1. What is the basic function of the governor?
The basic function of the governor is:
(l) It can automatically adjust the speed of the water turbine generator set to keep it running within the allowable deviation of the rated speed to meet the frequency quality requirements of the power grid.
(2) It can make the water turbine generator set start automatically or manually to meet the needs of the increase or decrease of grid load, normal shutdown or emergency shutdown.
(3) When the water turbine generator sets are operated in parallel in the power system, the governor can automatically assume the predetermined load distribution, so that each unit can realize economic operation.
(4) It can meet the needs of dual coordinated adjustment of paddle and impulse turbines.
2. What types are there in the series spectrum of my country’s counterattack turbine governor?
The series model spectrum of the counterattack turbine governor mainly includes:
(1) Mechanical hydraulic single-adjustment governor. Such as: T-100, YT-1800, YT-300, YTT-35, etc.
(2) Electric hydraulic single-regulation speed governor. Such as: DT-80, YDT-1800, etc.
(3) Mechanical hydraulic dual-adjustment governor. Such as: ST-80, ST-150, etc.
(4) Electric hydraulic dual-adjustment governor. Such as: DST-80, DST-200, etc.
In addition, imitating the medium-sized governor CT-40 of the former Soviet Union, the medium-sized governor CT-1500 produced by Chongqing Water Turbine Factory is still used in some small hydropower stations as a substitute for the series of models.
3. What are the main reasons for the common failures of the regulation system?
Caused by reasons other than the governor itself, it can be roughly summarized as:
(1) Hydraulic factors The speed pulsation of the hydraulic turbine due to the pressure pulsation or vibration of the water flow in the water diversion system.
(2) Mechanical factors The host itself swings.
(3) Electrical factorsThe gap between the generator rotor and the walker is uneven, the electromagnetic force is unbalanced, the excitation system is unstable and the voltage oscillates, and the quality of the permanent magnet machine is poorly manufactured and installed, which leads to the pulsation of the flying pendulum power signal.
Failure caused by the governor itself:
Before dealing with this type of problem, you should first determine the category of the fault, and then further narrow the scope of analysis and observation, and find the symptom of the fault as soon as possible, so that the right medicine can be prescribed and quickly eliminated.
The problems encountered in production practice are often very complicated and have many reasons. This requires that in addition to the basic principles of the governor, a comprehensive understanding of the manifestations of various faults, inspection methods and countermeasures should be fully understood. .
4. What are the main components of the YT series governor?
The YT series governor is mainly composed of the following parts:
(1) Automatic adjustment mechanism, including flying pendulum and pilot valve, buffer, permanent differential adjustment mechanism, feedback mechanism transmission lever device, main pressure valve, servomotor, etc.
(2) Control mechanism, including speed change mechanism, opening limit mechanism, manual operation mechanism, etc.
(3) Hydraulic equipment includes oil return tank, pressure oil tank, intermediate oil tank, screw oil pump unit and its control electric contact pressure gauge, *** valve, check valve, safety valve, etc.
(4) Protection devices include the protection of the transmission mechanism and the opening limit mechanism of the motor, the limit switch, the emergency stop solenoid valve, and the low-pressure pressure signal device for hydraulic equipment accidents, etc.
(5) Monitoring instruments and others, including speed change mechanism, permanent differential adjustment mechanism and opening limit mechanism indicator, tachometer, pressure gauge, oil leaker and oil pipeline, etc.
5. What are the main features of the YT series governor?
(1) The YT type is a synthetic type, that is, the governor hydraulic equipment and the servomotor form a whole, which is convenient for transportation and installation.
(2) In terms of structure, it can be applied to vertical or horizontal units. By changing the assembly direction of the main pressure valve and feedback cone, it can be applied to the hydraulic turbine. The mechanism has different opening and closing directions. .
(3) It can meet the requirements of automatic adjustment and remote control, and can be manually operated to meet the needs of the startup, accident and maintenance of a separate power supply station.
(4) The flying pendulum motor adopts an induction motor, and its power supply can be supplied by a permanent magnet generator installed on the shaft of the water turbine unit, or it can be supplied by a transformer at the outlet end of the generator, which can be selected according to the needs of the power station.
(5) When the flying pendulum motor loses power and in an emergency state, the main pressure valve and relay can be directly operated through the emergency stop solenoid valve to quickly close the hydraulic turbine mechanism.
(6) It can be modified to meet the needs of AC operation.
(7) The operation mode of hydraulic equipment is intermittent.
(8) The hydraulic equipment can automatically supplement the air in the pressure tank according to the oil level of the return tank within the working pressure range, so that the oil and gas in the pressure tank maintain a certain ratio.
6. What are the main components of the TT series governor?
It mainly consists of the following:
(1) Flying pendulum and pilot valve.
(2) Permanent slip mechanism, transmission mechanism and its lever system.
(3) Buffer.
(4) Servomotor and manual operation machine.
(5) Oil pump, overflow valve, oil tank, connecting pipeline and cooling pipe.
7. What are the main features of the TT series governor?
(1) A first-level amplification system is adopted. The pilot valve driven by the flying pendulum directly controls the actuator-servo.
(2) The pressure oil is directly supplied by the gear oil pump, and the overflow valve is used to maintain a constant pressure. The pilot valve has a positive overlap structure. When it is not adjusted, the pressure oil is discharged from the overflow valve.
(3) The power supply of the flying pendulum motor and the oil pump motor is directly supplied by the generator bus terminal or through the transformer.
(4) The opening limit is completed by the large hand wheel of the manual operation mechanism.
(5) Manual transmission.
8. What are the main points of TT series governor maintenance?
(1) The governor oil must meet the *** quality standards. After the initial installation or overhaul, the oil should be changed once every 1 to 2 months after operation, and the oil should be changed once every other year or so or depending on the oil quality.
(2) The amount of oil in the oil tank and buffer should be within the allowable range.
(3) For moving parts that cannot be automatically lubricated, pay attention to regular lubrication and lubricate.
(4) When starting, the oil pump must be started first and then the flying pendulum must be started to ensure that there should be oil lubrication between the rotating sleeve and the outer plug and the fixed sleeve.
(5) To start the governor after a long-term shutdown, first “jog” the oil pump motor to see if there is any abnormality. At the same time, it also supplies lubricant to the pilot valve. Before starting the flight aid motor, you should turn the fly by hand. Pendulum and check if there is any jamming.
(6) The parts on the governor should not be disassembled frequently when it is not necessary. However, they should be checked frequently, and abnormal phenomena should be repaired and eliminated in time.
(7) Before starting the oil pump, the water inlet valve of the cooler water pipe should be opened to prevent the oil temperature from rising too high, affecting the regulation performance and accelerating the quality of the oil. In winter, if the room temperature is low, wait until the oil temperature rises to about 20C. Then open the water inlet valve of the cooler water pipe.
(8) The surface of the governor should always be kept clean. Tools and other items are not allowed on the governor, and other things should not be stacked nearby, so as not to hinder normal operation.
(9) Keep the environment sanitary at all times, and be especially careful not to frequently open the blind observation hole cover on the fuel tank and the transparent glass plate on the fly pendulum cover.
(10) In order to protect the pressure gauge from damage, it is generally not suitable to open the pressure gauge cock when checking the oil pressure during the shift.
9. What are the main components of the GT series governor?
GT series governor mainly consists of the following parts:
(l) Centrifugal pendulum and pilot valve.
(2) Auxiliary servomotor and main pressure valve.
(3) Main relay.
(4) Transient adjustment mechanism-buffer and transfer rod.
(5) Permanent adjustment mechanism and its transmission lever.
(6) Local feedback device.
(7) Speed adjustment mechanism.
(8) Opening limit mechanism.
(9) Protection device
(10) Monitoring instrument.
(11) Oil pipeline system.
10. What are the main features of GT series governors?
The main features of GT series governors are:
(l) This series of governors can meet the requirements of automatic adjustment and remote control, and it can also operate the handwheel of the opening limit mechanism by the machine to perform hydraulic manual control operation to meet the failure of the governor’s automatic adjustment mechanism and need to continue. Power requirements.
(2) Considering the installation needs of various hydraulic turbines in the structure, it is enough to change the assembly direction of the main pressure valve and the adjustment direction of the permanent and transient adjustment mechanism.
(3) The centrifugal pendulum motor uses a synchronous motor, and its power is supplied by a permanent magnet generator. (4) When the centrifugal pendulum motor loses power or other emergencies occur, an emergency stop solenoid valve can be drawn to directly control the auxiliary relay and the main equipment The pressure valve makes the main servomotor act and quickly closes the turbine guide vanes.
11. What are the main points of GT series governor maintenance?
(1) The oil used for the governor must meet the quality standards. After the initial installation and overhaul, the oil will be changed once a month or so, and the oil will be changed every other year or so or depending on the oil quality.
(2) The oil filter should be inspected and cleaned regularly. The dual oil filter handle can be operated to switch, and it can be removed and washed without stopping the machine. During the initial installation and operation stage, it can be removed and washed once a day. After one month, it can be cleaned once every three days. After half a year, it depends on the situation. Check and clean regularly.
(3) The oil in the buffer must be clean, the amount of oil must be added, and it should be checked regularly.
(4) Regular refueling is required for each piston part and the grease nipple.
(5) Before starting the unit after installation and testing or after overhaul, in addition to wiping the governor to remove dust, removing debris, and keeping it clean, each rotating part should be manually tested first to see if there is jamming and looseness. Parts that have fallen off.
(6) During the trial operation, if there is any abnormal noise, it should be dealt with in time.
(7) Generally, it is not allowed to make arbitrary changes and removals to the structure and parts of the governor.
(8) The speed control cabinet and its surroundings should be kept clean, no debris and tools should be placed on the speed control cabinet, and the front and rear doors should not be opened at will.
(9) The disassembled parts should be marked, and those who are not easy to disassemble should research methods to solve them.
12. What are the main components of the CT series governor?
(l) The automatic adjustment mechanism includes the centrifugal pendulum and the pilot valve, the auxiliary servomotor and the main pressure valve, the generator servomotor, the transient adjustment mechanism, the buffer and its transmission lever, the acceleration device and its transmission lever, and the local feedback adjustment mechanism Its transmission lever and oil circuit system.
(2) The control mechanism includes an opening limit mechanism and a speed change mechanism.
(3) The protection device includes the stroke limit switch of the opening limit mechanism and the speed change mechanism, the emergency stop solenoid valve, the pressure signal device, the safety valve, and the servomotor lock device.
(4) Monitoring instruments and other indication plates including opening limit mechanism, speed change mechanism and permanent differential adjustment mechanism, electric tachometer, pressure gauge, oil filter, oil pipeline and its accessories, and electrical wiring that reflect the speed of the centrifugal pendulum.
(5) Hydraulic equipment includes oil return tank, pressure oil tank and oil filter valve, screw oil pump, check valve and stop valve
Post time: Dec-20-2021
