“IMimiselo yokuSebenza kweJenereyitha” eyakhutshwa okokuqala licandelo loBuphathiswa boShishino lwaMandla eyayisakuba ibonelele ngesiseko solungiselelo lwemigaqo yokusebenza kwindawo yomatshini wokuvelisa umbane, yachaza imigangatho efanayo yokusebenza kweejeneyitha, yaza yadlala indima entle ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko. kunye nokusebenza kwezoqoqosho kweejenereyitha.Kwi-1982, uMphathiswa wangaphambili weMithombo yaManzi kunye noMbane waMandla wahlaziya imimiselo yokuqala ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zophuhliso lweshishini lamandla ombane kunye nesishwankathelo samava asebenzayo.Imimiselo ehlaziyiweyo ikhutshwe ngoJuni 1982 phantse iminyaka engama-20.Ngeli xesha, amandla amakhulu, amandla aphezulu, iijeneretha ezenziwe kwamanye amazwe ziye zafakwa emva komnye.Ulwakhiwo, izixhobo, ukusebenza kobugcisa, iqondo lokuzitshintsha, izixhobo ezincedisayo kunye nokucwangciswa kwesixhobo sokubeka iliso kukhuseleko lwejenereyitha kuye kwatshintsha kakhulu ngenkqubela phambili yenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe.Inxalenye yemimiselo yemimiselo yokuqala ayisekho ngokufanelekileyo kwimeko yangoku yesixhobo;kunye nengqokelela yamava olawulo lomsebenzi, ukuphuculwa kweendlela zolawulo, kunye nokwamkelwa ngokuqhubekayo kweendlela zolawulo lwale mihla, inqanaba leyunithi yokusebenza lolawulo lomsebenzi wejenereyitha liye laphuculwa kakhulu, kwaye lisasetyenziswa. Iinkqubo zolawulo kunye neendlela ezichazwe kwisiqalo imimiselo ayinakukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kunye noqoqosho lweejeneretha.Le "Migaqo yokuSebenza kweJenereyitha" iyasebenza kwiijenereyitha ze-injini yomphunga kunye neejenereyitha zombane wamanzi.Ingumgangatho oqhelekileyo wobugcisa kuzo zombini.Nangona imimiselo ekhethekileyo kwiijenereyitha ze-steam turbine kunye neejenereyitha zombane zichazwe kwimimiselo, Nangona kunjalo, ukugxila okudibeneyo akunamandla ngokwaneleyo, ukusetyenziswa akulula, kwaye imimiselo efunekayo kunye neenkcukacha ayinakwenziwa kwiimpawu zabo.Njengoko umyinge womthamo ofakelweyo wezityalo zombane oqhutywa ngamanzi uqhubeka ukhula, kuyafuneka ukuba kuqulunqwe imigaqo yokusebenza eyahlukeneyo yeejenereyitha zombane.Ngokusekwe kule meko ingasentla, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zophuhliso lwemveliso kunye nenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe kushishino lwamandla ombane kunye nemfuneko yokuhambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, owayesakuba nguMphathiswa woShishino lwaMandla oMbane iSebe leSayensi nobuChwephesha [ 1994] No. 42 “Ngokuphathelele umba wokusekwa nohlaziyo lwemigangatho yoshishino lwamandla ngo-1994 (okokuqala “iSaziso sokuVumela” sikhuphe umsebenzi wokuhlaziya “iMimiselo yokuSebenza kweGenereyitha” eyakhutshwa nguMphathiswa wokuqala weMithombo yaManzi noMbane. Amandla yiNkampani yangaphambili ye-Northeast Electric Power Group kunye nokuqulunqa kwakhona "iMimiselo yokuSebenza kweHydrogenerator".
Ukuqulunqwa kwe "Hydraulic Generator Operation Regulations" kwaqala ekupheleni kwe-1995. Phantsi kombutho kunye nobunkokeli benkampani yangaphambili ye-Northeast Electric Power Group Corporation, i-Fengman Power Plant yayijongene nokuhlaziywa kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwemimiselo.Kwinkqubo yokuhlaziywa kwemimiselo, imimiselo yokuqala yahlalutywa kwaye yafundwa ngokubanzi, kunye namaxwebhu ahambelanayo kuyilo lwejeneretha, ukuveliswa, iimeko zobugcisa, iimfuno zokusetyenziswa, imigangatho yobugcisa kunye namanye amaxwebhu adityaniswa kunye neemeko ezithile ze ukwenziwa nokusebenza kwe-hydro-generator yangoku.Kwaye uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji kwixesha elizayo, imimiselo yasekuqaleni icetywayo ukuba igcinwe, icinywe, iguqule, idibanise, kwaye iphucule umxholo.Kwesi siseko, emva kophando kunye nokucela izimvo kwezinye iziko lombane ophehlwa ngamanzi, idrafti yokuqala yemithetho yabekwa phambili kwaye uyilo lophononongo lwenziwa.NgoMeyi 1997, iSebe leMigangatho yeBhunga loMbane laseChina liququzelele intlanganiso yokuphonononga kwangaphambili "iMimiselo yokuSebenza kweGenereyitha yeHydraulic" (idrafti yokuhlaziywa).Ikomiti yophononongo yenziwe ngamaziko oyilo, amaziko ombane, amaziko ombane aphehlwa ngamanzi kunye namanye amacandelo aqhube uphononongo olunzulu lwemigaqo.Ukuphonononga nokubeka phambili iimfuno zeengxaki ezikhoyo kumxholo wemimiselo kunye nemibandela efuna ukuqwalaselwa kumalungiselelo.Ngokwesiseko sophononongo, iyunithi yokubhala yahlaziywa kwaye yancedisa kwakhona, kwaye yabeka phambili "iMimiselo yokuSebenza kwe-Hydraulic Generator" (idrafti yokuvunywa).
Utshintsho olubalulekileyo kumxholo wobugcisa lubandakanya la manqaku alandelayo:
(1) Ijeneretha yangaphakathi epholileyo yamanzi ibhalwe njengesahluko kwimimiselo yokuqala.Ngenxa yokuba zimbalwa kakhulu iijenereyitha zombane zamanzi ezipholileyo zangaphakathi ezisebenza e-China, kwaye ezinye zitshintshwe zaba zi-air-cooled, aziyi kubonakala kwixesha elizayo.Ngoko ke, umba wokupholisa kwamanzi wangaphakathi awuqukwanga kolu hlaziyo.Kuhlobo lokupholisa oluphuphumayo oluphuhliswe e-China kwiminyaka yakutshanje, lusekwinqanaba lovavanyo, kwaye inani leeyunithi ezisebenzayo lincinci kakhulu.Iingxaki ezinxulumene nokupholisa okuphuphumayo aziqukwanga kulo mmiselo.Zinokongezwa kummiselo wokusebenza kwendawo ngokwemigaqo yomenzi kunye neemeko zangempela.yongeza.
(2) Lo mmiselo ngowokuphela komgangatho woshishino ekufuneka ulandelwe ekusebenzeni kweejenereyitha zombane oqhutywa ngamanzi kwimizi-mveliso yokuvelisa umbane.Abasebenzi abasebenza kwindawo kunye nolawulo kufuneka babe nobuchule kwaye banyanzeliswe ngokungqongqo.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba abaqhubi be-site abanalo ulwazi lwemigangatho yelizwe kunye nezoshishino ezinxulumene noyilo, ukuveliswa, iimeko zobugcisa kunye neminye imigangatho yeejenereyitha ze-hydro-turbine, kwaye abayiqondi amanye amagatya anxulumene. ekusebenzeni kweejenereyitha ze-hydro-iturbine, olu hlaziyo Ezinye izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo ezinxulumene nokusebenza kule migangatho ikhankanywe apha ngasentla kufuneka zibandakanywe kule migangatho ikhankanywe apha ngasentla, ukwenzela ukuba abaphathi bokusebenza kwisiza bakwazi ukuyilawula le mixholo kwaye balawule ngcono ukusetyenziswa kwe iijenereyitha.
(3) Ngokujonga inani elandayo lezikhululo zamandla ezimpontshwayo eTshayina, ukongeza kwiimfuno zalo mmiselo, isahluko sinikezelwe kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuqalisa eziguquguqukayo ezinxulumene nokusebenza kweejenereyitha/iimotor phantsi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. iimeko, ukuqala motor kunye neminye imiba.
(4) Ngokuphathelele “ababengajongwanga” (inani elincinane labantu abasemsebenzini) indlela entsha yomsebenzi ebandakanya ukusebenza kwejenereyitha, imigaqo ethile iye yamiselwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zendlela entsha yolawulo lokusebenza.Ngethuba lokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo, ezinye iingxaki ezintsha zinokuvela, kwaye iyunithi yokusebenza kufuneka inqume ngokusekelwe kwimeko yangempela kwisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.
5Emva kweminyaka elishumi yovavanyo lophuhliso kunye nokusebenza, iziphumo ezilungileyo ziye zafunyanwa, kwaye iye yaba yindlela yophuhliso lwasekhaya lweyunithi enkulu.Ngokutsho kwezibonelelo ze-DL / T 622-1997 "Iimeko zeTechnical for Flexible Metal Plastic Thrust Bearings of Vertical Hydrogenerators" evunyiweyo kwaye ikhutshwe nguMphathiswa wangaphambili we-Electric Power Industry kwi-1997, lo mmiselo ulawula ukushisa okusebenzayo kweebheringi zeplastiki, kunye nokulawula. ukuqala kunye nokuvalwa kweyunithi.Ubonelelo lwenziwa kwiingxaki ezifana nokupholisa uphazamiseko lokuphatha amanzi.
Lo mmiselo unendima ekhokelayo kulungiselelo lwemigaqo yesiza kumzi-mveliso ngamnye woveliso lombane.Ngokusekwe koku, umzi-mveliso ngamnye woveliso lombane kunye namaxwebhu omenzi aya kuqulunqa imigaqo yesiza ngokusekwe kwiimeko zokwenyani.
Lo mmiselo wandululwa nguMphathiswa wangaphambili woShishino loMbane woMbane.
Lo mmiselo uphantsi kolawulo lweKomiti yobuGcisa yoMgangatho weHydrogenerator yoShishino lwaMandla oMbane.
Uyilo lwentlangano yalo mmiselo: I-Fengman Power Plant.
Abaqulunqi abaphambili balo mmiselo: Sun Jiazhen, Xu Li, Geng Fu.Lo mmiselo utolikwa yiKomiti yobuGcisa yokuMiselwa kweeGenereyitha zeHydrojenereyitha kuShishino lwaMandla oMbane.
Imigaqo Jikelele yeMigangatho yoKwandisa
3.1 Iimfuno ngokubanzi
3.2 Umlinganiselo, umqondiso, ukhuseleko kunye nezixhobo zokubeka iliso
3.3 Inkqubo yolonwabo
3.4 Inkqubo yokupholisa
3.5 Ukuzala
4. Indlela yokusebenza yejenereyitha
4.1 Indlela yokusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezireyithiweyo
4.2 Imo yokusebenza xa ubushushu bomoya ongenileyo buguquguquka
4.3 Imo yokusebenza xa i-voltage, frequency kunye ne-power factor itshintsha
5 Ukubeka iliso, ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa komsebenzi wejenereyitha
5.1 Ukuqala, ukuhambelana, ukulayishwa nokumiswa kweejenereyitha
5.2 Ukubeka iliso, ukuhlolwa kunye nokugcinwa ngexesha lomsebenzi wejenereyitha
5.3 Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa kweringi yesiliphu kunye nebrashi ye-exciter commutator
5.4 Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa kwesixhobo sokuvuselela
6 Ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga kwejenereyitha kunye nokuphathwa kwengozi
6.1 Ukugcwala ngengozi kwejenereyitha
6.2 Ukuphathwa kweejenereyitha ngengozi
6.3 Ukusilela kunye nokusebenza ngokungaqhelekanga kwejenereyitha
6.4 Ukusilela kwenkqubo yovuselelo
7. Ukusebenza kwejenereyitha/motor
7.1 Imo yokusebenza yejenereyitha/motor
7.2 Ukuqala, ukuhambelana, ukuqhuba, ukumisa kunye nemeko yokusebenza ukuguqulwa kwejenereyitha/motor
7.3 Isixhobo soguqulo rhoqo
6.4 Ukusilela kwenkqubo yovuselelo
7 Ukusebenza kwejenereyitha/motho
7.1 Imo yokusebenza yejenereyitha/motor
7.2 Ukuqala, ukuhambelana, ukuqhuba, ukumisa kunye nemeko yokusebenza ukuguqulwa kwejenereyitha/motor
7.3 Isixhobo soguqulo rhoqo
IRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina uMgangatho woShishino loMbane woMbane
Imimiselo yokusebenza ye-injini ye-injini ye-injini ye-DL/T 751-2001
Ikhowudi yejenereyitha ye-hydraulic turbine
Lo mgangatho uchaza iimfuno ezisisiseko zobugcisa, imo yokusebenza, ukusebenza, ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa, ukuphathwa kweengozi kunye neminye imiba enxulumene nokusebenza kweejenereyitha zombane wamanzi.
Lo mgangatho usebenza kwii-synchronous hydro-generators ze-10 MW nangaphezulu kwinkqubo yoshishino lwamandla (i-synchronous hydro-generators engaphantsi kwe-10 MW inokuphunyezwa ngereferensi).Lo mgangatho ukwasebenza kwiijenereyitha/iimotho zeeyunithi zokugcina ezimpompelweyo.
Umgangatho weReferensi
Amalungiselelo aqulethwe kule migangatho ilandelayo abandakanya izibonelelo zalo mgangatho ngekoteyishini kulo mgangatho.Ngexesha lopapasho, iinkupho ezibonisiweyo bezisebenza.Yonke imigangatho iya kuhlaziywa, kwaye onke amaqela asebenzisa lo mgangatho kufuneka ahlolisise ithuba lokusebenzisa inguqulelo yamva nje yale migangatho ilandelayo.
GB/T7409-1997
Inkqubo yokuvuselela i-synchronous motor
Iimfuno zobuchwephesha benkqubo yokuvuselela iijeneretha ezinkulu neziphakathi ezihambelanayo
GB 7894-2000
Iimeko zobugcisa ezisisiseko ze-hydro-generator
GB 8564-1988
Inkcazo yobuGcisa yokuFakela iHydrogenerator
DL/T 491-1992
Imimiselo yokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zenkqubo yokuvuselela i-hydro-generator static rectifier enkulu naphakathi
DL/T 583-1995
Iimeko zobuchwepheshe ze-static rectification system ye-excitation kunye nesixhobo se-hydro-generator enkulu kunye nephakathi
DL/T 622-1997
Iimfuno zobugcisa ze-elastic metal thrust yeplastiki enesihlahla esithe nkqo se-hydro-generator
Ngokubanzi
3.1 Iimfuno ngokubanzi
3.1.1 Nganye ijenereyitha yeinjini yomoya (ekubhekiselwa kuyo emva koku njengejenereyitha) kunye nesixhobo sovuselelo (kubandakanywa ne-exciter) kufuneka ibe ne-nameplate yokulinganisa yomenzi.Iyunithi yogcino lwamandla iya kuphawulwa ngeeplathi zamagama zokureyitha zokuvelisa umbane kunye neemeko zokumpompa ngokulandelelanayo.
3.1.2 Ukuze kujongwe umgangatho emva kokwenziwa, ufakelo kunye nokugcinwa, kwaye ubambe iiparamitha kunye neempawu zejenereyitha, iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko kufuneka zenziwe ngokuhambelana nemigaqo efanelekileyo yemigangatho yelizwe kunye neshishini lokuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba ijenereyitha. inokufakwa ekusebenzeni.
3.1.3 Izixhobo ezincedisayo ezingundoqo ezifana nomzimba wejenereyitha, inkqubo yokuvuselela, inkqubo yokubeka iliso yekhompyutha, inkqubo yokupholisa kunye nokunye okusebenzayo kufuneka kugcinwe ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela, izixhobo zokulinganisa kunye nezixhobo zomqondiso kufuneka zithembeke kwaye zichaneke.Iyunithi yonke kufuneka ikwazi ukuthwala umthwalo olinganisiweyo phantsi kweeparitha ezichaziweyo kwaye iqhube ixesha elide phantsi kwendlela yokusebenza evunyelwe.
3.1.4 Utshintsho kulwakhiwo lwamacandelo aphambili ejeneretha luya kuxhomekeka kumboniso wobugcisa noqoqosho, kwaye izimvo zomenzi ziya kufunwa, kwaye zingeniswe kugunyaziwe okwinqanaba eliphezulu ukuze amkelwe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-11-2021
