Pali mitundu yambiri ya majenereta opangira magetsi.Lero, ndikuwonetsa mwatsatanetsatane majenereta a axial flow hydroelectric.Kugwiritsa ntchito majenereta a axial flow turbine m'zaka zaposachedwa makamaka ndikukula kwamutu wamtali komanso kukula kwakukulu.Ma turbines apanyumba axial-flow turbine akukula mwachangu.Ma turbines awiri amtundu wa axial-flow paddle omwe adayikidwa pa Gezhouba Hydropower Station amangidwa.Mmodzi wa iwo ali ndi m'mimba mwake wa mamita 11.3, yomwe panopa ndi yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi..Nazi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa axial flow turbines.
Ubwino wa axial flow turbine
Poyerekeza ndi ma turbines a Francis, ma axial flow turbines ali ndi zotsatirazi:
1. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwapadera ndi makhalidwe abwino a mphamvu.Chifukwa chake, liwiro lake lagawo ndikuyenda kwagawo ndizokwera kuposa za turbine ya Francis.Pansi pamutu womwewo wamadzi ndi zikhalidwe zotulutsa, zimatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa turbine jenereta yamagetsi, kuchepetsa kulemera kwa chipangizocho, ndikusunga kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakuthupi, kotero ndizopanda ndalama.apamwamba.
2. Mawonekedwe a pamwamba ndi roughness pamwamba pa wothamanga tsamba la axial flow turbine akhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga.Chifukwa masamba a turbine ya axial-flow rotary-paddle turbine amatha kusinthasintha, magwiridwe antchito ake amakhala apamwamba kuposa amagetsi osakanikirana.Pamene katundu ndi mutu wamadzi umasintha, mphamvu zake sizisintha kwambiri.
3. Masamba othamanga a turbine axial-flow paddle turbine akhoza kupasuka, omwe ndi abwino kupanga ndi kuyendetsa.
Chifukwa chake, makina othamanga a axial amatha kukhala okhazikika pamagawo akulu ogwirira ntchito, osagwedezeka pang'ono, komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kutulutsa.Pamitu yotsika, yatsala pang'ono kulowa m'malo mwa turbine ya Francis.M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, pokhudzana ndi mphamvu imodzi ya unit ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mutu wa madzi, pakhala chitukuko chachikulu, ndipo ntchito yake ndi yaikulu kwambiri.
Zoyipa za axial flow turbine
Komabe, axial flow turbine imakhalanso ndi zofooka ndipo imalepheretsa kuchuluka kwake kwa ntchito.Zolakwika zazikulu ndi izi:
1. Chiwerengero cha masamba ndi chaching'ono, ndipo ndi cantilever, kotero mphamvu zake ndi zosauka, ndipo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo opangira magetsi apakati ndi apamwamba.
2. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka unit ndi liwiro lapamwamba la unit, ili ndi kutalika kocheperako kuposa turbine ya Francis pansi pa mutu womwewo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukumba kwakukulu kwa maziko a malo opangira magetsi ndi ndalama zambiri.
Malinga ndi zofooka zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa za ma axial flow turbines, zida zatsopano zotsutsana ndi cavitation zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga turbine ndipo mphamvu ya masamba imapangidwa bwino pakupanga, kotero kuti mutu wa ntchito wa axial flow turbines umapitilira bwino.Pakalipano, mutu wa ntchito ya axial-flow paddle turbine ndi 3 mpaka 90 m, ndipo walowa m'dera la turbine ya Francis.Mwachitsanzo, kutulutsa kwamtundu umodzi wamagetsi akunja axial-flow paddle turbines ndi 181,700 kW, pamwamba pamadzi mutu ndi 88m, ndipo m'mimba mwake wothamanga ndi 10.3m.Kutulutsa kwakukulu kwa makina amodzi a axial-flow paddle turbine opangidwa m'dziko langa ndi 175,000 kW, mutu wapamwamba wamadzi ndi 78m, ndipo kutalika kwake kothamanga ndi 11.3m.The axial-flow fixed-propeller turbine ili ndi masamba osasunthika ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, koma sangagwirizane ndi masiteshoni a hydropower ndi kusintha kwakukulu pamutu wamadzi ndi katundu.Ili ndi mutu wokhazikika wamadzi ndipo imagwira ntchito ngati malo oyambira kapena malo opangira magetsi ambiri.Pamene mphamvu ya nyengo imakhala yochuluka, kuyerekezera kwachuma kumathekanso.Ikhoza kuganiziridwa.Kutalika kwake ndi 3-50 m.Ma turbine a axial-flow paddle nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida zoyima.Njira yake yogwirira ntchito ndiyofanana ndi ya Francis turbines.Kusiyanitsa ndiko kuti pamene katunduyo akusintha, sikuti amangoyendetsa kuzungulira kwa mavane otsogolera., Pamene ndikusinthanso kuzungulira kwa masamba othamanga kuti mukhalebe bwino.
M'mbuyomu, tidayambitsanso ma turbine a Francis.Pakati pa ma generator a turbine, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma turbine a Francis ndi ma axial flow turbines.Mwachitsanzo, mapangidwe a othamanga awo ndi osiyana.Masamba a ma turbine a Francis amakhala pafupifupi ofanana ndi shaft yayikulu, pomwe ma axial flow turbines amakhala pafupifupi perpendicular ku shaft yayikulu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-11-2021
