China ndi dziko lotukuka kumene lomwe lili ndi anthu ambiri komanso anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito malasha padziko lonse lapansi.Kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" (pano akutchedwa "dual carbon" cholinga ") monga momwe anakonzera, ntchito zovuta ndi zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo.Momwe mungamenyere nkhondo yovutayi, kupambana mayesero aakulu awa, ndikuzindikira chitukuko chobiriwira ndi chochepa cha carbon, pali zinthu zambiri zofunika zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa, imodzi mwa izo ndi momwe mungamvetsetse mphamvu yamadzi yaing'ono ya dziko langa.
Ndiye, kodi kukwaniritsa cholinga cha "dual-carbon" chamagetsi ang'onoang'ono opangira madzi ndi njira yomwe munthu angathe kuigwiritsa ntchito?Kodi chilengedwe cha mphamvu yamadzi pang'ono ndi yayikulu kapena yoyipa?Kodi mavuto a malo ena ang'onoang'ono opangira mphamvu zamagetsi ndi "tsoka lachilengedwe" losathetsedwa?Kodi magetsi ang'onoang'ono a madzi a dziko langa "agwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso"?Mafunso amenewa amafunikira kuganiza ndi mayankho asayansi ndi mwanzeru.
Kupanga mwamphamvu mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndikufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga mphamvu yatsopano yomwe imagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi mgwirizano ndikuchitapo kanthu kwa kusintha kwamphamvu kwapadziko lonse lapansi, komanso ndi chisankho chanzeru kuti dziko langa likwaniritse "carbon yapawiri. ” cholinga.
Mlembi wamkulu wa Xi Jinping adati pa Msonkhano Wofuna Zanyengo komanso Msonkhano waposachedwa wa Atsogoleri a Zanyengo kumapeto kwa chaka chatha: "Nthawi zopanda zinthu zakale zidzawerengera pafupifupi 25% yamagetsi oyambira mu 2030, komanso mphamvu zonse zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa ndi mphepo ndi dzuwa. mphamvu idzafikira ma kilowatts oposa 1.2 biliyoni."China ilamulira mosamalitsa ntchito zamalasha."
Kuti tikwaniritse izi ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa magetsi panthawi imodzimodziyo, kaya chuma cha hydropower cha dziko langa chikhoza kupangidwa bwino ndi kupangidwa choyamba chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.Zifukwa zake ndi izi:
Yoyamba ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za 25% za mphamvu zopanda mafuta mu 2030, ndipo mphamvu yamadzi ndiyofunikira.Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwamakampani, mu 2030, mphamvu yakutulutsa mphamvu ya dziko langa yosagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakale imayenera kupitilira ma kilowatt-maola 4.6 thililiyoni pachaka.Pofika nthawiyo, mphamvu ya mphepo ndi mphamvu ya solar idzaunjikana ma kilowatts 1.2 biliyoni, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamadzi yomwe ilipo, mphamvu ya nyukiliya ndi mphamvu zina zopangira mphamvu zopanda mafuta.Pali kusiyana kwa mphamvu pafupifupi 1 thililiyoni kilowatt-maola.M'malo mwake, mphamvu zopangira mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zitha kupangidwa m'dziko langa ndizokwera kwambiri ngati ma kilowatt-maola 3 thililiyoni pachaka.Zomwe zikuchitika panopa ndi zosakwana 44% (zofanana ndi kutaya kwa 1.7 trillion kilowatt-maola opangira mphamvu pachaka).Ngati ingathe kufika pa chiwerengero cha mayiko otukuka Kufikira 80% ya mlingo wa chitukuko cha mphamvu ya madzi akhoza kuwonjezera 1.1 thililiyoni kilowatt-maola amagetsi pachaka, zomwe sizimangodzaza malire a mphamvu, komanso zimawonjezera kwambiri mphamvu zathu zachitetezo cha madzi monga kusefukira kwa madzi. chitetezo ndi chilala, madzi ndi ulimi wothirira.Chifukwa chakuti mphamvu zoyendetsera madzi ndi madzi sizingasiyanitsidwe, mphamvu yoyendetsera ndi kuyang'anira madzi ndi yochepa kwambiri moti dziko langa silingathe kutsalira m'mbuyo mwa mayiko otukuka ku Ulaya ndi America.
Chachiwiri ndi kuthetsa vuto lachisawawa la mphamvu ya mphepo ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa, ndipo mphamvu ya hydropower ndi yosagwirizana.Mu 2030, gawo lamagetsi oyika mphepo ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa mu gridi yamagetsi lidzakwera kuchoka pa 25% kufika pa 40%.Mphamvu yamphepo ndi mphamvu yadzuwa zonse zimapanga mphamvu zapakatikati, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kukakhala kokulirapo, kumakulitsa zofunika pakusungirako magetsi a gridi.Pakati pa njira zonse zosungira mphamvu zamakono, kusungirako kupopera, komwe kuli ndi mbiri ya zaka zoposa zana limodzi, ndi luso lokhwima kwambiri, chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha zachuma, komanso kuthekera kwa chitukuko chachikulu.Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019, 93.4% ya ntchito zosungira mphamvu zapadziko lonse lapansi ndizosungirako zopopera, ndipo 50% ya mphamvu zoyikapo zosungirako zimayikidwa m'maiko otukuka ku Europe ndi America.Kugwiritsa ntchito "chitukuko chonse cha mphamvu yamadzi" monga "batire yapamwamba" pakukula kwakukulu kwa mphamvu yamphepo ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa ndikusandulika kukhala mphamvu yokhazikika komanso yowongoleredwa yapamwamba kwambiri ndizofunika kwambiri kwa atsogoleri omwe akuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon. .Pakali pano, dziko langa loyikapo mphamvu zosungirako zopopera zimakhala ndi 1.43% yokha ya gridi, zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri zomwe zimalepheretsa kukwaniritsa cholinga cha "carbon carbon".
Mphamvu zopangira magetsi zing'onozing'ono zimatengera gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a mphamvu zonse zopangira mphamvu zamadzi za dziko langa (zofanana ndi malo opangira magetsi a Three Gorges).Sikuti zopangira zake zokha zopangira magetsi komanso zochepetsera utsi sizinganyalanyazidwe, koma koposa zonse, mafakitale ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi madzi omwe amagawidwa m'dziko lonselo Atha kusinthidwa kukhala malo osungiramo magetsi osungiramo mphamvu ndikukhala gawo lofunikira lothandizira "dongosolo latsopano lamagetsi zimagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamphepo ndi mphamvu yadzuwa mu gridi."
Komabe, magetsi ang'onoang'ono a madzi a dziko langa akumana ndi zovuta za "kukula kumodzi kumagwirizana ndi kugwetsedwa konse" m'madera ena pamene mphamvu zopangira magetsi sizinakwaniritsidwe.Mayiko otukuka, omwe ndi otukuka kwambiri kuposa athu, akuvutikabe kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi ang'onoang'ono amadzi.Mwachitsanzo, mu April 2021, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa United States, Harris, ananena poyera kuti: “Nkhondo yapitayi inali yomenyera mafuta, ndipo nkhondo yotsatira inali yomenyera madzi.Biden ya zomangamanga za Biden imayang'ana kwambiri kasamalidwe ka madzi, zomwe zimabweretsa ntchito.Zimakhudzananso ndi zinthu zomwe timadalira pa moyo wathu.Kuika madzi mu “chinthu chamtengo wapatali” chimenechi kudzalimbitsa mphamvu ya dziko la United States.Switzerland, komwe kukula kwa mphamvu yamadzi ndi 97%, ichita zonse zotheka kuti igwiritse ntchito mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwa mtsinje kapena kutalika kwa dontho., Pomanga ngalande zazitali ndi mapaipi m'mphepete mwa mapiri, mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimamwazikana m'mapiri ndi mitsinje zidzakhazikika m'madamu ndiyeno zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, magetsi ang'onoang'ono amadzi amanenedwa kuti ndi omwe amayambitsa "kuwononga chilengedwe".Anthu ena anafika polimbikitsa kuti “malo onse ang’onoang’ono opangira magetsi pamadzi a m’mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Yangtze aphwanyidwe.”Kutsutsa mphamvu yamagetsi yaying'ono yamadzi kukuwoneka ngati "kwachilendo."
Mosasamala kanthu za ubwino waukulu wa chilengedwe cha mphamvu yamadzi yaing'ono yochepetsera mpweya wa kaboni m'dziko langa ndi "m'malo mwa nkhuni ndi magetsi" m'madera akumidzi, pali mfundo zingapo zomwe siziyenera kukhala zomveka ponena za chitetezo cha chilengedwe cha mitsinje. kuti maganizo a anthu akukhudzidwa.Ndikosavuta kulowa mu "umbuli wa chilengedwe" -kuwonani chiwonongeko ngati "chitetezo" ndikubwereranso ngati "chitukuko".
Chimodzi n’chakuti mtsinje umene umayenda mwachibadwa ndiponso wopanda zopinga zilizonse suli dalitso koma ndi tsoka kwa anthu.Anthu amakhala ndi madzi ndipo amalola mitsinje kuyenda momasuka, zomwe ziri zofanana ndi kulola kusefukira kwa madzi momasuka panthawi ya madzi okwera, ndikusiya mitsinje kuuma momasuka panthawi ya madzi ochepa.Ndi chifukwa chakuti chiwerengero cha zochitika ndi imfa za kusefukira kwa madzi ndi chilala ndizopamwamba kwambiri pakati pa masoka achilengedwe onse, ulamuliro wa kusefukira kwa mitsinje wakhala ukuwonedwa ngati nkhani yaikulu ya ulamuliro ku China ndi kunja.Ukadaulo wamagetsi ogwetsera pansi komanso magetsi amadzi wapanga kudumpha bwino pakutha kuwongolera kusefukira kwa mitsinje.Kusefukira kwa mitsinje ndi kusefukira kwamadzi zakhala zikuwonedwa ngati mphamvu zowononga zachilengedwe zosatsutsika kuyambira kalekale, ndipo zakhala ulamuliro wa anthu., Gwirizanitsani mphamvu ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yopindulitsa kwa anthu (kuthirira minda, pita patsogolo, etc.).Choncho, kumanga madamu ndi kutsekera madzi opangira malo ndikupita patsogolo kwa chitukuko cha anthu, ndipo kuchotsedwa kwa madamu onse kudzalola anthu kubwerera ku chikhalidwe chankhanza "chodalira kumwamba kaamba ka chakudya, kusiya ntchito, ndi kungokhala chete ku chilengedwe".
Chachiwiri, chilengedwe chabwino cha mayiko otukuka ndi zigawo makamaka chifukwa cha kumanga madamu a mitsinje ndi chitukuko chonse cha mphamvu yamadzi.Pakali pano, kuwonjezera pa kumanga malo osungiramo madzi ndi madamu, anthu alibe njira ina yothetsera kusagwirizana kwa kugaŵikana kosagwirizana kwa madzi achilengedwe panthaŵi ndi mlengalenga.Kutha kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira zotengera zamadzi zomwe zimadziwika ndi kukula kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yamadzi komanso kuchuluka kwa kusungirako kwa munthu kulibe padziko lonse lapansi.Line", m'malo mwake, ndipamwamba kwambiri.Mayiko otukuka ku Ulaya ndi United States kwenikweni anamaliza kugwetsa chitukuko cha mtsinje hydropower kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 20, ndi avareji mlingo wawo chitukuko cha mphamvu ya madzi ndi pa munthu mphamvu yosungirako ndi kawiri ndi kasanu dziko langa, motero.Kuyeserera kwatsimikizira kwa nthawi yayitali kuti ma projekiti a hydropower si "kutsekereza matumbo" a mitsinje, koma "minofu ya sphincter" yofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi.Mlingo wa chitukuko cha cascade hydropower ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa wa Danube, Rhine, Columbia, Mississippi, Tennessee ndi mitsinje ina yayikulu yaku Europe ndi America yamtsinje wa Yangtze, yonse yomwe ili yokongola, yotukuka pazachuma, komanso malo ogwirizana ndi anthu ndi madzi. .
Chachitatu ndi kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi ndi kusokonezeka kwa chigawo cha mitsinje chifukwa cha kuchedwetsa pang'ono kwa mphamvu yamadzi, komwe ndiko kusayendetsa bwino m'malo mokhala ndi vuto lobadwa nalo.Diversion hydropower station ndi mtundu waukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu zamadzi zomwe zafala kunyumba ndi kunja.Chifukwa cha kumangidwa koyambirira kwa mapulojekiti ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira madzi m'dziko langa, kukonzekera ndi kupanga sikunali kokwanira kwasayansi.Panthawiyo, panalibe chidziwitso ndi njira zoyendetsera ntchito zowonetsetsa kuti "chilengedwe chikuyenda", zomwe zinachititsa kuti madzi azigwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mphamvu zamagetsi ndi gawo la mtsinje pakati pa zomera ndi madamu (makamaka makilomita angapo m'litali).Chochitika cha kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi ndi kuuma kwa mitsinje pamakilomita angapo) chatsutsidwa kwambiri ndi malingaliro a anthu.Mosakayikira, kutaya madzi m'thupi ndi madzi owuma sikuli kwabwino kwa chilengedwe cha mitsinje, koma kuthetsa vutoli, sitingathe kumenya bolodi, kuyambitsa ndi kusokoneza, ndikuyika ngolo patsogolo pa kavalo.Mfundo ziwiri ziyenera kumveketsedwa bwino: Choyamba, malo achilengedwe a dziko langa amatsimikizira kuti mitsinje yambiri imakhala ya nyengo.Ngakhale kulibe malo opangira magetsi opangira magetsi, mtsinje wamtsinjewu udzakhala wopanda madzi komanso wouma nthawi yachilimwe (ichi ndichifukwa chake China yakale komanso yamakono komanso mayiko akunja adapereka chidwi chapadera pakumanga malo osungira madzi komanso kudzikundikira kochulukirapo komanso kuuma).Madzi saipitsa madzi, komanso kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi ndi kudulidwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamtundu wina kumatha kuthetsedwa kudzera mukusintha kwaukadaulo ndi kuyang'anira kolimbikitsidwa.M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, magetsi ang'onoang'ono amtundu wamtundu wapamadzi amaliza kusintha kwaukadaulo kwa "maola 24 mosalekeza kutulutsa kwachilengedwe", ndikukhazikitsa njira yowunikira nthawi yeniyeni pa intaneti ndi nsanja.
Choncho, pakufunika mwachangu kumvetsetsa kufunika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yaing'ono yamadzi ku chitetezo cha chilengedwe cha mitsinje yaying'ono ndi yaying'ono: sikuti zimangotsimikizira kuyenda kwachilengedwe kwa mtsinje woyambirira, komanso kumachepetsa zoopsa za kusefukira kwamadzi, komanso imakwaniritsanso zofunika pamoyo wa madzi ndi ulimi wothirira.Pakalipano, magetsi ang'onoang'ono amadzi amatha kupanga magetsi pamene madzi achuluka pambuyo poonetsetsa kuti mtsinjewo ukuyenda bwino.Ndi chifukwa chenicheni cha kukhalapo kwa malo opangira magetsi otsetsereka kotero kuti malo otsetsereka oyambirirawo ndi otsetsereka kwambiri ndipo n’kovuta kusunga madzi kusiyapo m’nyengo yamvula.M'malo mwake, amaponderezedwa.Nthaka imasunga madzi ndikuwongolera kwambiri zachilengedwe.Mtundu wamagetsi ang'onoang'ono opangira madzi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yowonetsetsa kuti midzi ndi matauni ang'onoang'ono ndi apakati akukhala ndi moyo komanso kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira madzi a mitsinje yaing'ono ndi yapakati.Chifukwa cha zovuta za kusamalidwa bwino kwa malo ena opangira magetsi, magetsi ang'onoang'ono onse amadzi amaphwanyidwa mokakamiza, zomwe ndi zokayikitsa.
Boma lalikulu lanena momveka bwino kuti kukwera pamwamba pa kaboni ndi kusalowerera ndale kwa kaboni ziyenera kuphatikizidwa pamakonzedwe onse a chitukuko cha chilengedwe.Munthawi ya "14th 5-year Plan", ntchito yotukuka m'dziko langa idzayang'ana kwambiri kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon ngati njira yofunika kwambiri.Tiyenera kutsatira mosasunthika njira yachitukuko chapamwamba kwambiri ndi chilengedwe, chobiriwira komanso chotsika cha carbon.Chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi chitukuko cha zachuma ndizogwirizana komanso zogwirizana.
Momwe maboma ang'onoang'ono akuyenera kumvetsetsa ndikutsata ndondomeko ndi zofunikira za boma lalikulu.Fujian Xiadang Small Hydropower yamasulira bwino izi.
Tawuni ya Xiadang ku Ningde, Fujian inali tawuni yosauka kwambiri komanso "Matauni Asanu Opanda misewu" (palibe misewu, madzi oyenda, magetsi, ndalama, maofesi a boma) kum'mawa kwa Fujian.Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a m’deralo pomanga malo opangira magetsi kuli “kofanana ndi kugwira nkhuku yokhoza kuikira mazira.”Mu 1989, pamene chuma cha m’deralo chinali chovuta kwambiri, Komiti ya Ningde Prefectural Committee inapereka ma yuan 400,000 kuti amange magetsi ang’onoang’ono apamadzi.Kuyambira pamenepo, chipani chapansichi chatsanzikana ndi mbiri ya nsungwi ndi kuyatsa kwa utomoni wa paini.Kuthirira kwa minda yopitilira maekala 2,000 kudathetsedwanso, ndipo anthu ayamba kusinkhasinkha njira yopezera chuma, kupanga mafakitale awiri a tiyi ndi zokopa alendo.Ndi kuwongolera kwa moyo wa anthu komanso kufunikira kwa magetsi, Kampani ya Xiadang Small Hydropower Company yakulitsa bwino ndikukweza ndikusintha kangapo.Malo opangira magetsi amtundu wamtunduwu "owononga mtsinje ndi kuzungulira madzi opangira malo" tsopano akutulutsidwa mosalekeza kwa maola 24.Kuyenda kwachilengedwe kumapangitsa kuti mitsinje yakumunsi ikhale yomveka bwino komanso yosalala, ikuwonetsa chithunzi chokongola cha kuthetsa umphawi, kukonzanso kumidzi, ndi chitukuko chobiriwira ndi chochepa cha carbon.Kukula kwa magetsi ang'onoang'ono opangira madzi kuti ayendetse chuma cha chipani chimodzi, kuteteza chilengedwe, ndi kupindulitsa anthu a chipani chimodzi ndikofanana ndendende ndi chiwonetsero cha mphamvu yamagetsi yapamadzi m'madera ambiri akumidzi ndi akutali a dziko lathu.
Komabe, m'madera ena a dziko, "kuchotsa magetsi ang'onoang'ono padziko lonse lapansi" ndi "kufulumizitsa kuchotsedwa kwa magetsi ang'onoang'ono amadzimadzi" amaonedwa ngati "kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe ndi kuteteza chilengedwe".Mchitidwe umenewu wadzetsa mavuto aakulu pa chitukuko cha zachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, ndipo chisamaliro chachangu chiyenera kuchitidwa ndipo kukonzanso kuyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga.Mwachitsanzo:
Choyamba ndi kukwirira zoopsa zazikulu zachitetezo chachitetezo cha miyoyo ndi katundu wa anthu amderalo.Pafupifupi 90% ya kulephera kwa madamu padziko lonse lapansi kumachitika m'madamu osungira opanda malo opangira magetsi.Mchitidwe wosunga damu la mosungiramo madzi koma kugwetsa gawo la mphamvu ya madzi kumaphwanya sayansi ndipo zikufanana ndi kutaya chitsimikizo chachitetezo champhamvu kwambiri pankhani yaukadaulo komanso kasamalidwe ka chitetezo cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha damulo.
Chachiwiri, madera omwe akwaniritsa kale chiwongola dzanja chamagetsi amagetsi ayenera kuwonjezera mphamvu ya malasha kuti athetse kuchepa.Boma lalikulu likufuna kuti madera omwe ali ndi mikhalidwe atsogolere kukwaniritsa cholinga chofikira pachimake.Kuchotsedwa kwa magetsi ang'onoang'ono padziko lonse lapansi kudzawonjezera kupezeka kwa malasha ndi magetsi m'madera omwe zinthu zachilengedwe sizili bwino, mwinamwake padzakhala kusiyana kwakukulu, ndipo malo ena akhoza kuvutika ndi kusowa kwa magetsi.
Chachitatu ndi kuwononga kwambiri malo achilengedwe ndi madambo ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu zopewera masoka ndi kuchepetsa kumapiri.Ndi kuchotsedwa kwa magetsi ang'onoang'ono opangira madzi, malo ambiri owoneka bwino, malo osungiramo madambo, mbalame zam'madzi ndi malo ena osowa mbalame omwe amadalira malo osungiramo madzi sadzakhalakonso.Popanda kutaya mphamvu kwa malo opangira magetsi opangira magetsi, sizingatheke kuchepetsa kukokoloka ndi kukokoloka kwa zigwa zamapiri ndi mitsinje, ndipo masoka achilengedwe monga kugumuka kwa nthaka ndi matope adzawonjezekanso.
Chachinayi, kubwereka ndi kugwetsa malo opangira magetsi kungayambitse mavuto azachuma komanso kusokoneza bata.Kuchotsedwa kwa magetsi ang'onoang'ono opangira madzi kudzafuna ndalama zambiri za chipukuta misozi, zomwe zidzaika maboma ambiri osauka omwe angovula zipewa zawo pa ngongole zazikulu.Ngati chipukuta misozi sichinafike pa nthawi yake, ndiye kuti chiwongoladzanja chidzagwa.Pakalipano, pakhala mikangano yamagulu ndi zochitika zoteteza ufulu m'madera ena.
Mphamvu ya Hydropower si mphamvu yoyera yokha yomwe imadziwika ndi anthu padziko lonse lapansi, komanso ili ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka madzi ndi ntchito yolamulira yomwe sungalowe m'malo ndi ntchito ina iliyonse.Mayiko otukuka ku Ulaya ndi United States sanalowepo mu “nthawi ya kugwetsa madamu”.M'malo mwake, zili choncho chifukwa kukula kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yamadzi ndi mphamvu zosungiramo munthu aliyense ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa dziko lathu.Limbikitsani kusintha kwa "100% mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa mu 2050" ndi zotsika mtengo komanso zokwera kwambiri.
M'zaka khumi zapitazi, chifukwa cha kusokeretsa kwa "ziwanda za mphamvu yamadzi," kamvedwe ka anthu ambiri pazamagetsi opangidwa ndi madzi akadali otsika kwambiri.Ntchito zina zazikulu zopangira magetsi pamadzi zokhudzana ndi chuma cha dziko komanso moyo wa anthu zathetsedwa kapena kuthedwa nzeru.Chotsatira chake, dziko langa lamakono lamakono la madzi kulamulira mphamvu ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a mlingo wapakati wa mayiko otukuka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe alipo pa munthu aliyense wakhala ali mu "kusowa kwa madzi kwambiri" ndi mayiko, ndipo Yangtze River Basin ikukumana ndi vuto la kusefukira kwa madzi komanso nkhondo ya kusefukira pafupifupi chaka chilichonse.kupanikizika.Ngati kusokonezedwa kwa "demonization of hydropower" sikungathetsedwe, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti tikwaniritse cholinga cha "dual carbon" chifukwa chosowa chopereka kuchokera ku hydropower.
Kaya ndikusunga chitetezo cha madzi mdziko ndi chakudya, kapena kukwaniritsa kudzipereka kwadziko langa ku cholinga chapadziko lonse cha "dual-carbon", chitukuko cha mphamvu yamadzi sichingachedwenso.Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyeretsa ndikusintha makampani ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira madzi, koma sizingachuluke komanso kukhudza momwe zinthu ziliri, ndipo sizingachitike m'mbali zonse, osasiyapo kuletsa kukula kwamagetsi ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri.Pali kufunika kofulumira kubwerera ku kulingalira kwasayansi, kugwirizanitsa mgwirizano wa anthu, kupeŵa njira zopotoka ndi njira zolakwika, ndi kulipira ndalama zosafunikira zamagulu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-14-2021
