Kudonha kwekubuda kwehydro generator
(1) Chikonzero
Pasi pemamiriro emusoro wemvura unogara uripo, kana gwara rekuvhura rasvika pakuvhurwa kweasina-mutoro, asi turbine isingasviki pakumhanya kwakayerwa, kana kana gwara rekuvhura rinenge rakakura kupfuura rekutanga pane imwe chete kubuda, inoonekwa kuti chikwata chinobuda chinodzikira.Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuderera kwekubuda ndezvizvi: 1. Kuyerera kwekurasikirwa kwe hydraulic turbine;2. Hydraulic kurasikirwa kwe hydraulic turbine;3. Mechanical kurasikirwa kwe hydraulic turbine.
(2) Bata
1. Pasi pemamiriro ekushanda kweyuniti kana kuvhara, kudzika kwakadzika kwechubhu yekunyora hakufaniri kuva pasi pe300mm (kunze kweimpulse turbine).2. Chenjerera kumvura inopinda kana kubuda kuti uchengetedze kuyerera kwemvura yakaenzana uye isina kuvharwa.3. Chengetedza mumhanyi achimhanya pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu uye kuvhara kuti aongororwe uye kurapwa kana pane ruzha.4. Kune axial kuyerera fixed blade turbine, kana unit inobuda ikadonha kamwe kamwe uye kuzunguzika kwakawedzera, ichavharwa nekukasira kuti iongororwe.
2,Unit inotakura tembiricha inokwira zvakanyanya
(1) Chikonzero
Kune marudzi maviri eturbine bearings: giredhi kutakura uye thrust bear.Mamiriro ezvinhu ekuona kushanda kwakajairwa kwebearing kuisirwa kwakaringana, kukwirisa kwakanaka uye kupihwa kwakajairika kwemvura inotonhorera.Nzira dzekuzora dzinowanzo sanganisira kudzosa kwemvura, mafuta matete ekuzora uye kuomeswa kwakaoma.Zvikonzero zvekukwira kwakanyanya kwekushisa kweshaft ndezvizvi zvinotevera: kutanga, kubereka kuiswa kwehutano kwakashata kana kutakura kwakapfekwa;Chechipiri, yekuzora mafuta system kutadza;Chechitatu, iyo yekuzora mafuta label haina kuenderana kana mhando yemafuta yakashata;Chechina, kutonhora kwehurongwa hwemvura inotonhorera;Chechishanu, iyo unit inodedera nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero;Yechitanhatu, mwero wemafuta ekubereka wakadzikira zvakanyanya nekuda kwekubuda kwemafuta.
(2) Bata
1. Pamabhengi akaiswa mvura, mvura yekuzora inofanira kucheneswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekunaka kwemvura.Mvura haifaniri kunge iine huwandu hwakakura hwemarara uye mafuta zvinhu kuti kuderedze kupera kwemabheri uye kukwegura kwerabha.
2. Oiri matete anozora mabearings anowanzo atora self circulation, neoiri slinger uye thrust disc.Iwo anotenderedzwa neyuniti uye anopihwa nemafuta nekuzvitenderedza.Nyatsoteerera kune mamiriro ekushanda emafuta slinger.Chipfuramabwe chemafuta hachizobatiki.Oiri inopihwa kune thrust disc uye mwero wemafuta etangi remafuta etsamba uchave wakaenzana.
3. Zora kubereka nemafuta akaoma.Chenjerera kuti kutsanangurwa kwemafuta akaoma kunopindirana nemafuta anotakura uye kana mhando yemafuta yakanaka.Wedzera oiri nguva nenguva kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kutakura kubvumidzwa kuri 1/3 ~ 2/5.
4. Chisimbiso chekuisa chisimbiso chekubereka uye kutonhora kwepombi yemvura ichave yakasimba kudzivirira mvura yekumanikidza uye guruva kubva pakupinda mubereko uye kukuvadza yakajairika lubrication yekutakura.
5. Kuiswa kwemvumo yemafuta ekuzora kunoenderana neiyo unit pressure, linear speed yekutenderera, lubrication mode, mafuta viscosity, component processing, kugadzwa kwechokwadi uye vibration yeyuniti.
3, Kudengenyeka kweyuniti
(1) Mechanical vibration, vibration inokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvemuchina.
chikonzero;Kutanga, iyo hydraulic turbine yakarerekera;Chechipiri, axis centre yemvura turbine uye jenareta haina kururama uye kubatana hakuna kunaka;Chechitatu, kutakura kune kukanganisa kana kugadziriswa kusina kukodzera kwekuregererwa, kunyanya kubviswa kwakakura kwazvo;Chechina, pane kukweshera uye kubonderana pakati pezvikamu zvinotenderera nezvikamu zvakamira
(2)Hydraulic vibration, kuzunguzika kwechikamu chinokonzerwa nekusaenzana kwemvura inoyerera ichienda kumumhanyi.
Zvikonzero: kutanga, gwara rinenge rakuvadzwa uye bhaudhi rakatyoka, zvichikonzera kuvhurika kwakasiyana kwegwara rekutungamira uye mvura isina kuenzana inoyerera ichitenderedza mumhanyi;Chechipiri, pane sundries mu volute kana mumhanyi akavharwa ne-sundries, kuitira kuti mvura inoyerera ichitenderedza mumhanyi haina kuenzana;Chechitatu, kuyerera kwemvura muchubhu yekudhirowa haina kugadzikana, zvichikonzera shanduko yenguva nenguva mukumanikidza kwemvura kwechubhu, kana mhepo inopinda mu spiral kesi ye hydraulic turbine, zvichikonzera kuzunguzika kweyuniti uye kutinhira kwekuyerera kwemvura.
(3) Kudengenyeka kwemagetsi kunoreva kuzununguka kwechikamu chinokonzerwa nekurasikirwa kwechiyero kana kushanduka kamwe kamwe kwehuwandu hwemagetsi.
Zvikonzero: kutanga, iyo yechitatu-chikamu ikozvino yejenereta haina kuenzana zvakanyanya.Nekuda kwekusaenzana kwazvino, iyo matatu-phase electromagnetic simba haina kuenzana;Chechipiri, kuchinja kwepakarepo kwezvino kunokonzerwa netsaona yemagetsi kunotungamirira kune pakarepo kusaenderana kwekumhanya kwejenereta uye turbine;Chechitatu, mukaha usina kuenzana pakati pe stator uye rotor unokonzera kusagadzikana kwekutenderera kwemagineti.
(4) Cavitation vibration, unit vibration inokonzerwa necavitation.
Zvikonzero: kutanga, iyo amplitude yekudengenyeka kunokonzerwa ne hydraulic imbalance inowedzera nekuwedzera kwekuyerera;Chechipiri, kudengenyeka kunokonzerwa nemumhanyi asina kukwana, urombo husina hutano hwekubatanidza uye eccentricity, uye amplitude inowedzera nekuwedzera kwekutenderera kunotenderera;Yechitatu ndiyo kudengenyeka kunokonzerwa nejenareta remagetsi.Iyo amplitude inowedzera nekuwedzera kwekunakidzwa ikozvino.Kana iyo excitation ichibviswa, vibration inogona kupera;Yechina ndeye vibration inokonzerwa ne cavitation erosion.Iyo amplitude yakabatana nenharaunda yemutoro, dzimwe nguva inokanganiswa uye dzimwe nguva chisimba.Panguva imwecheteyo, kune ruzha rwekugogodza muchubhu yekudhirowa, uye panogona kuve nekuswing pamamita evacuum.
4, Iyo tembiricha yekubereka yeyuniti inokwira uye yakanyanya kukwirira
(1) Chikonzero
1. Zvikonzero zvekuchengetedza uye kuiswa: kuvuza kwebheshi remafuta, nzvimbo isina kururama yekuisa yepitot tube, isina kukodzera tile gap, abnormal unit vibration inokonzerwa nemhando yekuisa, nezvimwewo;
2. Zvikonzero zvekushanda: kushanda munzvimbo inozunguzika, kutadza kuona kunaka kwemafuta uye chiyero chemafuta asina kujairika, kutadza kuwedzera mafuta nenguva, kutadza kuona kukanganiswa kwemvura inotonhorera uye kusakwana kwehuwandu hwemvura, zvichikonzera kuderera kwenguva refu. kukurumidza kushanda kwemuchina, nezvimwe.
(2) Bata
1. Kana tembiricha yekubereka ichikwira, tanga watarisa mafuta ekuzora, wedzera oiri yekuwedzera nenguva kana kubata kutsiva mafuta;Gadzirisa kutonhora kwemvura inotonhora kana shandura nzira yekupa mvura;Edza kana kuzunguzika kweyuniti kuchipfuura mwero.Kana iyo vibration isingakwanisi kubviswa, ichavharwa;
2. Kana paine tembiricha yekudzivirira, tarisa kana kudzima kwacho kwakajairika uye tarisa kana gwenzi rinotakura rakapiswa.Kana Gwenzi rapiswa, shandura negwenzi idzva kana kukuya zvakare.
5,Speed regulation kutadza
Kana gavhuna kuvhura kwakanyatso kuvharwa, mumhanyi haagone kumira kusvikira gwara rekuvhura rinenge risisakwanise kudzorwa.Iyi situation inonzi speed regulation failure.Zvikonzero: kutanga, kubatanidzwa kwemutungamiri vane yakakotama, iyo isingagoni kunyatso kudzora kuvhurwa kwegwara vane, kuitira kuti gwara rinenge risingagoni kuvharwa, uye chikwata hachigoni kumira.Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mamwe madiki madiki haana mabhureki zvishandiso, uye iyo unit haigone kumira kwechinguva pasi pechiito che inertia.Panguva ino, usafunga zvisiri izvo kuti haina kuvharwa.Kana iwe ukaramba uchivhara dhiraivha vane, tsvimbo yekubatanidza ichave yakakotama.Chechipiri, kukundikana kwekumhanya kwekutonga kunokonzerwa nekutadza kwegavhuna otomatiki.Muchiitiko chekushanda kusina kujairika kweiyo turbine unit yemvura, kunyanya kana paine dambudziko kune yakachengeteka kushanda kweiyo unit, edza kumisa muchina nekukurumidza kurapwa.Kumhanya zvishoma kunongowedzera kukanganisa.Kana gavhuna akatadza uye gwara rekuvhura rinokwanisa kumira, vharuvhu huru yeturbine ichashandiswa kucheka kuyerera kwemvura muturbine.
Dzimwe nzira dzokurapa: 1. Gara uchichenesa nzvimbo dzemvura inotungamira nzira, ichengetedze yakachena, uye gara uchiwedzera mafuta chikamu chinofambiswa;2. Marara anofanira kuiswa panzvimbo inopinza uye acheneswe nguva nenguva;3. Kune iyo hydraulic turbine ine chero mudziyo wemotokari, teerera panguva yakafanira kutsiva mabhureki pads uye wedzera brake mafuta.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-18-2021
