I-China lilizwe elisaphuhlayo elinabemi abaninzi kunye nelona lizwe lisetyenziswa kakhulu ngamalahle emhlabeni.Ukufezekisa injongo ye "carbon peak kunye ne-carbon neutrality" (emva koku kuthiwa "injongo ye-carbon dual") njengoko icwangcisiwe, imisebenzi enzima kunye nemingeni ayinakwenzeka ngaphambili.Indlela yokulwa le mfazwe enzima, ukuphumelela olu vavanyo lukhulu, kwaye uqaphele uphuhliso oluluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi, kusekho imiba emininzi ebalulekileyo ekufuneka icaciswe, enye yazo yindlela yokuqonda amandla amancinci elizwe lam.
Ke, ngaba ukufezekiswa kwenjongo “yekhabhoni-mbini” yombane omncinci wombane lukhetho olunokulahlwa?Ngaba impembelelo ye-ikholoji yombane omncinci wamanzi inkulu okanye imbi?Ngaba iingxaki zezinye izikhululo zombane amancinane “ziyintlekele yendalo” enganakusonjululwa?Ngaba umbane welizwe lam omncinci owenziwe ngamanzi “uxhatshazwe ngokugqithisileyo”?Le mibuzo ifuna ngokungxamisekileyo ukucinga kunye neempendulo zenzululwazi nengqiqo.
Ukuphuhlisa ngamandla amandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nokukhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo entsha yamandla eqhelana nenxalenye ephezulu yamandla ahlaziyekayo kukuvumelana kunye nesenzo sotshintsho lwamandla lwangoku lwamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye ikwalukhetho lweqhinga lwelizwe lam ukuphumeza "ikhabhoni ezimbini. ” injongo.
UNobhala Jikelele u-Xi Jinping uthe kwiNgqungquthela ye-Climate Ambition Summit kunye neNgqungquthela yeMozulu yeeNkokheli ekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo: "Amandla angeyonxalenye yefossil aya kwenza malunga ne-25% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuqala ngo-2030, kunye nomthamo ofakiweyo womoya kunye nelanga. amandla aya kufikelela ngaphezu 1.2 billion kilowatts."I-China iya kulawula ngokungqongqo iiprojekthi zombane wamalahle."
Ukufezekisa oku nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nokuthembeka konikezelo lombane ngaxeshanye, nokuba imithombo yombane welizwe lam inokuphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye iphuhliswe kuqala idlala indima ebalulekileyo.Izizathu zezi zilandelayo:
Eyokuqala kukuhlangabezana nemfuneko ye-25% yemithombo yamandla engezizo iifosili ngo-2030, kwaye amandla ombane ayimfuneko.Ngokoqikelelo lwemizi-mveliso, ngo-2030, amandla elizwe lam okuvelisa amandla angeyiyo ifosili kufuneka afikelele ngaphezu kwe-4.6 yetriliyoni zeekilowatt-iiyure ngonyaka.Ngelo xesha, amandla omoya kunye namandla elanga afakelweyo aya kuqokelela i-1.2 yebhiliyoni yeekilowathi, kunye nombane okhoyo wamanzi, amandla enyukliya kunye nobunye amandla okuvelisa amandla angengawo awefosili.Kukho umsantsa wamandla malunga ne-1 yetriliyoni ye-kilowatt-iiyure.Enyanisweni, amandla okuvelisa amandla omthombo wombane wamanzi anokuphuhliswa kwilizwe lam afikelela kwi-3 yetriliyoni zeekilowatt-iiyure ngonyaka.Inqanaba langoku lophuhliso lingaphantsi kwe-44% (elilingana nelahleko ye-1.7 yetriliyoni yeekhilowatt-iiyure zokuveliswa kwamandla ngonyaka).Ukuba inokufikelela kumyinge wangoku wamazwe aphuhlileyo Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yenqanaba lophuhliso lombane wamanzi unokongeza i-1.1 yetriliyoni zeekhilowatt-iiyure zombane ngonyaka, ezingazalisi nje kuphela isithuba sombane, kodwa nokwandisa kakhulu amandla ethu okhuseleko lwamanzi afana nezikhukhula. ukhuselo nembalela, ubonelelo lwamanzi nokunkcenkceshela.Ngenxa yokuba amandla ombane kunye nogcino lwamanzi azikwazi ukwahlulwa ngokubanzi, amandla okulawula nokulawula ubutyebi bamanzi aphantsi kakhulu ukuba ilizwe lam lingabi nasemva kumazwe aphuhlileyo eYurophu naseMelika.
Okwesibini kukusombulula ingxaki yokuguquguquka okungakhethiyo yamandla omoya kunye namandla elanga, kunye nombane owenziwe ngamanzi nawo awunakwahlulwa.Ngo-2030, umlinganiselo wamandla omoya afakiweyo kunye namandla elanga kwigridi yamandla uya kunyuka ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-25% ukuya ubuncinane kwi-40%.Amandla omoya kunye namandla elanga zombini zikwenza umbane okwethutyana, kwaye okukhona uphezulu umlinganiselo, kokukhona ziphezulu iimfuno zokugcina amandla egridi.Phakathi kwazo zonke iindlela zangoku zokugcina amandla, ukugcinwa kwempompo, enembali engaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka, iteknoloji ekhulile kakhulu, ukhetho olungcono lwezoqoqosho, kunye nokukwazi ukuphuhliswa okukhulu.Ukusukela ekupheleni kuka-2019, i-93.4% yeeprojekthi zokugcina amandla ehlabathi zigcinwa ngokumpontshwa, kwaye i-50% yomthamo ofakelweyo wokugcinwa kompompo ugxile kumazwe aphuhlileyo eYurophu naseMelika.Ukusebenzisa "uphuhliso olugcweleyo lwamandla amanzi" njenge "ibhetri ephezulu" kuphuhliso olukhulu lwamandla omoya kunye namandla elanga kunye nokuwajika abe ngamandla azinzileyo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu olawulekayo ngamava abalulekileyo kwiinkokheli zangoku zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kumazwe ngamazwe. .Okwangoku, umthamo welizwe lam ofakelweyo wogcino olumpontshwayo wenza kuphela i-1.43% yegridi, nto leyo isisilelo esikhulu esithintela ukufezekiswa kwenjongo “yekhabhoni ezimbini”.
Umbane omncinci owenziwe ngamanzi uthatha isinye kwisihlanu selizwe lam lilonke lamandla ombane aphuhliswayo ngamanzi (okulingana nezikhululo zombane eziNtathu zeMiwonyo).Ayingowayo kuphela ukuveliswa kombane kunye namagalelo okunciphisa ukukhutshwa kombane ayinakungahoywa, kodwa okona kubaluleke ngakumbi, imizi-mveliso emininzi yombane oveliswa ngamanzi asasazwe kwilizwe lonke Inokuguqulwa ibe sisikhululo samandla esimpontshwayo kwaye ibe yinkxaso eyimfuneko eyimfuneko “kwinkqubo entsha yamandla enokuthi iguqulelwe ukuba ibe sisikhululo sombane esimpontshwayo. iqhelana nomlinganiselo ophezulu wamandla omoya namandla elanga kwigridi.”
Nangona kunjalo, umbane omncinci welizwe lam udibene neempembelelo "zobukhulu obunye bulingana nako konke ukudilizwa" kwezinye iindawo xa amandla obutyebi angekaphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo.Amazwe aphuhlileyo, aphuhle kakhulu kunawethu, asasokola ukusebenzisa amandla amancinci ombane ophehlwa ngamanzi.Ngokomzekelo, ngoAprili 2021, uSekela Mongameli waseUnited States uHarris wathi esidlangalaleni: “Imfazwe yangaphambili yayiyeyokulwela ioli, kwaye imfazwe elandelayo yayiyeyokulwela amanzi.Umthetho oyilwayo we Biden uya kugxila kulondolozo lwamanzi, nto leyo eya kuzisa ingqesho.Ikwanxulumene nezibonelelo esithembele kuzo ukuze siziphilise.Ukutyala imali kula manzi “emveliso ixabisekileyo” kuya komeleza amandla elizwe laseUnited States.I-Switzerland, apho uphuhliso lombane wamanzi luphezulu ukuya kuma-97%, luya kwenza konke okusemandleni ukulusebenzisa ngaphandle kobukhulu bomlambo okanye ukuphakama kokuhla., Ngokwakha iitonela ezinde kunye nemibhobho ecaleni kweentaba, imithombo yombane wamanzi esasazeke kwiintaba kunye nemisinga iya kugxininiswa kumadama kwaye emva koko isetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umbane omncinci wamanzi uye wachazwa njengoyena nobangela “wokonakalisa indalo”.Abanye abantu bade bakhuthaza ukuba “zonke izikhululo zombane ezincinci ezikumlambo iYangtze kufuneka zidilizwe.”Ukuchasa amandla amancinci ombane kubonakala “kusefashonini.”
Nokuba zeziphi na iingenelo ezimbini eziphambili ze-ikholoji zombane omncinci wokucuthwa kwekhabhoni yelizwe lam kunye “nokutshintshwa kweenkuni ngombane” kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, kukho iingqiqo ezimbalwa ezisisiseko ekungafuneki ukuba zingacacanga xa kufikwa kukhuseleko lwendalo lwemilambo. ukuba uluvo loluntu lwentlalo luxhalabile.Kulula ukungena “kulwazi lwendalo”-ukuphatha intshabalalo “njengokhuseleko” kunye nokuhlehla “njengophuhliso”.
Esinye sesokuba umlambo oqukuqelayo ngokwemvelo nongenazo naziphi na izithintelo awuyontsikelelo nangayiphi na indlela kodwa yintlekele eluntwini.Abantu baphila emanzini baze bavumele imilambo iqukuqele ngokukhululekileyo, nto leyo elingana nokuvumela izikhukula ziphuphume ngokukhululekileyo ngamaxesha amanzi amaninzi, nokuyeka imilambo yome ngokukhululekileyo ngamaxesha amanzi aphantsi.Kungenxa yokuba inani lezehlo kunye nokufa kwezikhukula kunye nesomiso ziphezulu kuzo zonke iintlekele zendalo, ukulawulwa kwezikhukhula zomlambo kuye kwahlala kuthathwa njengomba omkhulu wolawulo e-China nakwamanye amazwe.Itekhnoloji yokudambisa kunye nombane wamanzi yenze umtsi osemgangathweni ekukwazini ukulawula izikhukula zemilambo.Ukuphuphuma kwemilambo nezikhukula bezigqalwa njengamandla atshabalalisayo endalo angenakuthintelwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, kwaye ziye zaba lulawulo lomntu., Bopha amandla kwaye wenze kube luncedo eluntwini (inkcenkceshela amasimi, ukufumana umfutho, njl.).Ke ngoko, ukwakha amadama kunye nokuvala amanzi okulungisa umhlaba yinkqubela phambili yempucuko yabantu, kwaye ukususwa kwawo onke amadama kuya kuvumela abantu ukuba babuyele kwimeko yobuqhetseba "yokuthembela ezulwini ngokutya, ukurhoxa, kunye nokuncamathela kwendalo".
Okwesibini, imo engqongileyo elungileyo yendalo yamazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nemimandla ubukhulu becala ibangelwa kukwakhiwa kwamadama emilambo kunye nophuhliso olupheleleyo lombane ophehlwa ngamanzi.Okwangoku, ngaphandle kokwakha amadama namadama, uluntu alunayo enye indlela yokucombulula ngokusisiseko ukuphikisana kokusasazwa ngokungalingani kobuncwane bamanzi endalo ngexesha nakwindawo.Isakhono sokulawula nokulawula ubutyebi bamanzi obuphawulwe ngeqondo lophuhliso lombane wamanzi kunye nomthamo wogcino lomntu ngamnye awukho kumazwe ngamazwe.Umgca”, ngokuchaseneyo, kokukhona kungcono.Amazwe aphuhlileyo eYurophu nase-United States agqibe ngokusisiseko uphuhliso lwe-cascade yombane wamanzi omlambo kwasekuqaleni nje phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-20, kwaye inqanaba labo lophuhliso lombane wombane kunye nomthamo wogcino ngomntu ngamnye liphindwe kabini nakahlanu kwelo lizwe lam, ngokulandelelanayo.Ukuziqhelanisa kudala kungqina ukuba iiprojekthi zombane azikho "ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu" emilambo, kodwa "izihlunu ze-sphincter" ziyimfuneko ukugcina impilo.Inqanaba le-cascade hydropower development liphezulu kakhulu kunelo laseDanube, iRhine, iColumbia, iMississippi, iTennessee kunye neminye imilambo emikhulu yaseYurophu naseMelika yoMlambo iYangtze, zonke zintle, zichumile ngokwezoqoqosho, neendawo ezihambelanayo nabantu kunye namanzi. .
Eyesithathu kukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokuphazamiseka kwamacandelo emilambo okubangelwa kukuphambukiswa kombane omncinci wamanzi, olululawulo olulambathayo endaweni yesiphene esingokwemvelo.Isikhululo samandla ombane iDiversion hydropower luhlobo lobuchwephesha bosetyenziso olukwizinga eliphezulu lwamandla ombane oluxhaphake kakhulu ekhaya nakumazwe angaphandle.Ngenxa yolwakhiwo lwakwangoko lwezinye iiprojekthi zombane omncinci wohlobo lophambuko kwilizwe lam, ucwangciso kunye noyilo lwalungekho ngokwenzululwazi ngokwaneleyo.Ngelo xesha, kwakungekho lwazi kunye neendlela zokulawula zokuqinisekisa "ukuhamba kwezinto eziphilayo", okwakhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kwamanzi ngokugqithisileyo ukuvelisa umbane kunye necandelo lomlambo phakathi kwezityalo kunye namadama (uninzi lweekhilomitha ezininzi ubude).Imeko yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokomisa kwemilambo kwezinye iikhilomitha ezininzi) igxekwe kakhulu luluvo loluntu.Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokuqukuqela komileyo akulunganga kwi-ecology yomlambo, kodwa ukusombulula ingxaki, asinakuqhwaba ibhodi, unobangela kunye nesiphumo sokungafani, kwaye sibeke inqwelo phambi kwehashe.Izibakala ezimbini kufuneka zicaciswe: Okokuqala, iimeko zendalo zelizwe lam zimisela ukuba imilambo emininzi yeyonyaka.Nokuba akukho sikhululo sombane wamanzi, umjelo womlambo uya kuphelelwa ngamanzi kwaye wome ngexesha lonyaka elomileyo (esi sisizathu sokuba iTshayina yakudala neyanamhlanje kunye namazwe angaphandle anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ekwakhiweni kogcino lwamanzi kunye nokuqokelelwa kobuninzi kunye nobuninzi. ukoma).Amanzi awangcolisi amanzi, kwaye ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokunqunyulwa okubangelwa ngumbane omncinci wohlobo lwe-diversion-uhlobo oluthile lombane wamanzi unokusombulula ngokupheleleyo ngoguqulo lobuchwepheshe kunye nokomeleza ukongamela.Kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, umbane wamanzi omncinci wohlobo lwe-diversion-uhlobo lwasekhaya ugqibezele inguqu yobugcisa "yeeyure ezingama-24 eziqhubekayo zokuphuma kokuhamba kwendalo", kwaye kwaseka inkqubo engqongqo yexesha lokwenyani yokubeka iliso kwi-intanethi kunye neqonga lokongamela.
Ke ngoko, kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokuqonda ukubaluleka kwexabiso elibalulekileyo le-hydropower encinci ekukhuselweni kwendalo kwimilambo emincinci naphakathi: ayiqinisekisi nje ukuhamba kwendalo yomlambo wokuqala, kodwa inciphisa iingozi zezikhukhula, kwaye ukwahlangabezana neemfuno zokuphila zobonelelo lwamanzi kunye nokunkcenkceshela.Okwangoku, umbane omncinci wamanzi unokuvelisa kuphela umbane xa kukho amanzi agqithisileyo emva kokuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwe-ikholoji yomlambo.Kungenxa kanye kanye ngenxa yobukho bezikhululo zamandla ombane ezenza ukuba ithambeka lokuqala libe liqhina kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukugcina amanzi ngaphandle kwakwixesha lemvula.Kunoko, iyanyathelwa.Umhlaba ugcina amanzi kwaye uphucula kakhulu i-ecology.Ubume bombane omncinci ophehlwa ngamanzi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esiyimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni impilo yeelali needolophu ezincinci neziphakathi kunye nokulawula nokulawula ubutyebi bamanzi kwimilambo emincinci nephakathi.Ngenxa yeengxaki zolawulo olulambathayo lwezinye izikhululo zombane, onke amandla amancinci ombane adilizwa ngenkani, nto leyo ethandabuzekayo.
Urhulumente ophakathi uye wakwenza kwacaca ukuba ukunyuka kwekhabhoni kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kufuneka kufakwe kwisakhiwo esipheleleyo sokwakhiwa kwempucuko yendalo.Ngexesha “leSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu ye-14”, ulwakhiwo lwempucuko yezendalo yelizwe lam luza kugxila ekunciphiseni ikhabhoni njengesikhokelo sobuchule esingundoqo.Kufuneka silandele ngokungagungqiyo umendo wophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu ngokubaluleka kwe-ikholoji, uhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi.Ukhuseleko lwendalo esingqongileyo kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho zidityanisiwe kwaye ziyahambelana.
Oorhulumente basekhaya kufuneka baqonde ngokuchanekileyo kwaye baphumeze ngokwenene imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neemfuno zorhulumente omkhulu.UFujian Xiadang Small Hydropower wenze ukutolika kakuhle koku.
Ilokishi yaseXiadang eseNingde, iFujian yayifudula iyilokishi ehluphekayo kakhulu kwaye “akukho zilokishi ezintlanu” (akukho ndlela, akukho manzi ahambahambayo, akukho zibane, akukho ngeniso yemali, akukho ofisi karhulumente) kwimpuma yeFujian.Ukusebenzisa imithombo yamanzi yasekuhlaleni ukwakha isikhululo sombane “kufana nokubamba inkukhu ekwaziyo ukubeka amaqanda.”Ngo-1989, xa iimali zasekuhlaleni zazixinene kakhulu, iKomiti yeSithili saseNingde yabela iiyuan ezingama-400,000 ukwakha umbane omncinci wamanzi.Ukusukela ngoko, iqela elisezantsi liye lavalelisa kwimbali yemigca ye-bamboo kunye nezibane zepine resin.Ukunkcenkceshelwa kwamasimi angaphezu kwama-2 000 kuye kwasonjululwa, yaye abantu baye baqalisa ukucamngca ngendlela yokufumana ubutyebi, besenza amashishini amabini aphambili eti nokhenketho.Ngokuphuculwa komgangatho wokuphila kwabantu kunye nemfuno yombane, iNkampani ye-Xiadang Small Hydropower iqhube umsebenzi wokwandisa kunye nokuphucula kunye nokuguqula amaxesha amaninzi.Esi sikhululo samandla sohlobo lokuphambukisa "sokonakalisa umlambo kunye nokujikeleza amanzi ukuze kulungiswe umhlaba" ngoku siqhuba ngokuqhubekayo iiyure ezingama-24.Ukuhamba kwendalo kuqinisekisa ukuba imilambo esezantsi icacile kwaye igudile, ibonisa umfanekiso omhle wokupheliswa kwentlupheko, ukuvuselelwa kwamaphandle, kunye nophuhliso oluluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi.Uphuhliso lombane omncinci ophehlwa ngamanzi ukuze kuqhutywe uqoqosho lweqela elinye, kukhuselwe okusingqongileyo, kwaye kuxhamle abantu beqela elinye ngumfuziselo kanye wombane omncinci ophehlwa ngamanzi kwiindawo ezininzi ezisemaphandleni nakwimimandla ekude yelizwe lethu.
Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iindawo zelizwe, "ukususwa kombane omncinci owenziwe ngamanzi kwibhodi yonke" kunye "nokukhawulezisa ukurhoxiswa kwamandla amancinci ombane" kuthathwa "njengokubuyiselwa kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo".Lo mkhuba ubangele imiphumo emibi kakhulu kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho nentlalontle, kwaye ingqwalasela engxamisekileyo iyadingeka kwaye izilungiso kufuneka zenziwe ngokukhawuleza.umzekelo:
Eyokuqala kukungcwaba iingozi ezinkulu zokhuseleko kukhuseleko lobomi kunye nepropathi yabantu basekuhlaleni.Phantse i-90% yokusilela kwamadama ehlabathini kwenzeka kumadama angenazitishi zombane.Isenzo sokugcina idama ledama kodwa ukudilizwa kweyunithi yombane wamanzi kunyhasha inzululwazi kwaye kufana nokuphulukana nesona siqinisekiso sokhuseleko sisebenzayo ngokwemigaqo yobugcisa kunye nolawulo lokhuseleko lwemihla ngemihla lwedama.
Okwesibini, imimandla esele ifumene incopho yekhabhoni yombane kufuneka inyuse amandla amalahle ukwenza ukunqongophala.Urhulumente oyintloko ufuna ukuba imimandla enemiqathango ikhokele ekuphumezeni injongo yokufikelela incopho.Ukususwa kombane omncinci wombane kwibhodi yonke kuya kwandisa unikezelo lwamalahle nombane ngokuqinisekileyo kwiindawo apho iimeko zobutyebi bendalo zingekho ntle, kungenjalo kuya kubakho umsantsa omkhulu, kwaye ezinye iindawo zinokude zibandezeleke kukunqongophala kombane.
Okwesithathu kukonakalisa kakhulu imihlaba yendalo kunye nemigxobhozo kunye nokunciphisa uthintelo lweentlekele kunye namandla okunciphisa kwiindawo zeentaba.Ngokususwa kwamandla amancinane ombane, iindawo ezininzi ezibukekayo, iipaki zemigxobhozo, amang’ang’ane asecrested kunye nezinye iindawo zokuhlala ezinqabileyo zeentaka ezixhomekeke kwindawo yokugcina amanzi aziyi kuphinda zibekho.Ngaphandle kokuchithwa kwamandla kwizikhululo zombane wamanzi, akunakwenzeka ukunciphisa ukukhukuliseka kunye nokukhukuliseka kweentlambo zeentaba ngemilambo, kunye neentlekele ze-geological ezifana nokudilika komhlaba kunye nodaka luya kwanda.
Okwesine, ukuboleka kunye nokudilizwa kwezikhululo zombane kusenokubangela imingcipheko yezemali kwaye kuchaphazele uzinzo lwentlalo.Ukurhoxiswa kombane omncinci wombane kuza kufuna isixa esikhulu seemali zembuyekezo, nto leyo eya kubeka imimandla emininzi ehlwempuzekileyo yenqanaba likarhulumente esanda kukhulula iminqwazi yawo kumatyala amakhulu.Ukuba imbuyekezo ayifikanga kwangethuba, oko kuya kukhokelela kukusilela kwemali-mboleko.Okwangoku, kukho iingxabano zentlalo kunye neziganeko zokukhusela amalungelo kwezinye iindawo.
I-Hydropower ayingombane ococekileyo ovunyiweyo luluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa unolawulo lobutyebi bamanzi kunye nomsebenzi wokulawula ongenakususwa yiyo nayiphi na enye iprojekthi.Amazwe aphuhlileyo eYurophu naseUnited States akakaze angene “kwixesha lokudilizwa kwamadama”.Ngokuchasene noko, kungenxa yokuba inqanaba lophuhliso lombane wamanzi kunye nomthamo wogcino ngomntu ngamnye uphezulu kakhulu kunelizwe lethu.Khuthaza inguqu "100% yamandla ahlaziyekayo ngo-2050" ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.
Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo okanye ngaphezulu, ngenxa yokulahlekisa “yokwenziwa kweedemon kumandla ombane,” indlela abantu abaninzi abawuqonda ngayo amandla ombane ihleli ikwinqanaba elisezantsi noko.Ezinye iiprojekthi ezinkulu zombane wamanzi ezinxulumene noqoqosho lwelizwe kunye nokuphila kwabantu ziye zarhoxiswa okanye zavalelwa.Ngenxa yoko, amandla okulawula ubutyebi bamanzi elizwe lam ngoku sisinye kwisihlanu kuphela somgangatho ophakathi wamazwe aphuhlileyo, kwaye isixa samanzi akhoyo ngomntu ngamnye ebesoloko ekwimeko “yokunqongophala okukhulu kwamanzi” ngokwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye I-Yangtze River Basin ijongene nolawulo oluqatha lwezikhukhula kunye nokulwa nezikhukhula phantse minyaka le.uxinzelelo.Ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwe "demonization of hydropower" akupheliswanga, kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi kuthi ukuphumeza injongo "yekhabhoni ezimbini" ngenxa yokungabikho kwegalelo kwi-hydropower.
Nokuba kukugcina ukhuseleko lwamanzi esizwe kunye nokhuseleko lokutya, okanye ukuzalisekisa isibophelelo esindilekileyo selizwe lam kwinjongo yamazwe ngamazwe “yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini”, uphuhliso lombane owenziwe ngamanzi alusenakulibaziseka.Kuyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo ukucoca kunye nohlengahlengiso kwishishini elincinci lombane wamanzi, kodwa alinako ukugqithisa kwaye lichaphazele imeko yonke, kwaye ayinakwenziwa kwibhodi yonke, singasathethi ke ngokumisa uphuhliso olulandelayo lwamandla ombane amancinci anamandla amakhulu obutyebi.Kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokubuyela kwingqiqo yenzululwazi, ukudibanisa imvisiswano yoluntu, ukuphepha ukuphambuka neendlela eziphosakeleyo, kunye nokuhlawula iindleko ezingeyomfuneko zentlalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-14-2021
