I-Pelton turbine (ekwaguqulelwa: i-Pelton waterwheel okanye i-Bourdain turbine, isiNgesi: ivili le-Pelton okanye i-Pelton Turbine) luhlobo oluthile lwe-turbine yempembelelo, eyaphuhliswa ngumqambi waseMelika u-Lester W. Yaphuhliswa ngu-Alan Pelton.Iiinjini zomoya zePelton zisebenzisa amanzi ukuqukuqela kwaye zibethe ivili lamanzi ukufumana amandla, okwahlukileyo kwivili lamanzi lemveli lokutofa eliqhutywa bubunzima bamanzi ngokwawo.Ngaphambi kokuba uyilo lukaPelton lupapashwe, iinguqulelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ze-impingement turbine zazikhona, kodwa zazingasebenzi kakuhle kunoyilo lukaPelton.Emva kokuba amanzi eshiya isondo lamanzi, amanzi ahlala anesantya, echitha amandla amaninzi e-kinetic kwivili lamanzi.I-Pelton's paddle geometry ifana nokuba i-impeller ishiya i-impeller ngesantya esiphantsi kakhulu emva kokubaleka kwisiqingatha sesantya sejethi yamanzi;ngoko ke, uyilo lukaPelton lubamba amandla empembelelo yamanzi phantse ngokupheleleyo, ukuze I-Inayo i-injini yomoya esebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Emva kokuba ukuhamba kwamanzi okuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu kungena kumbhobho, intsika yamanzi eyomeleleyo ibhekiswa kwiiblayidi zefeni ezimile okwebhakethi kwivili elishukumayo ngevalve yenaliti ukuqhuba ivili elishukumayo.Oku kwaziwa ngokuba zii-impingement fan blades, zijikeleze umda wevili lokuqhuba, kwaye ngokudibeneyo zibizwa ngokuba livili lokuqhuba.(Jonga ifoto ngeenkcukacha, iVintage Pelton Turbine).Njengoko ijethi yamanzi iphazamisa ii-fan blades, indlela yokuhamba kwamanzi iya kutshintsha ngenxa yokumila kwebhakethi.Amandla empembelelo yamanzi aya kusebenzisa umzuzwana kwibhakethi yamanzi kunye nenkqubo yevili ehambayo, kwaye usebenzise oku ukujikeleza ivili elihambayo;indlela yokuhamba kwamanzi ngokwawo "ayinakuguqulwa", kwaye i-outlet yokuphuma kwamanzi ibekwe ngaphandle kwebhakethi yamanzi, kwaye isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi siya kuhla kwisantya esiphantsi kakhulu.Ngethuba le nkqubo, ukukhawuleza kwejethi yamanzi kuya kudluliselwa kwivili elihambayo kwaye ukusuka apho ukuya kwi-injini yamanzi.Ngoko “umothuko” ngokwenene unokuwenza umsebenzi weinjini yomoya.Ukuze kwandiswe amandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweinjini yomoya, inkqubo yerotha kunye ne turbine iyilelwe ukuphinda kabini isantya sejethi yolwelo kwi-emele.Kwaye inxalenye encinci kakhulu yamandla e-kinetic yasekuqaleni yejethi yolwelo iya kuhlala emanzini, eyenza i-emele ingenanto kwaye igcwalise ngesantya esifanayo (jonga ukugcinwa kobuninzi), ukwenzela ukuba i-high-pressure input fluid ikwazi ukuqhubeka nokutofwa. ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.Akukho mandla afuna ukuchithwa.Ngokuqhelekileyo, iibhakethi ezimbini ziya kufakwa ngapha nangapha kwi-rotor, eya kuvumela ukuhamba kwamanzi ukuba kuhlulwe kwiibhobho ezimbini ezilinganayo ze-jetting (jonga umfanekiso).Olu lungelelwaniso lulinganisa imikhosi yomthwalo wecala kwi-rotor kwaye inceda ekuqinisekiseni ukugudiswa, ngelixa amandla e-kinetic asuka kwiijethi zolwelo nawo adluliselwe kwi-rotor ye-hydro turbine.
Kuba amanzi kunye nolwelo oluninzi luphantse lufikeleleke, phantse onke amandla akhoyo athatyathwa kwinqanaba lokuqala emva kokuba ulwelo lungena kwi-injini yomoya.Iiinjini zomoya zePelton, kwelinye icala, zinecandelo elinye levili elihambayo, ngokungafaniyo neeinjini zegesi ezisebenza kulwelo olucinezelwayo.
Usetyenziso olusebenzisekayo Iiinjini zomoya ze-Pelton zezinye zezona ntlobo zodidi lweeinjini zokuqhuba umbane osebenza ngamanzi kwaye lolona hlobo lufanelekileyo lweiturbine yokusingqongileyo xa umthombo wamanzi okhoyo unomphakamo ophakamileyo kakhulu wentloko kunye namazinga okuhamba aphantsi.esebenzayo.Ngoko ke, kwintloko ephezulu kunye nokuhamba okuphantsi kwendawo, i-pelton turbine yeyona nto isebenzayo, nangona ihlulwe ibe yimijelo emibini, iqulethe amandla afanayo kwithiyori.Kwakhona, ii-conduits ezisetyenziselwa imijelo emibini yokutofa kufuneka ibe kumgangatho othelekisekayo, enye efuna ityhubhu ebhityileyo ende kwaye enye ibe ityhubhu emfutshane ebanzi.Iiinjini zomoya zePelton zinokufakwa kwiindawo zabo bonke ubungakanani.Sele kukho oomatshini bamandla ombane owenziwe ngamanzi ane-hydraulic nkqo kwishaft yeeinjini zePelton kudidi lwetoni.Eyona yunithi yofakelo inkulu inokufikelela kwi-200 MW.Iiinjini zomoya ezincinci zePelton, kwelinye icala, zizii-intshi ezimbalwa ububanzi kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukukhupha amandla kwimisinga ehamba kuphela iilitha ezimbalwa ngomzuzu.Ezinye iisistim zemibhobho yezindlu zisebenzisa amavili ohlobo lwePelton ukuhambisa amanzi.Ezi turbines zincinci zePelton ziyacetyiswa ukuba zisetyenziswe kumphakamo wentloko ye-30 feet (9.1 m) okanye ngaphezulu ukuvelisa amandla abalulekileyo.Okwangoku, ngokuhambelana nokuhamba kwamanzi kunye noyilo, ukuphakama kwentloko yendawo yofakelo ye-pelton turbine ikhethwayo kwi-49 ukuya kwi-5,905 yeenyawo (i-14.9 ukuya kwi-1,799.8 yeemitha), kodwa akukho mda wethiyori okwangoku.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-02-2022
