1. Kodi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya zinthu zowongolera ndi zosintha pakupanga makina ndi chiyani?Kodi mungamvetse bwanji kupatuka kovomerezeka kwa kukhazikitsa zida za electromechanical?
Yankho: chinthu: 1) ndege yathyathyathya, yopingasa komanso yowongoka.2) Kuzungulira, malo apakati ndi digiri yapakati ya cylindrical surface palokha.3) Malo osalala, opingasa, ofukula ndi apakati a shaft.4) Mayendedwe a gawo pa ndege yopingasa.5) Kukwera (kukwera) kwa magawo.6) chilolezo pakati pa nkhope, etc.
Kuti mudziwe kupatuka kovomerezeka kwa kukhazikitsa zida za electromechanical, kudalirika kwa ntchito ya unit ndi kuphweka kwa kukhazikitsa kuyenera kuganiziridwa.Ngati kupatukana kovomerezeka kwa kukhazikitsa kuli kochepa kwambiri, ntchito yokonza ndi kusintha idzakhala yovuta ndipo nthawi yokonza ndi kukonzanso idzatalikitsidwa;Ngati chololeka unsembe kupatuka ndi lalikulu kwambiri, izo kuchepetsa unsembe kulondola ndi ntchito chitetezo ndi kudalirika wa calibration wagawo, ndi zimakhudza mwachindunji m'badwo mphamvu yachibadwa.
2. Chifukwa chiyani cholakwika cha sikweya sikweya chitha kuthetsedwa potembenuza muyeso?
Yankho: tiyerekeze kuti mapeto amodzi a mlingo ndi a ndipo mapeto ena ndi B, ndipo kulakwitsa kwake kumapangitsa kuti thovulo lisunthike kumapeto (kumanzere) ndi M. poyeza mlingo wa zigawo ndi mlingo uwu, cholakwika chake chimapangitsa kuti thovulo lisunthike kumapeto (kumanzere) ndi M. pambuyo potembenuka, cholakwika chake chomwe chimapangitsa kuti thovulo lipitirirebe kumapeto (kumanja panthawiyi) ndi kuchuluka komweko kwa maselo. , kumbali ina, yomwe ili - m, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito chilinganizo δ= Pakuwerengera (a1 + A2) / 2 * c * D, chiwerengero cha maselo osunthika ndi kuwira chifukwa cha zolakwika zake zimathetsana. , yomwe ilibe mphamvu pa chiwerengero cha maselo osunthika ndi kuwira chifukwa cha msinkhu wosagwirizana wa zigawozo, kotero zotsatira za cholakwika cha chida pa muyeso zimachotsedwa.
3. Fotokozani mwachidule za kukonza ndi kusintha zinthu ndi njira kukhazikitsa draft chubu liner?
Yankho njira: choyamba, lembani malo a X, – x, y, – Y olamulira pa chapamwamba kutsegula kwa akalowa.Ikani chimango chapakati chokwera pamalo pomwe konkire mu dzenje la makina ndi yayikulu kuposa utali wa bwalo lakunja kwa mphete yokhazikika, sunthani mzere wapakati ndi kukwera kwa gawolo kupita kumalo okwera, ndikupachika mizere ya piyano mkati. x-axis ndi y-axis pa ndege yopingasa yopingasa yofanana ya chimango chapakati chokwera ndi X ndi y-axis.Pali kusiyana kwina kwautali pakati pa mizere iwiri ya piyano, malo okwera atakhazikitsidwa ndikuyankhidwanso, Center liner iyenera kuyezedwa ndikusinthidwa.Mangani nyundo zinayi zolemera pamalo pomwe mzere wa piyano umayenderana ndi chilemba chomwe chili pa khomo la chitoliro pa mzera, sinthani jack ndi machira kuti agwirizane nsonga ya nyundo yolemera ndi chilemba chomwe chili pamtunda wa chitoliro chapamwamba.Panthawiyi, pakati pa chitoliro cha chitoliro pazitsulo chimagwirizana ndi pakati pa unit.Yezerani mtunda kuchokera pamalo otsikitsitsa a chitoliro chapamwamba kupita pamzere wa piyano ndi chowongolera chachitsulo.Chotsani mtunda kuchokera pamalo okwera a mzere wa piyano kuti ukhale kukwezeka kwenikweni kwa chitoliro chakumtunda kwa chiwombankhanga, ndiyeno sinthani kudzera pa zomangira kapena mbale za wedge kuti mukweze kansaluyo mkati mwa mpata wololedwa wopatuka.
4. Kodi mungasonkhanitse bwanji ndikuyika mphete yapansi ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba?
Yankho: choyamba kwezani mphete pansi pa ndege yapansi ya mphete yotsalira, sinthani pakati pa mphete yapansi ndi mbale yamphepete molingana ndi kusiyana pakati pa mphete yapansi ndi dziwe lachiwiri pakamwa la mphete yotsalira, ndiyeno mukweze theka la mphete yotsalira. zosunthika kalozera vane symmetrically molingana ndi chiwerengero kuonetsetsa kuti kalozera vane akhoza atembenuza flexibilitet ndi kupendekeka mozungulira, apo ayi kuthana ndi anabowola awiri a chitsamba chobala, ndiyeno kulinyamula mu chivundikiro pamwamba ndi manja.Tengani pakati pa mphete yotayira yokhazikika yokhazikika ngati benchmark, tambani mzere wapakati wa turbine yamadzi, yesani pakati ndi kuzungulira kwa mphete yotayikira yakumtunda, ndikusintha malo apakati a chivundikiro chapamwamba kuti kusiyana pakati pawo. utali uliwonse ndi pafupifupi sadzapitirira ± 10% ya kapangidwe chilolezo cha kutayikira mphete.Pambuyo kusintha pamwamba chivundikiro anamaliza, kumangitsa ophatikizana mabawuti a pamwamba chivundikirocho ndi kukhala mphete.Kenako yesani ndikusintha coaxiality ya mphete yapansi ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba.Pomaliza, ingosinthani mphete yapansi potengera chivundikiro chapamwamba.Penyani kusiyana pakati pa mphete yapansi ndi pakamwa lachitatu la dziwe la mphete yotsalira ndi mbale ya wedge, sinthani kayendedwe kake ka mphete yapansi, sinthani kayendedwe kake ka axial ndi ma jacks anayi, yesani kusiyana pakati pa nkhope zakumtunda ndi zapansi za wotsogolera vane kuti apange △ kukulirapo ≈ △ kucheperako, ndi kuyeza kusiyana pakati pa chitsamba chonyamula manja cha kalozera ndi magazini kuti chikhale mkati mololedwa.Kenako boworani mabowo pachivundikiro chapamwamba ndi mphete yapansi molingana ndi chojambulacho, ndipo chivundikiro chapamwamba ndi mphete yapansi zimasonkhanitsidwa.
5. Momwe mungalumikizire gawo lozungulira la turbine pambuyo pokwezedwa mu dzenje la turbine?
Yankho: sinthani malo apakati kaye, sinthani kusiyana pakati pa mphete yoyimitsa yozungulira yozungulira komanso pakamwa lachinayi la dziwe la mphete yotsalira, kwezani mphete yoyimitsa yotsika, yendetsani pini, limbitsani bawuti molingana, yesani kusiyana. pakati pa mphete yoyimitsa kutayikira yotsika komanso mphete yoyimitsa yotsika yotsika yokhala ndi choyezera, sinthani bwino malo apakati a wothamanga ndi jack molingana ndi kusiyana kwake, ndikuwunika kusintha kwake ndi chizindikiro choyimba.Kenako sinthani mulingowo, ikani mulingo pamalo anayi x, - x, y ndi - Y pa flange pamwamba pa shaft yayikulu ya turbine, kenako sinthani mbale yamphepo pansi pa wothamanga kuti apatuke mopingasa pamwamba pa flange. mkati mwaololedwa.
6. Fotokozani njira yokhazikitsira wamba pambuyo pokweza gudumu la jenereta yoyimitsidwa ya hydro?
Yankho: 1) kuthira maziko gawo II konkire;2) Chapamwamba chimango hoisting;3) Kuyika kwa thrust bear;4) Kusintha kwa olamulira a jenereta;5) kugwirizana kwa spindle 6) kusintha kwa olamulira ambiri a unit;7) Kukakamiza kusintha kwa thrust pad;8) Konzani pakati pa gawo lozungulira;9) Ikani kalozera wonyamula;10) Ikani exciter ndi makina okhazikika maginito;11) Ikani zowonjezera zina;
7. Njira yoyika ndi masitepe a nsapato zowongolera madzi akufotokozedwa.
Yankho: njira yoyika 1) sinthani malo oyikapo molingana ndi chilolezo chomwe chafotokozedwa pamapangidwe a kalozera wamadzi, kugwedezeka kwa axis unit ndi malo a shaft yayikulu;2) Ikani nsapato zowongolera madzi molingana ndi kapangidwe kake;3) Pambuyo pozindikira chilolezo chosinthidwa, sinthani ndi jack kapena mphero mbale;
8. Kuopsa ndi chithandizo cha shaft panopa akufotokozedwa mwachidule.
A: zovulaza: chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa shaft pano, kukokoloka kwakung'ono kumapangidwa pakati pa magazini ndi chitsamba choberekera, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti alloy alowe pang'onopang'ono kumamatira m'magazini, kumawononga ntchito yabwino ya chitsamba chonyamula, kumayambitsa kutenthedwa. kunyamula, ndipo ngakhale kusungunula aloyi;Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali ya electrolysis yapano, mafuta opaka mafuta amawonongeka, akuda, amachepetsa magwiridwe antchito ndikuwonjezera kutentha.Chithandizo: Pofuna kupewa kukokoloka kwa shaft pakali pano pa chitsamba chobala, kunyamula kuyenera kupatulidwa ndi maziko ndi kutchinjiriza kuti mudulire dera lomwe lilipo.Nthawi zambiri, zitsulo za mbali ya exciter (zolowera ndi zowongolera), cholandirira mafuta ndi zingwe za waya wowongolera zizikhala zotsekedwa, ndipo zomangira zothandizira ndi zikhomo zizikhala ndi manja otsekereza.Insulation yonse iyenera kuumitsidwa pasadakhale.Pambuyo poyikapo, kutsekemera kwazitsulo pansi kudzayang'aniridwa ndi 500V megger ndipo sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa 0.5 megohm.
9. Fotokozani mwachidule cholinga ndi njira yosinthira magawo.
Yankho: Cholinga: popeza galasi leniweni mbale mikangano pamwamba sadzakhala mwamtheradi perpendicular kwa olamulira unit, ndi olamulira palokha si abwino mzere wolunjika, pamene unit azungulira, unit pakati mzere adzapatuka pa mzere pakati, ndi axis idzayesedwa ndi kusinthidwa potembenuza ndi chizindikiro choyimba, kuti muwunikire chomwe chimayambitsa, kukula kwake ndi momwe ma axis akugwedezeka.The non perpendicularity pakati pa mikangano pamwamba pa galasi mbale ndi olamulira, ndi flange kuphatikiza pamwamba ndi olamulira akhoza kukonzedwa ndi kukanda zogwirizana osakaniza pamwamba, ndi kugwedezeka akhoza kuchepetsedwa osiyanasiyana chololeka.
Njira:
1) kutembenuka kwamakina, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi chingwe chachitsulo chachitsulo ndi pulley ndi crane ya mlatho mu chomera ngati mphamvu.
2) Direct panopa amalowetsedwa mu stator ndi rotor windings kuti apange electromagnetic mphamvu yokoka njira - magetsi kutembenuza zida 3) kwa mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono, manual kutembenuza zida angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuyendetsa unit kuti azungulire pang'onopang'ono - Buku kutembenuza zida 10. Fotokozani mwachidule. njira yokonza yodzikongoletsera yokha yosindikizira madzi yokhala ndi chophimba cha mpweya ndi nkhope yomaliza.
Yankho: 1) lembani malo a gawo lowonongeka pamtengowo, chotsani gawo lomwe lawonongeka ndikuyang'ana kuvala kwa mbale yachitsulo chophwanyika.Ngati pali burr kapena groove yozama, imatha kupukutidwa ndi mwala wamafuta mozungulira mozungulira.Ngati pali groove yakuya kapena kavalidwe kowoneka bwino kapena kavalidwe, iyenera kusinthidwa.
2) Chotsani mbale yosindikizira, lembani mndandanda wa midadada ya nayiloni, chotsani midadada ya nayiloni ndikuyang'ana kuvala.Ngati chithandizo chikufunika, zonse ziyenera kupanikizidwa ndi mbale zosindikizira ndikuzipanga pamodzi, ndiye kuti zizindikiro zokonzekera zidzasungidwa ndi fayilo, ndipo pamwamba pazitsulo za nayiloni ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndi nsanja.Zotsatira pambuyo pokanda zimakwaniritsa zofunikira
3) Sulani chisindikizo chapamwamba chosindikizira ndikuwona ngati zonyamula za rabara zavala.Ngati zatha, sinthani ndi zatsopano.4) Chotsani kasupe, chotsani matope ndi dzimbiri, ndipo yang'anani kupsinjika kwa psinjika imodzi ndi imodzi.Ngati pulasitiki deformation ikuchitika, m'malo mwake ndi yatsopano
5) Chotsani chitoliro cha mpweya wolowetsa mpweya ndi cholumikizira cha nsalu ya mpweya, masulani chivundikiro chosindikizira, chotsani chophimbacho, ndikuyang'ana kuvala kwa nsalu.Ngati pali zovala zapanyumba kapena zotayikira, zitha kuthandizidwa ndi kukonza kotentha.
6) Chotsani pini yopezera ndikuchotsa mphete yapakatikati.Chotsani zigawo zonse musanayike.
11. Kodi ndi njira ziti zozindikirira kusokoneza koyenera kulumikizana?Ubwino wa njira ya manja otentha ndi iti?
Yankho: pali njira ziwiri: 1) akanikizire mu njira;2) Njira yotentha ya manja;Ubwino: 1) imatha kuyikidwa popanda kukakamiza;2) Pamsonkhano, nsonga zotuluka pamtunda sizimapukutidwa ndi mikangano ya axial, yomwe imathandizira kwambiri kulimba kwa kulumikizana;
12. Fotokozani mwachidule za kukonza ndi kusintha zinthu ndi njira zokhazikitsira mphete yokhazikika?
A: (1) kukonza ndi kusintha zinthu monga: (a) pakati;(b) Kukwezeka;(c) Mlingo
(2) Njira yowongolera ndikusintha:
(a) Muyezo wapakati ndi kusintha: mphete yokhazikika ikakwezedwa ndikuyiyika mokhazikika, tambasulani mzere wa piyano wa unit, ponyani nyundo zinayi zolemera pamzere wa piyano wokokedwa pamwamba pa zilembo za X, – x, y, – Y pa mphete yotsalira ndi flange pamwamba, ndipo muwone ngati nsonga ya nyundo yolemera ikugwirizana ndi chizindikiro chapakati;Ngati sichoncho, sinthani malo a mphete yokhala ndi zida zonyamulira kuti ikhale yofanana.
(b) Muyezo wa kukwera ndi kusintha: kuyeza mtunda kuchokera pa flange pamwamba pa mphete yokhazikika mpaka pamtanda wa piyano ndi chowongolera chachitsulo.Ngati sichikukwaniritsa zofunikira, ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi mbale yapansi ya wedge.
(c) Muyezo wopingasa ndi kusintha: gwiritsani ntchito mtengo wopingasa ndi masikweya mulingo kuti muyeze pamphepete mwa mphete yokhazikika.Malingana ndi muyeso ndi zotsatira zowerengera, gwiritsani ntchito mbale yomwe ili pansipa kuti musinthe.Pamene mukukonzekera, sungani ma bolts.Ndipo yesani mobwerezabwereza ndikusintha mpaka kulimba kwa bawuti kuli kofanana ndipo mulingowo ukukwaniritsa zofunikira.
13. Kodi kudziwa pakati pa turbine Francis?
Yankho: pakatikati pa turbine ya Francis nthawi zambiri amatsimikiziridwa kutengera kukwera kwa dziwe lachiwiri pakamwa pa mphete yotsalira.Choyamba gawani dziwe lachiwiri pakamwa pa mphete yotsalira mu 8-16 mfundo mozungulira, kenaka mupachike mzere wa piyano pamtunda wapamwamba wa mphete yotsalira kapena ndege ya maziko a chimango chapansi cha jenereta monga kufunikira, kuyeza mtunda pakati pawo. dziwe lachiwiri pakamwa pa mphete yokhala ndi mfundo zinayi zofananira za X ndi nkhwangwa za Y ku mzere wa piyano ndi tepi yachitsulo, sinthani pakati pa mpira, pangani kusiyana pakati pa utali wa mfundo ziwiri zofananira mkati mwa 5mm, ndikusintha poyamba. malo a piyano, Kenako, gwirizanitsani mzere wa piyano molingana ndi gawo la mphete ndi njira yapakati yoyezera kuti idutse pakati pa kamwa lachiwiri la dziwe.Malo osinthidwa ndi malo oyikapo ma hydraulic turbine.
14. Fotokozani mwachidule ntchito ya kukankhira mphamvu?Kodi mitundu itatu ya thrust bearing structure ndi iti?Kodi zigawo zikuluzikulu za thrust bearing ndi ziti?
Yankho: ntchito: kunyamula mphamvu ya axial ya unit ndi kulemera kwa magawo onse ozungulira.Classification: rigid strust thrust bearing, balance weight thrust bearing ndi hydraulic column thrust bear.Zigawo zazikulu: thrust head, thrust pad, galasi mbale, snap mphete.
15. Lingaliro ndi njira yosinthira ya kukanikiza sitiroko ikufotokozedwa mwachidule.
A: Lingaliro: kukanikiza sitiroko ndi kusintha sitiroko wa servomotor kuti kalozera vane akadali ndi sitiroko malire a millimeters angapo (potseka njira) atatsekedwa.Mphepete mwa sitiroko iyi imatchedwa njira yosinthira sitiroko: chowongolera ndi pisitoni ya servomotor ikatsekeka, chotsani zomangira zomangira pa servomotor iliyonse kupita kumtengo wofunikira.Mtengo uwu ukhoza kuwongoleredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kwa phula.
16. Kodi zifukwa zazikulu zitatu za hydraulic unit vibration ndi ziti?
A: (I) kugwedezeka chifukwa cha zifukwa zamakina: 1. Kusalinganika kwa ma rotor.2. Mzere wa unit siwolondola.3. Kukhala ndi zilema.(2) Kugwedezeka chifukwa cha zifukwa za hydraulic: 1. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wothamanga chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kosiyana kwa volute ndi guide vane.2. Sitima yapamtunda ya Carmen vortex.3. Cavity cavitation.4. Gap jet.5. Kusindikiza mphete kuthamanga pulsation
(3) Kugwedezeka chifukwa cha ma elekitiromagineti zinthu: 1. Mayendedwe a rotor lalifupi.2) kusiyana kwa mpweya.
17. Kufotokozera mwachidule: (1) kusalinganika kosasunthika ndi kusalinganika kwamphamvu?
Yankho: kusalinganika kosasunthika: popeza rotor ya hydraulic turbine siili pamtunda wozungulira, pamene rotor ili mu chikhalidwe chokhazikika, chozungulira sichingakhale chokhazikika pa malo aliwonse.Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa static kusalinganika.
Kusalinganika kwamphamvu: kumatanthauza kugwedezeka kwamphamvu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kapena kusakhazikika kwa magawo ozungulira a hydraulic turbine panthawi yogwira ntchito.
18. Kufotokozera mwachidule: (2) cholinga cha kuyesa kwa static balance ya turbine runner?
Yankho: ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kukhazikika kwapakati pa mphamvu yokoka ya wothamanga kupita kumalo ovomerezeka, kuti mupewe kukhalapo kwapakati pakatikati pa mphamvu yokoka ya wothamanga;mphamvu ya centrifugal ya unit imapangitsa kuvala kwa tsinde lalikulu pakugwira ntchito, kukulitsa kugwedezeka kwa kalozera wa hydraulic, kapena kuyambitsa kugwedezeka kwa turbine pakugwira ntchito, komanso kuwononga magawo agawo ndikumasula mabawuti a nangula, zomwe zimapangitsa ngozi zazikulu. .18.Momwe mungapangire silinda yakunja Kuyeza kuzungulira kwa pamwamba?
Yankho: chizindikiro choyimba chimayikidwa pa mkono wowongoka wa chithandizo, ndipo ndodo yake yoyezera imakhudzana ndi cylindrical pamwamba.Thandizo likamazungulira mozungulira, mtengo wowerengedwa kuchokera ku chizindikiro choyimba umasonyeza kuzungulira kwa malo oyezera.
19. Mumadziwa bwino kapangidwe ka micrometer yamkati ndikufotokozera momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito njira yoyendera magetsi kuti muyese magawo a mawonekedwe ndi malo apakati?
Yankho: tengani dziwe lachiwiri la mphete yokhala ngati benchmark, choyamba gwirizanitsani mzere wa piyano, tengani mzere wa piyano ngati benchmark, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito micrometer yamkati kuti mupange dera lamagetsi pakati pa mbali za mphete ndi mzere wa piyano, sinthani kutalika kwa micrometer yamkati ndikujambula pamzere wa piyano, pansi, kumanzere ndi kumanja Malingana ndi phokoso, likhoza kuweruza ngati micrometer yamkati ikukhudzana ndi mzere wa piyano, ndikuyesa gawo la mphete ndi malo apakati.
20. Njira yoyika zonse ya turbine ya Francis?
Yankho: kuyika liner wamkati wa chubu → kuthira konkriti mozungulira chubu, kukhala mphete ndi kozungulira kozungulira → kuyeretsa ndi kuphatikiza mphete yokhala ndi mphete yoyambira ndikuyika chitoliro cha mphete yokhala ndi mphete yoyambira → bawuti yoyambira pansi mphete → kusonkhana kwa gawo limodzi lozungulira → kuyika ndi kuwotcherera kozungulira → kuyika liner yamkati ndikukwiriridwa payipi mu dzenje la turbine → kuthira konkriti pansi pa jenereta pansi → kubwereza kwa kukwera kwa mphete ndi mulingo ndi hydraulic turbine center Tsimikizirani → kuyeretsa ndi kusonkhanitsa mphete yoyimitsa yotayikira yotsika → kuyimitsa mphete yotayikira yotsika → kuyeretsa ndikuyika chivundikiro chapamwamba ndi mphete yokhazikika → kulumikiza kalozera wamadzi kusanachitike → kulumikizana pakati pa shaft yayikulu ndi wothamanga → kukweza ndikuyika gawo lozungulira → kukhazikitsa makina owongolera madzi → kulumikizana kwa shaft yayikulu → kutembenuka konse kwagawo → kukhazikitsa kalozera wamadzi → kuyika kowonjezeraes → kuyeretsa, kuyang'ana ndi kujambula → kuyambitsa ndi kutumiza.
21. Kodi zofunikira zaukadaulo zoyika makina owongolera madzi ndi chiyani?
Yankho: 1) pakati pa mphete yapansi ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba chidzagwirizana ndi mzere wapakati wa unit;2) mphete yapansi ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba ziyenera kufanana wina ndi mzake, mizere yolembedwa X ndi Y pa iwo idzakhala yogwirizana ndi mizere ya X ndi Y ya unit, ndipo mabowo apamwamba ndi apansi a chiwongolero chilichonse ayenera kukhala. coaxial;3) kumapeto kwa chilolezo cha chowongolera chowongolera ndi kulimba pakutseka kudzakwaniritsa zofunikira;4) ntchito ya kalozera vane kufala gawo adzakhala kusintha ndi odalirika.
22. Momwe mungalumikizire wothamanga ndi shaft yayikulu?
Yankho: choyamba gwirizanitsani tsinde lalikulu ndi chivundikiro chothamanga, ndiyeno gwirizanitsani ndi thupi lothamanga palimodzi, kapena choyamba sungani bolt yolumikizira mu dzenje la chivundikiro chothamanga molingana ndi chiwerengero, ndikuletsa gawo lapansi ndi mbale yachitsulo.Pambuyo poyezetsa kutayikira kosindikizira, gwirizanitsani shaft yayikulu ndi chivundikiro chothamanga.
23. Momwe mungasinthire kulemera kwa rotor?
Yankho: kutembenuka kwa loko nati brake ndikosavuta.Malingana ngati rotor ikugwedezeka ndi kupanikizika kwa mafuta, mtedza wa loko umachotsedwa, ndiyeno rotor imagwetsedwa kachiwiri, kulemera kwake kudzatembenuzidwa kuti ikhale yonyamula.
24. Kodi cholinga cha kuyambitsa ndi kuyesa kuyesa kwa turbine jenereta ya madzi ndi chiyani?
Yankho:
1) fufuzani ngati mtundu wa zomangamanga, kupanga ndi kuyika kwa uinjiniya wamagulu akukwaniritsa zofunikira zamapangidwe ndi malamulo ofunikira ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa.
2) Kupyolera mu kuyendera isanayambe komanso itatha ntchito yoyeserera, ntchito yosowa kapena yosamalizidwa ndi zolakwika za polojekiti ndi zipangizo zingapezeke panthawi.
3) Kupyolera mu ntchito yoyambira ndi kuyesa, kumvetsetsa kuyika kwa ma hydraulic nyumba ndi zida za electromechanical, dziwani bwino ntchito ya zida za electromechanical, kuyeza zofunikira zaumisiri zomwe zikugwira ntchito, ndikulemba zida zina zokhotakhota ngati chimodzi mwazinthu zoyambira zovomerezeka. ntchito, kuti akonze zofunika luso deta yokonza malamulo ntchito kwa magetsi.
4) M'ma projekiti ena a hydropower, kuyesa kwamtundu wa jenereta wa turbine wamadzi kumachitikanso.Kutsimikizira kufunikira kwa chitsimikizo cha wopanga ndikupereka deta yoyendetsera chuma chamagetsi.
25. Kodi cholinga cha mayeso othamanga kwambiri pagawo ndi chiyani?
Yankho: 1) fufuzani malamulo khalidwe la basi yoyang'anira excitation chipangizo wa unit;2) Kumvetsetsa dera logwedezeka la unit pansi pa katundu;3) Yang'anani ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kukwera kwakukulu kwa gawo loyendetsa deta, kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwapamwamba kutsogolo kwa chiwongolero chowongolera ndi kusintha kosiyana kwa kazembe;4) Kumvetsetsa lamulo lakusintha kwa ma hydraulic and mechanical properties a unit ndi zotsatira zake pa ntchito ya unit, kuti apereke deta yofunikira kuti agwire bwino ntchito;5) Dziwani kukhazikika ndi magwiridwe antchito ena a kazembe.
26. Momwe mungayesere zoyeserera za hydraulic turbine?
Yankho: ikani milingo iwiri yoyezera pa X ndi Y bisectors ya mphete yapansi ya wothamanga;Ikani kulemera koyenera ndi kulemera kofanana ndi msinkhu wa symmetrically pa bisector ya - X ndi - y (kuchuluka kwake kungathe kuwerengedwa molingana ndi kuwerenga kwa msinkhu);Malingana ndi msinkhu wa mulingo, ikani kulemera kwake kumbali ya kuwala mpaka kuwira kwa msinkhu kumakhala pakati, ndipo lembani kukula kwa P ndi azimuth ya kulemera komaliza α.
27. Kodi kutulutsa mutu kukankhira pa kukonza?
Yankho: chotsani cholumikizira cholumikizira pakati pa mutu wopondereza ndi mbale yagalasi, tambani mutu wopondereza pa dzenje lalikulu ndi chingwe chachitsulo ndikuchilimbitsa pang'ono.Kwezani mpope wamafuta, ikani mmwamba chozungulira, onjezani zoyala zinayi za aluminiyamu pakati pa mutu wopondereza ndi mbale yagalasi mozungulira ma degree 90, tsitsani mafuta ndikugwetsa chozungulira.Mwanjira iyi, tsinde lalikulu limatsika ndi rotor, ndipo mutu wopondereza umakanizidwa ndi pedi ndikukokera patali.Bwerezani kangapo, wongolera makulidwe a khushoni pakati pa 6-10mm nthawi iliyonse, ndipo pang'onopang'ono mutulutse mutu wokhomerera mpaka utakwezedwa ndi mbedza yayikulu.Pambuyo pokoka kangapo, mgwirizano pakati pa mutu woponyera ndi tsinde lalikulu umakhala womasuka, ndipo mutu woponyera ukhoza kukokedwa mwachindunji ndi crane.28. Onani tebulo ili pansipa kuti musinthe 1# turbine (gawo: 0.01mm):
Werengerani kugwedezeka kwathunthu ndi kugwedezeka kwa hydraulic guide, kalozera wapansi ndi kalozera wapamwamba, ndipo malizitsani zomwe zili pamwambapa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-21-2021
