M'maso mwa anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito zachitetezo, chitetezo chantchito ndi chinthu chongopeka.Ngoziyo isanachitike, sitidziwa chomwe chingachitike ngozi yotsatira.Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo cholunjika: Mwatsatanetsatane, sitinakwaniritse ntchito zathu zoyang'anira, chiwopsezo cha ngozi chinali 0.001%, ndipo titakwaniritsa ntchito yathu yoyang'anira, ngozi idachepetsedwa kakhumi kufika pa 0.0001%, koma inali 0.0001 % zomwe zingayambitse ngozi zachitetezo pakupanga.Kuthekera kwakung'ono.Sitingathe kuthetseratu zoopsa zobisika za kupanga chitetezo.Tinganene kokha kuti timayesetsa kulimbana ndi zoopsa zobisika, kuchepetsa ngozi, ndi kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa ngozi.Kupatula apo, anthu oyenda pamsewu amatha kuponda mwangozi peel ya nthochi ndikusweka, osasiyanso bizinesi yabwinobwino.Zomwe tingachite ndikutengera malamulo ndi malangizo ofunikira, ndikumagwira ntchitoyo mosamala.Tinaphunzirapo kanthu pa ngoziyi, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yathu mosalekeza, ndi kupititsa patsogolo tsatanetsatane wa ntchito yathu.
M'malo mwake, pali mapepala ambiri okhudzana ndi chitetezo pamakampani opanga mphamvu zamagetsi pakali pano, koma pakati pawo, pali mapepala ambiri omwe amayang'ana kwambiri pakumanga malingaliro opanga otetezeka komanso kukonza zida, ndipo phindu lawo ndilotsika, ndipo malingaliro ambiri amachokera. pamakampani okhwima otsogola kwambiri opangira mphamvu yamadzi.Kasamalidwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kabwino kake
1. Samalirani kwambiri machitidwe a anthu akuluakulu omwe akuyang'anira
Choyamba, tiyenera kukhala omveka bwino: munthu wamkulu woyang'anira magetsi ang'onoang'ono a hydropower ndiye munthu woyamba yemwe ali ndi udindo wa chitetezo cha bizinesi.Choncho, mu ntchito yopangira chitetezo, chinthu choyamba choyenera kuganizira ndi ntchito ya munthu wamkulu yemwe amayang'anira magetsi ang'onoang'ono a hydropower, makamaka kuyang'ana kukhazikitsidwa kwa maudindo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo ndi malamulo, ndi ndalama zopangira chitetezo.
Malangizo
Ndime 91 ya "Lamulo Lopanga Zachitetezo" Ngati munthu wamkulu yemwe amayang'anira gawo lopanga ndi bizinesi alephera kuchita ntchito zoyang'anira chitetezo monga momwe zafotokozedwera mu lamuloli, adzalamulidwa kuti akonzenso pakapita nthawi;ngati alephera kuwongolera mu nthawi yomwe yaperekedwa, adzapatsidwa chindapusa chosachepera 20,000 yuan koma osapitilira 50,000 yuan.Onjezani magawo opanga ndi mabizinesi kuti ayimitse kupanga ndi bizinesi kuti ikonzedwe.
Ndime 7 ya "Measures for Supervision and Administration of Electric Power Production Safety": Munthu wamkulu yemwe amayang'anira bizinesi yamagetsi amagetsi adzakhala ndi udindo wokwanira pachitetezo cha ntchito yagawo.Ogwira ntchito m'mabizinesi opangira mphamvu zamagetsi azikwaniritsa udindo wawo wokhudzana ndi kupanga kotetezeka malinga ndi lamulo.
2. Kukhazikitsa dongosolo la udindo wopanga chitetezo
Pangani "Safety Production Management Responsibility List" kuti mugwiritse ntchito "ntchito" ndi "udindo" wachitetezo chopanga kwa anthu enieni, ndipo mgwirizano wa "ntchito" ndi "udindo" ndi "ntchito."kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko langa kwa udindo wopanga chitetezo kungayambike ku “Makonzedwe Angapo pa Kupititsa patsogolo Chitetezo mu Zopanga Zamakampani” (“Zopereka Zisanu”) zolengezedwa ndi State Council pa Marichi 30, 1963. “Malamulo Asanu” amafuna kuti atsogoleri pa magawo onse, madipatimenti ogwira ntchito, ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo ndiukadaulo, ndi ogwira ntchito m'bizinesi ayenera kufotokozera momveka bwino udindo wawo wachitetezo panthawi yopanga.
Kunena zoona, ndizosavuta.Mwachitsanzo, ndani ali ndi udindo wophunzitsa zachitetezo?Ndani amakonza zoyeserera zadzidzidzi zambiri?Ndani ali ndi udindo woyang'anira zoopsa zobisika za zida zopangira?Ndani ali ndi udindo woyang'anira ndi kukonza njira zotumizira ndi kugawa?
Pakuwongolera kwathu mphamvu yamagetsi yaying'ono yamadzi, titha kupeza kuti maudindo ang'onoang'ono achitetezo a hydropower sakuwonekera bwino.Ngakhale maudindowo afotokozedwa momveka bwino, kukhazikitsidwa sikukhutiritsa.
3. Pangani malamulo ndi malamulo opangira chitetezo
Kwa makampani opanga magetsi amadzi, njira yosavuta komanso yofunikira kwambiri ndi "mavoti awiri ndi machitidwe atatu": matikiti ogwirira ntchito, matikiti ogwirira ntchito, makina osinthira, makina oyendera maulendo, ndi makina oyendera nthawi ndi nthawi.Komabe, pakuwunika kwenikweni, tidapeza kuti antchito ang'onoang'ono amagetsi opangira madzi samamvetsetsa zomwe "mavoti awiri-atatu" ndi.Ngakhale m'malo ena opangira magetsi amadzi, sakanatha kupeza tikiti yogwirira ntchito kapena tikiti yogwirira ntchito, komanso malo ambiri ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi.Malamulo ndi malamulo opangira chitetezo cha Hydropower nthawi zambiri amamalizidwa pomwe siteshoni imamangidwa, koma sanasinthidwe.Mu 2019, ndidapita pamalo opangira magetsi amadzi ndikuwona "2004 system" yachikasu "XX Hydropower Station Safety Production" pakhoma."Management System", mu "Division of Responsibilities Table", ogwira ntchito onse kusiyapo mkulu wa siteshoniyo sakugwiranso ntchito pa siteshoniyi.
Funsani ogwira ntchito pasiteshoni kuti: “Zidziwitso za bungwe loyang’anira zomwe muli nazo sizinasinthidwebe, sichoncho?”
Yankho linali lakuti: “Pali anthu oŵerengeka pasiteshonipo, sanafotokoze mwatsatanetsatane, ndipo woyang’anira siteshoni amawasamalira onse.”
Ndinafunsa kuti: “Kodi woyang’anira webusayiti walandira maphunziro okhudza zachitetezo?Kodi mwakhalapo ndi msonkhano wopanga chitetezo?Kodi mwachitapo ntchito yoteteza chitetezo chokwanira?Kodi pali mafayilo ndi zolemba zoyenera?Kodi pali akaunti yobisika yowopsa?"
Yankho linali lakuti: “Ndine watsopano kuno, sindikudziwa.
Ndinatsegula fomu ya "2017 XX Power Station Staff Contact Information" ndikuloza dzina lake: "Kodi ndiwe uyu?"
Yankho linali lakuti: “Chabwino, ndangokhala kuno kwa zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu.”
Izi zikuwonetsa kuti munthu yemwe amayang'anira bizinesiyo salabadira kakhazikitsidwe ndi kasamalidwe ka malamulo ndi malamulo, ndipo sakudziwa za kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka chitetezo.M'malo mwake, m'malingaliro athu: kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira yopangira chitetezo yomwe imakwaniritsa zofunikira zamalamulo ndi malamulo komanso yogwirizana ndi momwe bizinesi ilili ndiyothandiza kwambiri.Kuwongolera koyenera kwachitetezo.
Choncho, poyang'anira ndondomeko, chinthu choyamba chomwe timafufuza si malo opangira zinthu, koma kupanga ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo ndi malamulo, kuphatikizapo koma osati kokha pa chitukuko cha mndandanda wa udindo wopanga chitetezo, chitukuko cha malamulo opangira chitetezo. ndi malamulo, chitukuko cha njira zogwirira ntchito, ndi kuyankha mwadzidzidzi kwa ogwira ntchito.Mkhalidwe woyeserera, kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro achitetezo chachitetezo ndi mapulani ophunzitsira, zida zochitira misonkhano yoteteza chitetezo, zolemba zowunikira chitetezo, zolemba zobisika zoyang'anira ngozi, maphunziro a chidziwitso chokhudza chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito ndi zida zowunikira, kukhazikitsidwa kwa mabungwe oyang'anira chitetezo ndikusintha nthawi yeniyeni ya magawo a ogwira ntchito. ntchito.
Zikuoneka kuti pali zinthu zambiri zomwe ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa, koma kwenikweni sizili zovuta komanso mtengo wake siwokwera.Mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono opangira mphamvu zamagetsi atha kukwanitsa.Osachepera sizovuta kupanga malamulo ndi malamulo.Zovuta;sikovuta kuchita kubowola kwadzidzidzi kwadzidzidzi pofuna kupewa kusefukira kwa madzi, kupewa ngozi zapamtunda, kupewa moto, komanso kutulutsa mwadzidzidzi kamodzi pachaka.
Chachinayi, kuonetsetsa kuti ndalama zopanga zizikhala zotetezeka
Poyang'anira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono opangira mphamvu zamagetsi, tidapeza kuti makampani ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira madzi samatsimikizira kuti akuyenera kuyika ndalama pakupanga kotetezeka.Tengani chitsanzo chophweka: zida zambiri zazing'ono zozimitsa moto za hydropower (zozimitsa moto za m'manja, zozimitsira moto zamtundu wa ngolo, zida zozimitsa moto ndi zida zothandizira) zonse zakonzekera kudutsa kuyendera ndi kuvomereza moto pomanga siteshoni, ndipo pali kusowa. za kukonza pambuyo pake.Zochitika zodziwika bwino ndi izi: zozimitsa moto zimalephera kutsatira "Lamulo la Chitetezo cha Moto" zomwe zimayenera kuyang'aniridwa pachaka, zozimitsa moto ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimalephera, ndipo zozimitsa moto zimatsekedwa ndi zinyalala ndipo sizingatsegulidwe bwino , Kuthamanga kwa madzi kwa bomba lamoto ndi osakwanira, ndipo chitoliro cha hydrant chikukalamba ndi kusweka ndipo sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera.
Kuwunika kwapachaka kwa zida zozimitsa moto kumafotokozedwa momveka bwino mu "Lamulo la Chitetezo cha Moto".Tengani nthawi yathu yoyendera yanthawi zonse yapachaka ya zozimitsira moto monga chitsanzo: zozimitsira moto zonyamula ndi za ngolo.Ndipo zozimitsa moto zonyamulika ndi zamtundu wa ngolo ya carbon dioxide zatha kwa zaka zisanu, ndipo zaka ziwiri zilizonse pambuyo pake, kuyenderako monga kuyesa madzi amadzimadzi kuyenera kuchitika.
M'malo mwake, "kupanga kotetezeka" m'njira zambiri kumaphatikizanso chitetezo chaumoyo wa ogwira ntchito.Kupereka chitsanzo chosavuta: chinthu chimodzi chomwe onse opanga mphamvu zamagetsi amadzimadzi amadziwa ndikuti makina opangira madzi amakhala phokoso.Izi zimafuna chipinda chapakati choyang'anira moyandikana ndi chipinda cha makompyuta kuti chikhale ndi malo abwino oletsa mawu.Ngati malo otchingira mawu ndi osatsimikizika, amayenera kukhala ndi zotsekera m'makutu zochepetsera phokoso ndi zida zina.Komabe, m'malo mwake, wolembayo wakhala akuwongolera magawo ambiri apakati pa malo opangira magetsi opangira magetsi okhala ndi phokoso lambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa.Ogwira ntchito muofesi sasangalala ndi chitetezo chamtundu wotere, ndipo n'zosavuta kuyambitsa matenda oopsa a ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito m'kupita kwanthawi.Chifukwa chake iyinso ndi gawo lazachuma zomwe kampaniyo imapanga powonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino.
Ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira zopangira chitetezo kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira madzi kuti awonetsetse kuti ogwira ntchito atha kupeza ziphaso ndi ziphaso zoyenera potenga nawo gawo pamaphunziro.Nkhaniyi idzakambidwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.
Chachisanu, kuwonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito ali ndi satifiketi yogwira ntchito
Kuvuta kulemba ndi kuphunzitsa antchito ovomerezeka ovomerezeka ndi kukonza nthawi zonse kwakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zowawa kwambiri zamagetsi ang'onoang'ono a hydropower.Kumbali imodzi, malipiro amagetsi ang'onoang'ono a hydropower ndi ovuta kukopa aluso oyenerera komanso aluso.Kumbali ina, chiwongola dzanja cha antchito ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira madzi ndichokwera.Kutsika kwa maphunziro a akatswiri kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti makampani azitha kulipira ndalama zophunzitsira.Komabe, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa.Malinga ndi "Safety Production Law" ndi "Power Grid Dispatching Management Regulations," ogwira ntchito pa hydropower station atha kulamulidwa kuti akonzenso pakapita nthawi, kulamulidwa kuyimitsa kupanga ndi kugwira ntchito, ndikulipitsidwa chindapusa.
Chinthu chimodzi chochititsa chidwi kwambiri n’chakuti m’nyengo yozizira ya chaka china, ndinapita pamalo opangira magetsi opangira magetsi pamadzi kuti ndikafufuze bwinobwino ndipo ndinapeza kuti m’chipinda chogwirira ntchito cha pamalo opangira magetsi munali masitovu aŵiri.Pankhani yaing’onoyo, anandiuza kuti: Dera la ng’anjo yamagetsi yatenthedwa ndipo silitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, choncho ndiyenera kupeza mbuye woti andikonze.
Ndinasangalala pomwepo: “Kodi ulibe satifiketi ya katswiri wa zamagetsi pamene uli pa ntchito pa siteshoni ya magetsi?Simungathebe kuchita izi?”
Anatenga “Satifiketi Yake Yamagetsi” m’kabati yosungiramo mafayilo ndi kuyankha kwa ine kuti: “Satifiketiyo ilipo, komabe n’kovuta kuikonza.”
Izi zikutipatsa zofunika zitatu:
Choyamba ndi kufuna kuti woyang'anira athetse mavuto monga "sadzayang'anira, kulimba mtima, ndi kusafuna kuyang'anira", ndikulimbikitsa eni ake ang'onoang'ono amagetsi kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi satifiketi;chachiwiri ndichofuna eni mabizinesi kuti adziwitse zachitetezo cha kupanga ndikuyang'anira mwachangu ndikuthandizira ogwira ntchito kupeza ziphaso zoyenera., Kupititsa patsogolo luso;Chachitatu ndi kufuna kuti ogwira ntchito m'mabizinesi atenge nawo mbali pamaphunziro ndi kuphunzira, kupeza ziphaso zoyenera ndikuwongolera luso lawo laukadaulo komanso luso lopanga chitetezo, kuti ateteze chitetezo chawo.
Malangizo:
Ndime 11 ya Malamulo a Kasamalidwe ka Kutumiza kwa Magetsi Ogwira ntchito mu kachitidwe kotumizira anthu ayenera kuphunzitsidwa, kuunika ndi kupatsidwa satifiketi asanagwire ntchito zawo.
"Lamulo Lopanga Zachitetezo" Ndime 27 Ogwira ntchito mwapadera opanga ndi mabizinesi ayenera kuphunzitsidwa mwapadera zachitetezo molingana ndi malamulo aboma ndikupeza ziyeneretso zofananira asanagwire ntchito.
Chachisanu ndi chimodzi, chitani ntchito yabwino pakuwongolera mafayilo
Kuwongolera mafayilo ndizinthu zomwe makampani ang'onoang'ono opangira mphamvu zamagetsi amatha kunyalanyaza mosavuta pakuwongolera chitetezo.Eni mabizinesi nthawi zambiri samazindikira kuti kasamalidwe ka mafayilo ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera mkati mwabizinesi.Kumbali imodzi, kasamalidwe kabwino ka mafayilo amalola woyang'anira kuti amvetsetse mwachindunji.Kuthekera kwa kasamalidwe ka chitetezo chamabizinesi, njira zowongolera, komanso kasamalidwe kabwino, kumbali ina, kungathenso kukakamiza makampani kuti akwaniritse udindo wowongolera chitetezo.
Tikamagwira ntchito yoyang'anira, nthawi zambiri timanena kuti tiyenera "kulimbikira komanso kusakhululukidwa", zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera chitetezo chamakampani: kudzera muzosunga zakale kuti tithandizire "kulimbikira", timayesetsa "kukhululukidwa" pambuyo pake. ngozi zamavuto.
Kusamala: Kutanthauza kuchita bwino paudindo.
Kukhululukidwa: Pambuyo pazochitika za mlandu, munthu amene ali ndi udindo ayenera kukhala ndi udindo walamulo, koma chifukwa cha makonzedwe apadera a lamulo kapena malamulo ena apadera, udindo walamulo ukhoza kumasulidwa pang'ono kapena kwathunthu, ndiko kuti, osati kutenga udindo walamulo.
Malangizo:
Ndime 94 ya "Lamulo Lopanga Zachitetezo" Ngati bungwe lopanga ndi bizinesi likuchita chimodzi mwazinthu zotsatirazi, lidzalamulidwa kuti likonzenso mkati mwanthawi yocheperako ndipo likhoza kulipitsidwa ndalama zosakwana 50,000 yuan;ngati ilephera kukonza mkati mwa nthawi yomwe idakhazikitsidwa, idzalamulidwa kuyimitsa kupanga ndi ntchito kuti ikonzenso, ndikulipira chindapusa chopitilira 50,000 yuan.Pachindapusa chosakwana 10,000 yuan, munthu amene ali ndi udindo komanso anthu ena omwe ali ndi udindo azilipira chindapusa chosachepera 10,000 yuan koma osapitilira 20,000 yuan:
(1) Kulephera kukhazikitsa bungwe loyang'anira chitetezo chopanga kapena kukonzekeretsa ogwira ntchito yoyang'anira chitetezo malinga ndi malamulo;
(2) The waukulu udindo anthu ndi chitetezo kupanga kasamalidwe ogwira ntchito kupanga, ntchito, ndi mayunitsi yosungirako zinthu zoopsa, migodi, zitsulo smelting, nyumba yomanga, ndi mayunitsi zoyendera misewu sizinapitirire kuwunika malinga ndi malamulo;
(3) Kulephera kuchititsa maphunziro okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito, ogwira ntchito, otumizidwa, ndi ogwira ntchito molingana ndi malamulo, kapena kulephera kudziwitsa zachitetezo choyenera malinga ndi malamulo:
(4) Kulephera kulemba moona chitetezo kupanga maphunziro ndi maphunziro;
(5) Kulephera kulemba moona mtima kafukufuku ndi kasamalidwe ka ngozi zobisika kapena kulephera kuwadziwitsa akatswiri:
(6) Kulephera kupanga mapulani opulumutsira mwadzidzidzi kwa ngozi zopanga chitetezo molingana ndi malamulo kapena kulephera kukonza zoyeserera pafupipafupi;
(7) Ogwira ntchito zapadera amalephera kulandira maphunziro apadera a chitetezo cha chitetezo ndikupeza ziyeneretso zofanana malinga ndi malamulo, ndi kutenga maudindo awo.
Zisanu ndi ziwiri, chitani ntchito yabwino pakuwongolera malo opangira
M'malo mwake, zomwe ndimakonda kwambiri kulemba ndi gawo loyang'anira malo, chifukwa ndawona zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa pantchito yoyang'anira kwa zaka zambiri.Nawa zochitika zingapo.
(1) M’chipinda cha makompyuta muli zinthu zachilendo
Kutentha m'chipinda chamagetsi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwera chifukwa cha makina ozungulira amadzi omwe amazungulira ndikutulutsa magetsi.Chifukwa chake, mchipinda china chaching'ono komanso chosasamalidwa bwino chopangira mphamvu yamadzi, ndizofala kuti ogwira ntchito ayanike zovala pafupi ndi makina opangira madzi.Nthawi zina, kuyanika kumawonedwa.Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zaulimi, kuphatikiza koma osati zouma radishes, tsabola zouma, ndi mbatata zouma.
M'malo mwake, ndikofunikira kuti chipinda cha hydropower station chizikhala chaukhondo momwe mungathere ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoyaka.Zachidziwikire, ndizomveka kuti ogwira ntchito aziwumitsa zinthu pafupi ndi turbine kuti akhale ndi moyo, koma ziyenera kutsukidwa munthawi yake.
Nthawi zina, zimapezeka kuti magalimoto amayimitsidwa m'chipinda cha makina.Izi ndizochitika zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa nthawi yomweyo.Palibe magalimoto ofunikira kuti apangidwe saloledwa kuyimitsidwa m'chipinda cha makina.
M'malo ena ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira magetsi, zinthu zakunja zomwe zili muchipinda cha makompyuta zimatha kuyambitsa ngozi, koma kuchuluka kwake ndi kochepa.Mwachitsanzo, chitseko cha bomba lamoto chimatsekedwa ndi mabenchi a zida ndi zinyalala, zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, ndipo mabatire amatha kuyaka komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.Zida zambiri zophulika zimayikidwa kwakanthawi muchipinda cha makompyuta.
(2) Ogwira ntchito sadziwa za kupanga bwino
Monga makampani apadera opanga magetsi, ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zingwe zamagetsi zapakati komanso zamphamvu kwambiri, motero kavalidwe kamayenera kukhala koyendetsedwa bwino.Tawonapo ogwira ntchito atavala ma vests, ogwira ntchito ovala masilipi, komanso ogwira ntchito atavala masiketi pamalo opangira mphamvu zamagetsi.Onse akuyenera kusiya ntchito zawo nthawi yomweyo, ndipo atha kukagwira ntchito atavala motsatira zofunikira zachitetezo chapamalo opangira mphamvu zamagetsi.
Ndawonanso kumwa pa nthawi ya ntchito.Pamalo aang'ono kwambiri opangira magetsi amadzi, panali amalume awiri omwe anali pantchito panthawiyo.Mumphika wakukhichini munali mphodza wankhuku pafupi nawo.Amalume aŵiriwo anali atakhala kunja kwa nyumba ya fakitale, ndipo panali kapu ya vinyo pamaso pa munthu mmodzi amene anali pafupi kumwa.Zinali zaulemu kwambiri kutiwona pano: “O, atsogoleri ochepa abweranso, mwadya?Tipange limodzi magalasi awiri.”
Palinso zochitika zomwe mphamvu zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zokha.Tikudziwa kuti ntchito za magetsi nthawi zambiri zimakhala anthu awiri kapena kuposerapo, ndipo chofunika ndi "munthu m'modzi kuti ateteze munthu mmodzi", zomwe zingapewe ngozi zambiri.Ichi ndichifukwa chake tiyenera kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa “Ma Invoice Awiri ndi Njira Zitatu” popanga malo opangira mphamvu yamadzi.Kukhazikitsa kwa "Mainvoice Awiri ndi Njira Zitatu" kumatha kuchita bwino kwambiri popanga bwino.
8. Chitani ntchito yabwino mu kayendetsedwe ka chitetezo panthawi zofunika kwambiri
Pali nthawi ziwiri zazikulu zomwe malo opangira magetsi amadzi ayenera kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe:
(1) M’nyengo ya kusefukira kwa madzi, masoka achiwiri obwera chifukwa cha mvula yamphamvu ayenera kupewedwa mosamalitsa m’nyengo ya chigumula.Pali mfundo zazikulu zitatu: imodzi ndiyo kusonkhanitsa ndi kudziwitsa zambiri za kusefukira kwa madzi, yachiwiri ndikufufuza ndikuwongolera zoletsa zobisika za kusefukira, ndipo yachitatu ndikusunga zida zokwanira zowongolera kusefukira kwamadzi.
(2) M’nyengo yozizira kwambiri m’nyengo yachisanu ndi masika, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku kasamalidwe ka moto wolusa m’nyengo yachisanu ndi masika.Pano tikukamba za “moto wa m’thengo” umene umakhudza zinthu zambiri za m’kati, monga kusuta fodya m’tchire, kuwotcha mapepala m’thengo popereka nsembe, ndiponso ntchentche zimene zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthengo.Mikhalidwe ya makina owotcherera magetsi ndi zida zina zonse ndi za zomwe zimafunikira kasamalidwe kokhazikika.
Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pakufunika kolimbikitsa kuyendera njira zotumizira ndi kugawira madera okhudza nkhalango.M'zaka zaposachedwa, talandira zinthu zoopsa kwambiri pamizere yotumizira ndi kugawa, kuphatikizapo koma osati ku: mtunda wapakati pa mizere yothamanga kwambiri ndi mitengo ndi yaikulu.Posachedwapa, n'zosavuta kuyambitsa zoopsa zamoto, kuwonongeka kwa mizere ndi kuwononga mabanja akumidzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-04-2022
