I-injini yokusabela inokohlulwa ibe yiinjini yomoya kaFrancis, i-axial turbine, i-diagonal turbine kunye ne-tubular turbine.Kwi-injini yomoya kaFrancis, amanzi aqukuqela ngokwe-radially kwindlela yesikhokelo samanzi kunye ne-axially ngaphandle kwembaleki;Kwi-axial flow turbine, amanzi aqukuqela ukuya kwi-vane yesikhokelo ngokwe-radially nangaphakathi nangaphandle kwembaleki nge-axially;Kwi-diagonal flow turbine, amanzi aqukuqela ukuya kwi-vane yesikhokhelo ngokwe-radially kwaye kwimbaleki kwicala elithambekele kwi-engile ethile ye-shaft engundoqo, okanye kwi-vane yesikhokelo kunye nembaleki kwicala elithambekele kwi-shaft engundoqo;Kwi-tubular turbine, amanzi aqukuqela kwi-vane yesikhokelo kunye nembaleki ecaleni kwendlela ye-axial.I-Axial flow turbine, i-tubular turbine kunye ne-diagonal flow turbine nazo zinokwahlulwa zibe luhlobo lwe-propeller olusisigxina kunye nodidi lwe-propeller olujikelezayo ngokwesakhiwo sabo.Iibhleyidi zembaleki eziqingqiweyo zilungisiwe;I-rotor blade yohlobo lwe-propeller inokujikeleza malunga ne-blade shaft ngexesha lokusebenza ukulungelelanisa utshintsho lwentloko yamanzi kunye nomthwalo.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeeinjini zokusabela zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokungena emanzini.Izixhobo zokungenisa amanzi zeinjini zomoya ezinkulu neziphakathi ezithe nkqo zeshaft ngokubanzi zenziwe ngevolute, ivane yesikhokelo esisisigxina kunye nesikhokelo esishukumayo.Umsebenzi we-volute kukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo ukuhamba kwamanzi malunga nomgijimi.Xa intloko yamanzi ingaphantsi kwama-40m, i-spiral case ye-hydraulic turbine idla ngokugalelwa ngekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo kwisiza;Xa intloko yamanzi ingaphezulu kwe-40m, i-metal spiral case ye-butt welding okanye i- integral casting isoloko isetyenziswa.
Kwi-injini yokusabela, ukuhamba kwamanzi kuzalisa umjelo wembaleki wonke, kwaye zonke iiblade zichatshazelwa kukuhamba kwamanzi ngaxeshanye.Ke ngoko, phantsi kwentloko enye, idiameter yembaleki incinci kuneyo ye-impulse turbine.Ukusebenza kwabo kukwaphezulu kunoko kwe-injini ye-impulse, kodwa xa umthwalo uguquka, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini yomoya kuchaphazeleka ngokwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo.
Zonke iiinjini zokusabela zixhotyiswe ngeetyhubhu eziyidrafti, ezisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela amandla ekinetic okumpompoza kwamanzi kwindawo yokubaleka;Khupha amanzi ezantsi;Xa indawo yokufakela umgijimi iphezulu kunomgangatho wamanzi asezantsi, la mandla anokubakho aguqulwa abe ngamandla oxinzelelo lokubuyisela.Kwi-turbine ye-hydraulic enentloko ephantsi kunye nokuhamba okukhulu, i-outlet kinetic energy yomgijimi inkulu kakhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kokubuyisela kwi-tube eyidrafti kunempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwe-hydraulic turbine.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-11-2022
