.Ya mere, ọ nwere ike na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ikuku na-akwụsịtụ na ike ifufe.N'ime oge ahụ, ike mmiri nwere ike ibelata mgbagwoju anya nke ọrụ grid.Nke a pụtara na ike mmiri ka dị mkpa maka United States.
Severin Borenstein, onye ọkachamara n'ike ume ọhụrụ na Mahadum California dị na Berkeley na onye so na kọmitii ndị isi nke ndị na-ahụ maka sistemụ ike nwere onwe nke California, kwuru, sị: “Hydropower bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ọrụ mmekorita nke sistemu ike niile, yana idobe ọrụ ya bụ. dị ezigbo mkpa.”
A na-akọ na ka ọ dị ugbu a, mbelata mberede nke ọgbọ ike mmiri na-amanye ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ ọha na eze na ndị na-ahụ maka grid steeti n'ọtụtụ steeti ọdịda anyanwụ nke United States ịchọ ebe ndị ọzọ a na-enweta ike ọkụ, dị ka mmanụ ọkụ, ike nuklia, na ikuku na anyanwụ. ike."Nke a na-edochaghị anya na-ebute ọnụ ahịa ọrụ dị elu maka akụrụngwa."Nathalie Voisin, onye injinia akụrụngwa mmiri Los Angeles, kwuru n'eziokwu."Hydropower bụ nke a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi na mbụ, mana ọnọdụ dị ugbu a na-amanye anyị ịchọta ngwọta ozugbo enwere ike."
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 22-2021
