Kusakhazikika kwa hydraulic turbine unit kumabweretsa kugwedezeka kwa hydraulic turbine unit.Kugwedezeka kwa hydraulic turbine unit kumakhala koopsa, kumakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa komanso kukhudza chitetezo cha mbewu yonse.Chifukwa chake, miyeso yokhazikika yokhazikika ya hydraulic turbine ndiyofunikira kwambiri.Ndi njira zotani zokwaniritsira zomwe zilipo?
1) Konzani mosalekeza mapangidwe a hydraulic a turbine yamadzi, sinthani mawonekedwe ake pamapangidwe a turbine yamadzi, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina opangira madzi akugwira ntchito mokhazikika.Choncho, mu ntchito yeniyeni yopangira, okonza samangofunika kukhala ndi chidziwitso cholimba cha akatswiri, komanso amayesetsa kukonzanso mapangidwewo pamodzi ndi zochitika zawo za ntchito.
Pakadali pano, ma computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ndi mayeso achitsanzo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Mu kamangidwe siteji, mlengi ayenera kuphatikiza zinachitikira ntchito, ntchito CFD ndi chitsanzo mayeso mu ntchito, nthawi zonse konza kalozera vane airfoil, wothamanga tsamba airfoil ndi kumaliseche chulucho, ndi kuyesa momveka kulamulira kuthamanga kusinthasintha matalikidwe a draft chubu.Pakali pano, palibe muyezo umodzi wa matalikidwe osiyanasiyana a kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwa chubu padziko lapansi.Nthawi zambiri, liwiro lozungulira la malo opangira magetsi apamwamba ndi lotsika ndipo matalikidwe a vibration ndi ochepa, koma liwiro lenileni la malo opangira magetsi ndi lalitali ndipo kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kumakhala kwakukulu.
2) Limbikitsani kayendetsedwe kabwino ka zinthu za turbine zamadzi ndikuwongolera mulingo wokonza.Mu gawo la mapangidwe a hydraulic turbine, kulimbikitsa kuwongolera kwamtundu wa hydraulic turbine ndi njira yofunikira yopititsira patsogolo kukhazikika kwake.Chifukwa chake, choyamba, kuuma kwa gawo lolowera gawo la hydraulic turbine kuyenera kukonzedwa kuti muchepetse kusinthika kwake pansi pa hydraulic action.Kuphatikiza apo, wopangayo akuyeneranso kuganizira mozama za kuthekera kwa ma frequency a resonance of draft chubu yachilengedwe komanso ma frequency a flow vortex band ndi othamanga ma frequency achilengedwe pakulemedwa kochepa.
Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lakusintha kwa tsamba liyenera kupangidwa mwasayansi.Pofuna kulimbikitsa mizu ya tsamba, njira yowunikira yomaliza iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kupsinjika.Mu gawo la kupanga othamanga, njira yopangira mwamphamvu iyenera kutengedwa, ndipo zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthuzo.Pomaliza, mapulogalamu amitundu itatu amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mawonekedwe othamanga ndikuwongolera makulidwe a tsamba.Wothamanga atakonzedwa, kuyezetsa koyenera kuchitidwa kuti apewe kupatuka kwa kulemera ndikuwongolera bwino.Kuti mutsimikizire bwino mtundu wa hydraulic turbine, kukonza kwake pambuyo pake kuyenera kulimbikitsidwa.
Izi ndi zina mwa njira zokhazikitsira kukhathamiritsa kwa hydraulic turbine unit.Kuti kukhathamiritsa kwamphamvu kwa hydraulic turbine, tiyenera kuyambira pamapangidwe, kuphatikizira momwe zinthu ziliri komanso luso lantchito, ndikuwongolera nthawi zonse ndikuwongolera pakuyesa kwachitsanzo.Kuphatikiza apo, ndi njira zotani zomwe tili nazo kuti tikwaniritse kukhazikika kogwiritsidwa ntchito?Tiyeni tipitilize m’nkhani yotsatila.
Momwe mungasinthire ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kwa mayunitsi a hydro jenereta omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pogwiritsa ntchito turbine yamadzi, masamba ake, othamanga ndi zigawo zina zidzavutika pang'onopang'ono ndi cavitation ndi abrasion.Choncho, m'pofunika kuzindikira ndi kukonza makina opangira madzi nthawi zonse.Pakalipano, njira yodziwika kwambiri yokonzekera pokonza makina opangira magetsi a hydraulic ndi kukonza kuwotcherera.Mu yeniyeni kukonza kuwotcherera ntchito, tiyenera nthawi zonse kulabadira mapindikidwe opunduka zigawo zikuluzikulu.Ntchito yowotcherera ikamalizidwa, tiyeneranso kuyesa osawononga ndikupukuta pamwamba pake.
Kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe ka tsiku ndi tsiku kwa hydropower station ndikoyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti ma hydraulic turbine unit akuyenda bwino, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ake komanso magwiridwe antchito.
① Kayendetsedwe ka ma turbine amadzi aziyendetsedwa motsatira malamulo adziko lonse.Malo opangira mphamvu ya Hydropower nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ntchito yosinthira pafupipafupi komanso kumeta kwambiri pamakina.M'kanthawi kochepa, maola ogwirira ntchito kunja kwa magawo otsimikizika ogwirira ntchito sangalephereke.Pogwira ntchito, maola ogwira ntchito kunja kwa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ayenera kuyendetsedwa pafupifupi 5% momwe angathere.
② Pansi pa momwe makina opangira madzi amagwirira ntchito, malo ogwedezeka amayenera kupewedwa momwe angathere.Francis turbine nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi malo amodzi ogwedezeka kapena magawo awiri ogwedera, kotero poyambira ndi kutseka kwa turbine, njira yowolokera imatha kutengedwa kuti mupewe kugwedezeka komwe kungathekere.Kuonjezera apo, pa ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya makina opangira madzi, chiwerengero cha kuyambitsa ndi kutseka chiyenera kuchepetsedwa momwe zingathere.Chifukwa poyambira ndi kutseka pafupipafupi, kuthamanga kwa turbine ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi kudzasintha mosalekeza, ndipo chodabwitsa ichi sichikuyenda bwino kukhazikika kwa unit.
③ M'nthawi yatsopano, sayansi ndi ukadaulo zikukula mwachangu.Pantchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya malo opangira magetsi opangira magetsi, njira zodziwikiratu zotsogola ziyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyang'anira momwe ma turbine amagetsi amagwirira ntchito munthawi yeniyeni kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwa makina opangira madzi.
Izi ndi njira zopezera kukhazikika kwa mayunitsi a hydro jenereta.Pakukhazikitsa kwenikweni njira zokwaniritsira, tiyenera kupanga mwasayansi komanso moyenera dongosolo lokonzekera bwino malinga ndi momwe tilili.Kuphatikiza apo, pakukonzanso ndi kukonza bwino, samalani ngati pali zovuta mu stator, rotor ndi kalozera wagawo la turbine yamadzi, kuti mupewe kugwedezeka kwa makina opangira madzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-24-2021
