Kuyamba Mwachidule kwa Zida za Turbine m'mafakitale a Hydropower

1. Mfundo yogwira ntchito
Madzi opangira magetsi ndi mphamvu ya madzi oyenda.Makina opangira madzi ndi makina amphamvu omwe amasintha mphamvu yamadzi kuti ikhale mphamvu yozungulira.Madzi omwe ali mumtsinje wamtunda amatsogozedwa kupita ku turbine kudzera papaipi yosinthira, yomwe imayendetsa wothamanga wa turbine kuti azungulire ndikuyendetsa jenereta kuti apange magetsi.

Njira yowerengera mphamvu yotulutsa turbine ndi motere:
P＝9.H - mutu wa madzi, m;Q - kuyenda mwa turbine, m3 / S;η- Kuchita bwino kwa hydraulic turbine
Kukwera kwa mutu h ndi kutulutsa kwakukulu kwa Q, kumapangitsanso mphamvu ya turbine η Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu.

2. Gulu ndi mutu woyenera wa turbine yamadzi
Gulu la turbine
Makina opangira magetsi: Francis, axial flow, oblique flow and tubular turbine
Pelton turbine: Pelton turbine, oblique stroke turbine, double stroke turbine ndi Pelton turbine
Oima osakanikirana otaya
Oima axial kuyenda
Oblique kuyenda
Mutu wovomerezeka

Makina opangira magetsi:
Francis turbine 20-700m
Axial flow turbine 3 ~ 80m
Makina othamanga othamanga 25 ~ 200m
Tubular turbine 1 - 25m

Mphamvu yamagetsi:
Pelton turbine 300-1700m (yayikulu), 40-250m (yaing'ono)
20 ~ 300m kwa oblique impact turbine
Dinani kawiri turbine 5 ～ 100m (yaing'ono)
Mtundu wa turbine umasankhidwa molingana ndi mutu wogwira ntchito komanso liwiro lenileni

3. Zoyambira zogwirira ntchito za hydraulic turbine
Zimaphatikizanso mutu h, flow Q, zotuluka P ndi magwiridwe antchito η, Speed ​​n.
Mutu H:
Maximum mutu Hmax: mutu wapamwamba kwambiri womwe turbine imaloledwa kugwira ntchito.
Mutu wocheperako Hmin: mutu wocheperako kuti ukhale wotetezeka komanso wokhazikika wa hydraulic turbine.
Kulemera kwamutu kwapakati pa ha: kulemera kwapakati pa mitu yonse yamadzi ya turbine.
Mutu wovoteledwa HR: mutu wocheperako wofunikira kuti turbine ipange zotulutsa zovoteledwa.
Kutulutsa Q: voliyumu yothamanga yomwe imadutsa gawo lomwe laperekedwa la turbine mu nthawi ya unit, gawo lomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi m3 / s.
Kuthamanga n: kuchuluka kwa kuzungulira kwa turbine wothamanga mu nthawi ya unit, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu R / min.
Kutulutsa P: mphamvu yotulutsa ya turbine shaft end, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: kW.
kuchita bwino η: Chiyerekezo cha mphamvu yolowetsa ku mphamvu yotulutsa ya hydraulic turbine imatchedwa mphamvu ya hydraulic turbine.

4. Mapangidwe akuluakulu a turbine
Zigawo zazikulu zamapangidwe a turbine yamagetsi ndi volute, mphete yokhazikika, makina owongolera, chivundikiro chapamwamba, chothamanga, shaft yayikulu, chiboliboli, mphete yapansi, chubu chojambula, ndi zina zotere. Zithunzi pamwambapa zikuwonetsa zigawo zazikulu za turbine

5. Factory test of hydraulic turbine
Yang'anani, gwiritsani ntchito ndikuyesa magawo akulu monga volute, wothamanga, shaft yayikulu, servomotor, cholozera ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba.
Kuunika kwakukulu ndi zinthu zoyeserera:
1) kufufuza zinthu;
2) kuyendera kuwotcherera;
3) Kuyesa kosawononga;
4) Kuyesa kwapanikizi;
5) Dimension check;
6) Kusonkhana kwa fakitale;
7) Kuyenda mayeso;
8) Runner static balance test, etc.