1. What is the basic function of the governor?
The basic functions of the governor are:
(1) It can automatically adjust the speed of water turbine generator set to keep it running within the allowable deviation of rated speed, so as to meet the requirements of power grid for frequency quality
(2) It can make the hydraulic turbine generator set start automatically or manually, and meet the needs of power grid load increase and decrease, normal shutdown or emergency shutdown
(3) When the water turbine generator units operate in parallel in the power system, the governor can automatically bear the predetermined load distribution, so that each unit can realize economic operation
(4) It can meet the needs of double coordinated regulation of propeller turbine and impulse turbine
2. What types are there in the series type spectrum of reaction turbine governor in China?
The series type spectrum of reaction turbine governor mainly includes:
(1) Mechanical hydraulic single regulating governor For example: T-100, yt-1800, yt-300, ytt-35, etc
(2) Electro hydraulic single regulating governor For example: dt-80, ydt-1800, etc
(3) Mechanical hydraulic double regulating governor Such as st-80, st-150, etc
(4) Electro hydraulic double regulating governor For example: dst-80, dst-200, etc
In addition, the medium-sized governor CT-40 of the former Soviet Union and the medium-sized governor ct-1500 produced by Chongqing hydraulic turbine factory are still used in some small hydropower stations as substitutes for the series spectrum
3. What are the main causes of common faults of the regulation system?
Causes other than the governor itself can be summarized as follows:
(1) Hydraulic factors cause the speed pulsation of hydraulic turbine due to the pressure pulsation or vibration of water flow in the diversion system
(2) The main engine itself swings due to mechanical factors
(3) Electrical factors: the gap between generator rotor and runner is uneven, the electromagnetic force is unbalanced, the voltage oscillates due to the instability of excitation system, and the pulsation of flying pendulum power signal due to the poor manufacturing and installation quality of permanent magnet machine
Faults caused by the governor itself:
Before dealing with such problems, we should first determine the category of the fault, and then further narrow the scope of analysis and observation, so as to find the cause of the fault as soon as possible, so as to suit the remedy to the case and eliminate it quickly
The problems encountered in production practice are often complex and have many reasons This requires not only mastering the basic principle of the governor, but also comprehensively understanding the manifestations, inspection methods and Treatment Countermeasures of various faults
4. What are the main components of YT series governor?
YT series governor is mainly composed of the following parts:
(1) The automatic regulating mechanism includes the flying pendulum and guide valve, buffer, permanent difference regulating mechanism, transmission lever device of feedback mechanism, main pressure distribution valve, servomotor, etc
(2) The control mechanism includes speed change mechanism, opening limit mechanism, manual operation mechanism, etc
(3) Oil pressure equipment includes return oil tank, pressure oil tank, intermediate oil tank, screw oil pump set and its control electric contact pressure gauge, valve, check valve, safety valve, etc
(4) The protection device includes speed change mechanism and opening limit mechanism, motor protection, limit switch, emergency stop solenoid valve, pressure annunciator of emergency low pressure of oil pressure equipment, etc
(5) Monitoring instruments and others include speed change mechanism, permanent differential adjustment mechanism and opening limit mechanism, indicator, tachometer, pressure gauge, oil leakage device and oil pipeline
5. What are the main features of YT series governor?
(1) YT type is synthetic, that is, the governor oil pressure equipment and servomotor form a whole, which is convenient for transportation and installation
(2) Structurally, it can be applied to vertical or horizontal units. By changing the assembly direction of main pressure distribution valve and feedback cone, it can be applied to the installation of hydraulic turbine? The mechanism has different opening and closing directions
(3) It can meet the requirements of automatic regulation and remote control, and can be operated manually to meet the needs of startup, accident and maintenance of separate power supply station
(4) The flying pendulum motor adopts induction motor, and its power supply can be supplied by the permanent magnet generator installed on the shaft of the water turbine unit, or by the bus at the outgoing end of the generator through the transformer, which can be selected according to the needs of the power station
(5) When the flying pendulum motor loses its power supply and is in an emergency, the main pressure distribution valve and servomotor can be directly operated through the emergency stop solenoid valve to quickly close the water turbine? Organization
(6) It can be modified to meet the needs of AC operation
(7) The operation mode of oil pressure equipment is intermittent
(8) Within the working pressure range, the oil pressure equipment can automatically replenish the air in the pressure oil tank according to the oil level of the return oil tank, so as to maintain a certain proportion of oil and gas in the pressure oil tank
6. What are the main components of TT series governor?
It mainly consists of the following components:
(1) Flying pendulum and pilot valve
(2) Permanent slip mechanism, variable speed mechanism and its lever system
(3) Buffer
(4) Servomotor and manual operation machine
(5) Oil pump, overflow valve, oil tank, connecting pipeline and cooling pipe
7. What are the main features of TT series governor?
(1) A primary amplification system is adopted The pilot valve driven by the flying pendulum directly controls the actuator – servomotor
(2) The pressure oil is directly supplied by the gear oil pump, and the pressure is maintained constant by the overflow valve The pilot valve is a positive overlap structure When not regulated, the pressure oil is drained from the overflow valve
(3) The power supply of the flying pendulum motor and oil pump motor is directly supplied by the generator bus terminal or through the transformer
(4) The opening limit is completed by the big hand wheel of the manual operation mechanism
(5) Manual transmission
8. What are the key points of TT series governor maintenance?
(1) The governor oil must meet the quality standard After the initial installation or overhaul, the oil shall be changed once every 1 ~ 2 months, and then every other year or so, depending on the oil quality
(2) The amount of oil in the oil tank and buffer should be within the allowable range
(3) The moving parts that cannot be lubricated automatically should be lubricated regularly
(4) When starting, the oil pump must be started first and then the flying pendulum, so as to ensure that there is oil lubrication between the rotating sleeve and the outer plug and the fixed sleeve
(5) Start the governor after long-term shutdown. First “jog” the oil pump motor to see if there is any abnormality. At the same time, it also supplies lubricating oil to the pilot valve Before starting the flying aid motor, first move the flying pendulum by hand to check whether it is stuck
(6) The parts on the governor should not be removed frequently when it is not necessary However, it should be checked frequently, and any abnormal phenomenon should be repaired and eliminated in time
(7) Before starting the oil pump, open the water inlet valve of the cooler water pipe to prevent the excessive temperature rise of the oil from affecting the regulation performance and accelerating the qualitative change of the oil If the room temperature is low in winter, wait until the oil temperature rises to about 20c, and then open the water inlet valve of the cooler water pipe
(8) The appearance of Governor shall be kept clean frequently It is not allowed to put tools and other items on the governor, and do not stack other things nearby, so as not to hinder normal operation
(9) Keep the environment clean frequently, and pay special attention not to open the louver on the oil tank, the observation hole cover and the * * * glass plate on the swing cover frequently
(10) In order to protect the pressure gauge from being damaged by vibration, generally open the pressure gauge cock when checking the oil pressure during shift handover, which should not be opened at ordinary times
9. What are the main components of GT series governor?
GT series governor is mainly composed of the following parts:
(l) Centrifugal pendulum and pilot valve
(2) Auxiliary servomotor and main distribution valve
(3) Main servomotor
(4) Transient differential adjustment mechanism — buffer and transfer rod
(5) Permanent differential adjustment mechanism and its transmission lever
(6) Local feedback device
(7) Speed adjustment mechanism
(8) Opening limit mechanism
(9) Protective device
(10) Monitoring instrument
(11) Oil pipeline system
10. What are the main features of GT series governor?
The main features of GT series governor are:
(l) This series of governor can meet the requirements of automatic regulation and remote control, and can also operate the handwheel of opening limiting mechanism nearby for manual oil pressure control operation, so as to meet the requirements of continuous power supply when the automatic regulation mechanism of governor fails
(2) In terms of structure, the installation needs of various hydraulic turbines are considered, and the assembly direction of main pressure distribution valve and the adjustment direction of permanent and transient differential adjustment mechanism can be changed
(3) The centrifugal pendulum motor adopts synchronous motor, and its power supply is supplied by permanent magnet generator (4) When the centrifugal pendulum motor loses power or other emergencies occur, the emergency stop solenoid valve can be pumped to directly control the auxiliary servomotor and the main pressure distribution valve, so as to make the main servomotor act and quickly close the guide vane of the hydraulic turbine
11. What are the key points of GT series governor maintenance?
(1) The governor oil must meet the quality standard. After the initial installation and overhaul, the oil shall be changed once a month, and then every other year or according to the oil quality
(2) The oil filter should be checked and cleaned regularly The double oil filter handle can be operated to realize switching, which can be disassembled and washed without shutdown During the initial installation and operation stage, remove and wash it once a day After one month, it can be cleaned every three days After half a year, check and clean regularly according to the situation
(3) The oil in the buffer must be clean and the oil volume should be sufficient. It should be checked regularly
(4) All piston parts and places with oil nozzles shall be filled regularly
(5) Before the test after installation or before the start-up after overhaul of the unit, in addition to wiping off the dust, sundries and keeping the governor clean, each rotating part should be tested manually to see whether there is jamming and loose parts
(6) In case of abnormal noise during trial operation, it shall be handled in time
(7) Generally, it is not allowed to change or remove the structure and parts of the governor arbitrarily
(8) The governor cabinet and its surroundings shall be kept clean. Sundries and tools shall not be placed on the governor cabinet, and the front and rear doors shall not be opened at will
(9) The parts to be disassembled shall be marked. Those who are not easy to disassemble shall study methods to solve them. Random padding, knocking and beating are not allowed
12. What are the main components of CT series governor?
(l) The automatic regulation mechanism includes centrifugal pendulum and guide valve, auxiliary servomotor and main pressure distribution valve, generator servomotor, transient difference regulation mechanism, buffer and its transmission lever, acceleration device and its transmission lever, local feedback regulation mechanism and its transmission lever, and oil circuit system
(2) The control mechanism includes opening limit mechanism and speed change mechanism
(3) The protection device includes the travel limit switch of opening limit mechanism and transmission mechanism, emergency stop solenoid valve, pressure annunciator, safety valve, servomotor and locking device
(4) Monitoring instruments and other indicators, including opening limit mechanism, speed change mechanism and permanent differential adjustment mechanism, electrical tachometer, pressure gauge, oil filter, oil pipeline and its accessories reflecting the rotational speed of centrifugal pendulum, and electrical circuit
(5) Oil pressure equipment includes return oil tank, pressure oil tank and oil filter valve, screw oil pump, check valve and stop valve
Post time: Feb-23-2022
