Kwinqaku lokugqibela, sazise isisombululo se-DC AC."imfazwe" yaphela ngokuloyisa kwe-AC.ngoko ke, i-AC yafumana intwasahlobo yophuhliso lwemarike kwaye yaqala ukuhlala kwimarike eyayihlala yi-DC.Emva kwale "mfazwe", i-DC kunye ne-AC zakhuphisana kwisikhululo sombane samanzi sase-Adams e-Niagara Falls.
Ngowe-1890, iUnited States yakha isikhululo sombane saseNiagara Falls Adams.Ukuze kuvavanywe izikimu ezahlukeneyo ze-AC kunye ne-DC, iKomishoni yaMandla yeNiagara yesizwe neyamazwe ngamazwe yasekwa.UWestinghouse kunye noGe bathathe inxaxheba kukhuphiswano.Okokugqibela, ngodumo lwayo olukhulayo emva koloyiso lwemfazwe ye-AC / DC kunye neetalente zeqela lezazinzulu ezigqwesileyo ezifana noTesla, kunye novavanyo oluyimpumelelo losasazo lwe-AC eGreat Barrington ngo-1886 kunye nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwe-alternator kwi-larffen. umzi-mveliso wamandla eJamani, iWestinghouse ekugqibeleni yaphumelela ikontraki yokwenziwa kwe-10 5000P yeejenereyitha ze-AC hydro.Ngo-1894, i-5000P yokuqala ye-hydro generator ye-Niagara Falls Adams isikhululo samandla sazalwa eWestinghouse.Ngowe-1895, iyunithi yokuqala yaqalisa ukusebenza.Ekwindla ka-1896, izigaba ezibini ezitshintshanayo zangoku eziveliswe yijenereyitha yatshintshwa yangamanqanaba amathathu ngeScot transformer, yaze yagqithiselwa eBaffalo 40km kude ngenkqubo yothumelo lwezigaba ezithathu.
I-hydro generator yesikhululo samandla e-Adams e-Niagara Falls yenzelwe ngu-BG lamme (1884-1924), injineli eyintloko ye-Westinghouse, ngokwe-patent kaTesla, kunye nodadewabo u-B. lamme naye wathatha inxaxheba kuyilo.Iyunithi iqhutywa yi-fournellon turbine (i-runner ephindwe kabini, ngaphandle kwe-tube eyidrafti), kwaye i-generator yi-vertical-phase-synchronous generator generator, 5000hp, 2000V, 25Hz, 250r / mln.Ijenereyitha inezi mpawu zilandelayo;
(1) Umthamo omkhulu kunye nobukhulu obude.Ngaphambi koko, umthamo weyunithi enye ye-hydro generator ayizange idlule i-1000 HPA.Kunokuthiwa i-5000bp generator ye-hydropower ye-Adar hydropower station e-Niagara Falls yayingeyona nje ijenereyitha enkulu ye-hydro eneyunithi enye emhlabeni ngelo xesha, kodwa inyathelo lokuqala eliphambili ekuphuhliseni i-hydro generator ukusuka kwincinci ukuya enkulu. .
(2) I-armature conductor ifakwe kwi-mica okokuqala.
(3) Ezinye iindlela ezisisiseko zeejenereyitha ze-hydro zanamhlanje zamkelwa, njengesambrela emileyo evaliweyo.Iiseti zokuqala ezisi-8 zezobume apho iipali zemagneti zimi ngaphandle (uhlobo lwepivot), kwaye iiseti ezimbini zokugqibela zitshintshwa zibe kwisakhiwo ngokubanzi sangoku apho iipali zemagneti zijikeleza ngaphakathi (uhlobo lwentsimi).
(4) Indlela yokuvuselela ekhethekileyo.Eyokuqala isebenzisa amandla e-DC aveliswa yijenereyitha ye-DC yomphunga ekufutshane yokuvuselela.Emva kweminyaka emibini okanye emithathu, zonke iiyunithi ziya kusebenzisa iijenereyitha ze-DC ezincinci njenge-exciters.
(5) I-frequency ye-25Hz yamkelwa.Ngelo xesha, izinga le-Ying lase-United States lalinezinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwi-16.67hz ukuya kwi-1000fhz.Emva kokuhlalutya kunye nokuthobela, i-25Hz yamkelwa.Eli xesha lide libe ngumgangatho oqhelekileyo kwezinye iindawo zase-United States ixesha elide.
(6) Ngaphambili, umbane oveliswa zizixhobo zokuvelisa umbane ubukhulu becala wawusetyenziselwa ukukhanyisa, ngoxa umbane oveliswa sisikhululo samandla saseNiagara Falls Adams wawusetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala umbane wemizi-mveliso.
(7) Ukuhanjiswa kwezorhwebo okude kwisigaba sesithathu se-AC kuye kwaqatshelwa okokuqala, okuye kwadlala indima engumzekelo ekugqithiseni kunye nokusetyenziswa okubanzi kwesigaba sesithathu se-AC.emva kweminyaka eli-10 yokusebenza, iiyunithi ze-10 5000bp zejenereyitha ye-iturbine yamanzi kwisikhululo sombane wamanzi e-Adams ziye zahlaziywa ngokugqibeleleyo zaguqulwa.Zonke iiyunithi ze-10 zitshintshwe ngeeyunithi ezintsha ze-1000HP kunye ne-1200V, kwaye enye iyunithi entsha ye-5000P ifakwe, ukwenzela ukuba umthamo ofakiweyo wesikhululo samandla ufikelele kwi-105000hp.
Idabi le-AC ngqo yejenereyitha ye-hydro yaphumelela ekugqibeleni yi-AC.Ukususela ngoko, amandla e-DC wonakaliswe kakhulu, kwaye i-AC iqalile ukucula nokuhlasela kwimarike, ekwaye yabeka ithoni yokuphuhliswa kweejeneretha ze-hydro kwixesha elizayo.Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba into ephawulekayo kwinqanaba lokuqala kukuba i-DC hydro generators isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.Ngelo xesha, kwakukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-DC hydro motors.Enye yijenereyitha ene-voltage ephantsi.Iijenereyitha ezimbini zidityanisiwe kuthotho kwaye ziqhutywa yi turbine enye.Eyesibini yi-high-voltage generator, eyi-pivot ephindwe kabini kunye ne-double pole generator eyabelana ngeshaft enye.Iinkcukacha ziya kwaziswa kwinqaku elilandelayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-13-2021
