Iinkxalabo zokutshintsha kwemozulu zizise ukugxila okuhlaziyiweyo ekwandeni kwemveliso yombane wamanzi njengento enokubakho endaweni yombane osuka kumafutha efosili.I-Hydropower okwangoku ithatha malunga ne-6% yombane oveliswa e-United States, kwaye ukuveliswa kombane kumbane owenziwe ngamanzi akuvelisi kukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.Nangona kunjalo, njengoko uninzi lwemithombo emikhulu yombane osetyenziswa ngamanzi emveli sele iphuhlisiwe, ingqiqo yamandla acocekileyo kuphuhliso lwemithombo yombane omncinci kunye nentloko ephantsi yombane wamanzi inokubakho ngoku.
Ukuveliswa kwamandla avela kwimilambo kunye nemisinga akukho mpikiswano, kwaye ukubanakho ukuvelisa amandla kule mithombo kuya kufuneka kulinganiswe ngokuchasene nokusingqongileyo kunye nezinye iinkxalabo zoluntu.Olo lungelelwaniso lunokuxhaswa luphando kubuchwepheshe obutsha kunye nemimiselo yokucinga phambili ekhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwezi zixhobo kwiindlela ezingabizi kakhulu, ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo eziqaphela ukuba ezo ndawo, xa sele zakhiwe, zinokuhlala ubuncinane iminyaka engama-50.
Uphononongo lokwenzeka kweLebhu yeSizwe yase-Idaho ngo-2006 thaca uvavanyo lwesakhono sophuhliso lwemithombo yamandla amancinci naphantsi okwenziwa kombane wamanzi eMelika.Malunga neziza ezingama-5,400 ze-100,000 zaye zamiselwa ukuba zibe namandla eeprojekthi zokuvelisa amanzi amancinci (okt, ukubonelela phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-30 yeeMegawatts zamandla aphakathi ngonyaka).ISebe lezaMandla lase-US liqikelele ukuba ezi projekthi (ukuba ziphuhlisiwe) zingakhokelela ekonyukeni okungaphezulu kwama-50% kumbane uwonke oveliswa ngamanzi.Amandla ombane anentloko esezantsi aqhele ukubhekisa kwiziza ezinentloko (oko kukuthi, umahluko womphakamo) ongaphantsi kweemitha ezintlanu (malunga neefithi ezili-16).
Amaziko ombane ophuma emfuleni ngokubanzi axhomekeke ekuhambeni kwendalo kwemilambo nemisinga, kwaye ayakwazi ukusebenzisa umthamo omncinci wokuhamba kwamanzi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwakha amadama amakhulu.Iziseko zoncedo eziyilelwe ukuhambisa amanzi kwimibhobho efana nemisele, imisele yokunkcenkceshela, imijelo yamanzi nemibhobho nazo zinokubotshelelwa ukuvelisa umbane.Iivalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zonikezelo lwamanzi kunye neshishini lokunciphisa ukwakheka koxinzelelo lolwelo kwivalvu okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ukuya kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lokusetyenziswa ngabathengi benkqubo yamanzi banikezela ngamathuba awongezelelweyo okuvelisa umbane.
Iibhili ezininzi ezisalindileyo ngoku kwiCongress yokunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu kunye namandla acocekileyo afuna ukuseka umgangatho wombane ovuselelekayo (okanye umbane) (RES).Okuphambili phakathi kwezi HR 2454, i-American Clean Energy and Security Act ka-2009, kunye ne-S. 1462, i-American Clean Energy Leadership Act ka-2009. Ngaphantsi kweziphakamiso zangoku, i-RES iya kufuna ukuba ababoneleli bombane abathengisayo bafumane iipesenti ezikhulayo zombane ohlaziyiweyo amandla abawanikezela kubathengi.Nangona amandla ombane athathwa ngokuba ngumthombo ococekileyo wamandla ombane, buchwephesha be-hydrokinetic kuphela (obuxhomekeke emanzini ahambayo) kunye nosetyenziso olunyiniweyo lombane ovela emanzini obuya kulungela iRES.Xa kujongwa ulwimi olukhoyo ngoku kumatyala asalindelweyo, akunakwenzeka ukuba uninzi lweeprojekthi zombane oqhutywa ngamanzi amancinci omlambo zifikelele kwiimfuno “zokuvelisa umbane ofanelekileyo” ngaphandle kokuba ezi projekthi zifakelwe kumadama akhoyo angengowombane.
Xa kujongwa ubungakanani obuncinci beeprojekthi xa kuthelekiswa neendleko zophuhliso lombane omncinci kunye nentloko ephantsi yombane wamanzi, amaxabiso enkuthazo yombane oveliswayo ngokuhamba kwexesha anokunyusa ukwenzeka kweprojekthi esekelwe kwintengiso yombane.Ngaloo ndlela, ngomgaqo-nkqubo wamandla acocekileyo njengomqhubi, inkuthazo karhulumente inokuba luncedo.Uphuhliso olongezelelweyo lwamandla ombane amancinci kunye nangaphantsi kwinqanaba elibanzi luya kuza kuphela njengesiphumo somgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe ojolise ekukhuthazeni iinjongo zamandla acocekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2021
