Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeejenereyitha zombane wamanzi.Namhlanje, ndiza kwazisa i-axial flow hydroelectric generator ngokweenkcukacha.Ukusetyenziswa kweejenereyitha ze-axial flow turbine kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuphuhliso lwentloko ephezulu kunye nobukhulu obukhulu.Iiinjini ze-axial-flow zasekhaya zikhula ngokukhawuleza.Ii turbines ezimbini zohlobo lwe-axial-flow paddle-type ezifakwe kwiSikhululo samandla ombane eGezhouba zakhiwe.Enye yazo inobubanzi obuziimitha ezili-11.3, ngoku lelona likhulu kulo lonke uhlobo lwayo ehlabathini..Nazi izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo kwii-axial flow turbines.
Izinto ezilungileyo ze-axial flow turbine
Xa kuthelekiswa nee turbines zikaFrancis, ii-axial flow turbines zineenzuzo eziphambili zilandelayo:
1. Isantya esiphezulu esithile kunye neempawu ezintle zamandla.Ke ngoko, isantya seyunithi kunye nokuhamba kweyunithi kuphezulu kunelo lomoya we-Francis.Ngaphantsi kwentloko efanayo yamanzi kunye neemeko zemveliso, inokunciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani beyunithi yejeneretha ye-turbine, ukunciphisa ubunzima beyunithi, kunye nokugcina ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ngoko kuqoqosho.phezulu.
2. Ubume bomphezulu kunye noburhabaxa bomphezulu beblade yembaleki ye-axial flow turbine inokuhlangabezana ngokulula neemfuno kwimveliso.Ngenxa yokuba iibhlewudi ze-axial-flow rotary-paddle turbine zinokujikeleza, umndilili wokusebenza kakuhle uphezulu kunalowo we-injini yokuqukuqela edibeneyo.Xa umthwalo kunye nentloko yamanzi iguquka, ukusebenza kakuhle akutshintshi kakhulu.
3. Iibhulethi zomgijimi we-axial-flow paddle turbine ziyakwazi ukuchithwa, ezilungele ukuveliswa kunye nokuthutha.
Ke ngoko, i-axial flow turbine inokugcina uzinzo kuluhlu olukhulu lokusebenza, kunye nokungcangcazela okuncinci, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nesiphumo.Kuluhlu olunentloko ephantsi, iphantse yathatha indawo ye-Francis turbine.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, zombini ngokubhekiselele kwiyunithi enye kunye nokusetyenziswa kwentloko yamanzi, kukho uphuhliso olukhulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubanzi kakhulu.
Ukungalungi kwe-axial flow turbine
Nangona kunjalo, i-axial flow turbine ineziphene kwaye iyanciphisa umda wosetyenziso.Ezona ntsilelo ziphambili zezi:
1. Inani lee-blades lincinci, kwaye liyi-cantilever, ngoko ke amandla ahluphekile, kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa kwizikhululo zamanzi aphakathi kunye aphezulu.
2. Ngenxa yomlinganiselo wokuhamba kweyunithi enkulu kunye nesantya esiphezulu seyunithi, inobude obuncinci bokufunxa kune-injini ye-Francis phantsi kwemeko yentloko efanayo, okukhokelela kubunzulu obukhulu bokumbiwa kwesiseko sesikhululo samandla kunye notyalo-mali oluphezulu.
Ngokweziphene ezikhankanywe ngasentla ze-axial flow turbines, izixhobo ezitsha zokulwa ne-anti-cavitation zisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwee-turbine kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwee-blades kuphuculwe kuyilo, ukwenzela ukuba intloko yesicelo se-axial flow turbines iphuculwe ngokuqhubekayo.Okwangoku, intloko yesicelo se-axial-flow paddle turbine yi-3 ukuya kwi-90 m, kwaye ingene kwindawo ye-Francis turbine.Umzekelo, ubuninzi beyunithi ephumayo ye-axial-flow paddle turbines yangaphandle yi-181,700 kW, ubuninzi bentloko yamanzi yi-88m, kwaye i-diameter yembaleki yi-10.3m.Ubuninzi bemveliso yomatshini omnye we-axial-flow paddle turbine eveliswe kwilizwe lam yi-175,000 kW, ubuninzi bentloko yamanzi yi-78m, kunye nobukhulu bembaleki ububanzi yi-11.3m.I-axial-flow fixed-propeller turbine ine-blades esisigxina kunye nesakhiwo esilula, kodwa ayikwazi ukuziqhelanisa nezikhululo zombane we-hydropower kunye neenguqu ezinkulu kwintloko yamanzi kunye nomthwalo.Inentloko yamanzi ezinzileyo kwaye isebenza njengomthwalo osisiseko okanye isikhululo samandla esinezixa ezininzi.Xa amandla onyaka ebuninzi, uthelekiso lwezoqoqosho lunokwenzeka.Inokuqwalaselwa.Uluhlu lwentloko olusebenzayo luyi-3-50m.Iiiturbines ze-axial-flow paddle zisebenzisa izixhobo ezithe nkqo.Inkqubo yokusebenza kwayo ngokusisiseko iyafana naleyo yee turbines zikaFrancis.Umahluko kukuba xa umthwalo uguquka, awugcini nje ukulawula ukujikeleza kwee-vanes zesikhokelo., Ngoxa kwakhona ulungelelanisa ukujikeleza kwee-blades zomgijimi ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ngaphambili, sazisa nee turbines zikaFrancis.Phakathi kweejenereyitha zeinjini yomoya, kusekho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweeinjini zomoya zaseFrancis kunye nee-axial flow turbines.Umzekelo, ukwakheka kweembaleki zabo kwahlukile.Iincakuba zee turbines zikaFrancis ziphantse zangqamana neshaft engundoqo, ngelixa ii-axial flow turbines ziphantse zangqamana neshaft engundoqo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-11-2021
