Jenareta Flywheel Mhedzisiro uye Kugadzikana kwe turbine Gavhuna SystemGenerator Flywheel Mhedzisiro uye Kugadzikana kwe turbine Gavhuna SystemGenerator Flywheel Mhedzisiro uye Kugadzikana kwe turbine Gavhuna SystemGenerator Flywheel Mhedzisiro uye Kugadzikana kwe turbine Gavhuna System.
Majenareta makuru emazuva ano ehydro ane diki inertia isingachinji uye anogona kusangana nematambudziko maererano nekugadzikana kweturbine inotonga system.Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemafambiro emvura yeturbine, iyo nekuda kwe inertia yayo inopa nyundo yemvura mumapombi ekumanikidza kana zvigadziriso zvichishanda.Izvi zvinowanzozivikanwa neiyo hydraulic acceleration time constants.Mukushanda kwega, kana kuwanda kwehurongwa hwese kunotemerwa neturbine gavhuna nyundo yemvura inokanganisa kukurumidza kutonga uye kusagadzikana kunoratidzika sekuvhima kana frequency swing.Kune yakabatana mashandiro ane hombe sisitimu iyo frequency inonyanya kubatwa nguva dzose neinozotevera.Iyo sando yemvura inobva yaita simba rinodyiswa kuhurongwa uye dambudziko rekugadzikana rinongomuka chete kana simba richidzorwa muvharo yakavharwa, kureva, kana kune aya majenareta ehydro anotora chikamu mukutonga kwefrequency.
Iko kugadzikana kweturbine gavhuna giya kunokanganiswa zvakanyanya nereshiyo yeyemakanika yekumhanyisa nguva nguva dzose nekuda kweiyo hydraulic yekuwedzera nguva nguva yehuwandu hwemvura uye nekuwana kwegavhuna.Kuderedzwa kwechiyero chiri pamusoro apa kune kukanganisa uye kunoda kuderedzwa kwegavhuna kuwana, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kugadzikana kwefrequency.Nekudaro hudiki hudiki hunoita kuti hutenderere zvikamu zvehydro unit hunodiwa hunogona kungopihwa mujenareta.Neimwe mechanical acceleration time yekugara inogona kudzikiswa nekupihwa kwe pressure relief valve kana tangi rekusurgery, etc., asi kazhinji inodhura zvakanyanya.Humwe huyemupirwo hwekugona kudzora kukurumidza kwechikamu chehydro generating unit inogona kuenderana nekukwira kwekumhanya kwechikamu chinogona kuitika pakurambwa kweyese yakayerwa mutoro weyuniti inoshanda yakazvimiririra.Kumayuniti emagetsi anoshanda mumasisitimu makuru akabatana uye anodiwa kudzora frequency yesystem, iyo percentage yekumhanyisa kusimuka indekisi sezvakaverengerwa pamusoro yaionekwa isingapfuure 45 muzana.Kune madiki masisitimu madiki ekumhanya apiwe (Tarisa Chitsauko 4).
Longitudinal chikamu kubva pakutora kuenda kuDehar Power Plant
(Kwakabva: Pepa neMunyori - 2nd world Congress, International Water Resources Association 1979) KuDehar Power Plant, iyo hydraulic pressure water system inobatanidza kuenzanisa kuchengetwa nemagetsi emagetsi anosanganisira kunwa mvura, kupinza tunnel, differential surge tank uye penstock inoratidzwa. .Kuderedza kukwira kwepamusoro kukwira mumapenstocks kusvika ku35 muzana iyo inofungidzirwa kukurumidza kukurumidza kusimuka kweyuniti pakurambwa kwemutoro wakakwana wakaitwa kusvika ku45 muzana nekuvhara gavhuna.
nguva yemasekonzi 9.1 payakayerwa musoro we282 m (925 ft) ine yakajairika flywheel mhedzisiro yezvikamu zvinotenderera zvejenareta (kureva, inogadziriswa pakukwira kwetembiricha chete).Muchikamu chekutanga chekushanda kukurumidza kukwira kwakawanikwa kusingapfuuri 43 muzana.Zvakanga zvichifungidzirwa kuti zvakajairwa flywheel mhedzisiro inokwana kudzora frequency yesystem.
Jenareta Parameters uye Magetsi Kugadzikana
Majenareta paramita ane chekuita pakugadzikana ndiwo mhedzisiro yeflywheel, reactance yenguva pfupi uye chiyero chedunhu pfupi.Muchikamu chekutanga chekuvandudzwa kwe420 kV EHV system sepaDehar matambudziko ekugadzikana anofanirwa kuve akakosha nekuda kweisina kusimba, yakaderera dunhu redunhu, kushanda pane inotungamira simba chinhu, uye kudiwa kwehupfumi mukupa ekutapurirana uye kugadzirisa saizi uye parameters yekugadzira zvikamu.Yekutanga yenguva pfupi yakadzikama zvidzidzo panetiweki analyzer (ichishandisa inogara voltage kuseri kwechinguvana reactance) yeDehar EHV sisitimu yakaratidzawo kuti kugadzikana kweparutivi chete kwaizowanikwa.Muchikamu chekutanga chedhizaini yeDehar Power Plant yaifungidzirwa kuti inotsanangura majenareta ane zvakajairika
maitiro uye kuwana zvinodikanwa zvekudzikama nekugadzirisa maparamendi ezvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisirwa kunyanya izvo zve excitation system zvingave zvakachipa mune zvehupfumi.Muchidzidzo cheBritish System zvakare zvakaratidzwa kuti kuchinja jenareta paramita kune zvakaenzana mhedzisiro pamiganho yekugadzikana.Saizvozvo zvakajairika generator paramita sekupihwa muappendix yakatsanangurwa kune jenareta.Dzidzo dzakadzama dzekugadzikana dzakaitwa dzinopihwa
Line Kuchaja Capacity uye Voltage Kugadzikana
Iri kure kure ma hydro jenareta anoshandiswa kuchaja mitsara refu isina kurodzwa EHV iyo yekuchaja kVA inodarika tambo yekuchaja yemuchina, muchina unogona kuzvifadza wega uye voltage kukwira zvisingaite.Mamiriro ekuzvifadza ndeyekuti xc
Mutsetse wekuchaja huwandu unowanikwa payakayerwa voltage kubva kuDehar jenareta sekufungirwa nevanopa michina iyi yaive inotevera:
(i) 70 muzana yakatemerwa MVA, kureva, 121.8 MVAR mutsara uchaja inogoneka nekasimusi yakanaka excitation yegumi muzana.
(ii) Kusvika ku87 muzana yeMVA yakayerwa, kureva, 139 MVAR mutsara wekuchaja inogoneka nekashoma kunaka kwekunakidzwa kwe1 muzana.
(iii)Kusvika zana muzana yeMVAR yakayereswa, kureva kuti, 173.8 tambo yekuchaja inogona kuwanikwa neinenge 5 muzana yakaipa excitation uye yakanyanya tambo yekuchaja huwandu hunogona kuwanikwa nekunakidzira kwakashata kwegumi muzana i110 muzana yeMVA yakayerwa (191 MVAR). ) maererano neBSS.
(iv) Kumwe kuwedzera kwemutsetse wekuchaja masimba kunokwanisika chete nekuwedzera saizi yemuchina.Panyaya ye (ii) uye (iii) kudzora ruoko kwekunakidzwa hakugoneke uye kuvimba kwakazara kunofanirwa kuiswa pakuenderera kwekushanda kwekukurumidza kuita otomatiki voltage regulators.Izvo hazvigoneke mune zvehupfumi kana zvinodiwa kuwedzera saizi yemuchina nechinangwa chekuwedzera tambo yekuchaja masimba.Zvichienderana nekutarisa mamiriro ekushanda padanho rekutanga rekushanda kwakasarudzwa kupa mutsara wekuchaja huwandu hwe191 MVARs payakatemerwa voltage kune majenareta nekupa kuwedzeredza kwakashata pamajenareta.Mamiriro ekushanda akakosha anokonzera kusagadzikana kwemagetsi anogonawo kukonzerwa nekubviswa kwemutoro pakupera kwekugamuchira.Chiitiko ichi chinoitika nekuda kwecapacitive kurodha pamushini uyo unowedzera kukanganiswa nekumhanya kusimuka kwejenareta.Self excitation uye voltage kusagadzikana kunogona kuitika kana.
Xc ≤ n2 (Xq + XT)
Iko, Xc iri capacitive mutoro reactance, Xq ndeye quadrature axis synchronous reactance uye n ndiyo yakanyanya hama pamusoro pekumhanya kunoitika pakuramba mutoro.Ichi chimiro pajenareta yeDehar chakanzi chibviswe nekupa yakabatana zvachose 400 kV EHV shunt reactor (75 MVA) pakupera kwekugamuchira kwemutsara sekuenderana neongororo yakaitwa.
Damper winding
Basa guru re damper winding ndiko kukwanisa kwayo kudzivirira kuwandisa kwepamusoro-voltages muchiitiko chemutsara kumutsara kukanganisa ne capacitive mitoro, nokudaro kuderedza kudarika-voltage kunetseka pamidziyo.Tichifunga nezve nzvimbo iri kure uye mitsara yakareba yekubatanidza yekufambisa yakanyatso batanidza damper windings nereshiyo yequadrature uye yakananga axis reactances Xnq/ Xnd isingadariki 1.2 yakatsanangurwa.
Jenareta Hunhu uye Excitation System
Majenareta ane hunhu hwakajairwa ataurwa uye zvidzidzo zvekutanga zvakangoratidza kugadzikana kweparutivi, zvakasarudzwa kuti high-speed static excitation midziyo ishandiswe kuvandudza miganho yekudzikama kuitira kuti iwane hurongwa hwese hwehupfumi hwemidziyo.Zvidzidzo zvine hudzamu zvakaitwa kuti zvionekwe akakwana maitiro eiyo static excitation midziyo uye yakakurukurwa muchitsauko 10.
Mafungiro eSeismic
Dehar Power Plant inowira munzvimbo ye seismic.Kutevera zviga mukugadzirwa kwe hydro jenareta kuDehar zvakakurudzirwa mukubvunzana nevagadziri vemidziyo uye nekufunga nezve seismic uye geological mamiriro ari panzvimbo uye mushumo weKoyna Earthquake Nyanzvi Komiti inoumbwa neHurumende yeIndia nerubatsiro rweUNESCO.
Mechanical Simba
Majenareta eDehar akagadzirwa kuti amire zvakachengeteka simba guru rekusimudza kudengenyeka kwepasi mune yakatwasuka uye yakachinjika nzira inotarisirwa kuDehar inobata pakati pemuchina.
Natural Frequency
Yechisikigo frequency yemuchina chengetedzwa kure (kumusoro) kubva kune magineti frequency ye100 Hz (kaviri jenareta frequency).Kuwanda kwechisikigo uku kuchave kure kure nekuwanda kwekudengenyeka kwepasi uye kutariswa kuti kune muganho wakaringana zvichienderana nekuwanda kwakawanda kwekudengenyeka kwenyika uye kumhanya kwakakomba kwehurongwa hwekutenderera.
Jenereta stator rutsigiro
Iyo jenareta stator uye yakaderera thrust uye gwara rinotakura nheyo dzinosanganisira akati wandei ega ndiro.Iwo ega mahwendefa anosungirirwa kune hwaro nechemberi mukuwedzera kune yakajairwa yakatwasuka nzira nemabhaudhi enheyo.
Guide Bearing Design
Nhungamiro mabheji kuti ave emhando yezvikamu uye gidhi inotakura zvikamu zvisimbiswe kuti zvimire nesimba rakazara rekudengenyeka kwenyika.Vagadziri vakakurudzira zvakare kusungira bhaketi repamusoro nechemberi nedhiramu (jenareta yakavharirwa) kuburikidza nemagidhi esimbi.Izvi zvinorevawo kuti dhiramu rekongiri richizofanira kusimbiswa.
Vibration Kuonekwa kweJenareta
Kuiswa kwema detector evibration kana eccentricity metres pamaturbines nemajenareta zvakakurudzirwa kuti zviiswe kuti zvitange kuvharika nearamu kuitira kana kundengendeka nekuda kwekudengenyeka kwakadarika kukosha kwakagara kwatemwa.Chishandiso ichi chinogona zvakare kushandiswa kuona chero kusajairika kuzunguzika kweyuniti nekuda kwehydraulic mamiriro anokanganisa turbine.
Mercury Contacts
Kudengenyeka kwakanyanya nekuda kwekudengenyeka kwenyika kunokonzeresa kugumburwa kwenhema kwekutanga kudzima kweyuniti kana mecury contacts ikashandiswa.Izvi zvinogona kudzivirirwa nekududza anti-vibration mhando mercury switch kana kana zvikaonekwa zvichidikanwa nekuwedzera nguva relay.
Mhedziso
(1) Hupfumi hwakakura mumutengo wemidziyo uye dhizaini paDehar Power Plant yakawanikwa nekutora saizi yakakura yeyuniti kuchengetedza saizi yegridi uye simba rayo pasimba rekuchengetedza system.
(2) Mutengo wemajenareta wakaderedzwa nekutora amburera dhizaini yekuvaka iyo yave kugoneka kune yakakura high-speed hydro generator nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwesimbi yakakwira yakasimba yerotor rim punching.
(3) Kutenga kwechisikigo chepamusoro simba chinhu jenareta mushure mezvidzidzo zvakadzama zvakakonzera kumwe kuchengetwa mumutengo.
(4) Yakajairika vhiri vhiri mhedzisiro yezvikamu zvinotenderera zvejenareta pachiteshi chinodzora frequency paDehar yaionekwa seyakakwana kugadzikana kweturbine gavhuna system nekuda kweiyo hombe yakabatana system.
(5) Special parameters emajenareta ari kure achidyisa EHV network kuitira kuti magetsi agadzikane anogona kusangana nekukasira mhinduro static excitation system.
(6) Fast acting static excitation masisitimu anogona kupa anodiwa kugadzikana margin.Masisitimu akadai, zvisinei, anoda kudzikamisa masaini ekudzoka shure kwekuwana post chikanganiso kugadzikana.Dzidzo dzakadzama dzinofanira kuitwa.
(7) Kuzvisimudzira uye kusagadzikana kwemagetsi emajenereta ari kure akabatana negridi nemitsara refu yeEHV inogona kudziviswa nekuwedzera tambo yekuchaja yemuchina nekushandisa kune iyo yakaipa excitation uye / kana kushandisa zvachose yakabatana EHV shunt reactor.
(8) Zvigadziro zvinogona kuitwa mukugadzirwa kwemajenareta uye nheyo dzayo kuti dzipe dziviriro kubva kumasimba ekudengenyeka kwepasi nemari shoma.
Main Parameters yeDehar Majenareta
Short Circuit Ratio = 1.06
Transient Reactance Direct Axis = 0.2
Flywheel Effect = 39.5 x 106 lb ft2
Xnq/Xnd kwete yakakura kupfuura = 1.2
Nguva yekutumira: May-11-2021
