Uyilo lwamavili eWater lwe-Hydro Energy
I-icon yamandla e-hydroI-Hydro energy bubuchwephesha obuguqula amandla e-kinetic okuhamba kwamanzi abe ngumatshini okanye amandla ombane, kwaye esinye sezixhobo zokuqala ezisetyenzisiweyo ukuguqula amandla okuhambisa amanzi abe ngumsebenzi osebenzisekayo yayiyi-Waterwheel Design.
Uyilo lwamavili lwamanzi luye lwavela ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye namanye amavili amanzi ajonge ngokuthe nkqo, amanye ngokuthe tye kwaye amanye aneepuli kunye neegiya ezincanyathiselweyo, kodwa zonke ziyilelwe ukwenza umsebenzi ofanayo kwaye kunjalo, "guqula intshukumo yomgama wamanzi ashukumayo intshukumo ejikelezayo enokusetyenziswa ukuqhuba naliphi na iqhekeza likamatshini eliqhagamshelwe kuwo ngeshafu ejikelezayo”.
Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lwevili lamanzi
Uyilo lwangaphambili lwamanzi lwaluludala kwaye oomatshini abalula ababandakanya ivili lomthi elithe nkqo elinamacangca omthi okanye ii-emele ezimiswe ngokulinganayo kwisangqa sazo zonke zixhaswe kwishafti ethe tye ngokunyanzeliswa kwamanzi aqukuqelayo ngaphantsi kwawo etyhala ivili kwicala elijonge ecaleni. .
La mavili amanzi athe nkqo ayephezulu kakhulu kuyilo lwangaphambili oluthe tyaba lwamavili lwamanzi ngamaGrike namaJiphutha amandulo, kuba babenokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ukuguqulela amandla okushukuma kwamanzi kumandla.Iipulleys kunye ne gearing zaye zadityaniswa kwi-waterwheel evumela ukuba utshintsho kwicala le-shaft ejikelezayo ukusuka kwindawo ethe tyaba ukuya ngokuthe nkqo ukuze kusebenze amatye okusila, amaplanga omthi, ukutyumza i-ore, isitampu kunye nokusika njl njl.
Iintlobo zoYilo lwevili laManzi
Uninzi lwee-Waterwheels ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-Watermills okanye ngokulula amavili Amanzi, ngamavili axhonywe ngokuthe nkqo ajikeleza malunga ne-asi ethe tye, kwaye ezi ntlobo zamavili amanzi zihlelwa ngendlela asetyenziswa ngayo amanzi kwivili, xa kuthelekiswa ne-asi yevili.Njengoko unokulindela, i-waterwheels ngoomatshini abakhulu abajikelezayo kwizantya eziphantsi ze-angular, kwaye banomsebenzi ophantsi, ngenxa yelahleko ngokukhuhla kunye nokuzaliswa okungaphelelanga kweebhakethi, njl.
Isenzo samanzi atyhalana kumavili amabhakethi okanye amaphini okubheqa aphuhlisa itorque kwi-asi kodwa ngokwalathisa amanzi kula maphini okubheqa kunye neeemele ukusuka kwindawo ezahlukeneyo kwivili isantya sokujikeleza kunye nokusebenza kwayo kungaphuculwa.Iindidi ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zoyilo lwevili lamanzi yi "undershot waterwheel" kunye ne "overshot waterwheel".
I-Undershot Water Wheel Design
I-Undershot Water Wheel Design, ekwabizwa ngokuba "livili lomsinga" lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lusetyenziswayo lwevili lamanzi eliyilwe ngamaGrike namaRoma amandulo njengoko lelona vili lilula, libiza imali eninzi kwaye kulula ukulakha.
Kolu hlobo loyilo lwevili lamanzi, ivili libekwe nje ngokuthe ngqo kumlambo oqukuqelayo kwaye uxhaswe ukusuka phezulu.Ukushukuma kwamanzi angezantsi kwenza intshukumo yokutyhala ngokuchasene namaphini aphantsi kwamanzi kwindawo esezantsi yevili evumela ukuba ijikelezise kwicala elinye kuphela ngokunxulumene necala lokuhamba kwamanzi.
Olu hlobo loyilo lwevili lamanzi lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezithe tyaba ezingenalo ithambeka lendalo lomhlaba okanye apho ukuhamba kwamanzi kuhamba ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo.Xa kuthelekiswa nolunye uyilo lwamavili amanzi, olu hlobo loyilo alusebenzanga kakhulu, kwaye kancinci kangange 20% yamanzi anokuba namandla asetyenziswayo ukujikeleza ivili.Kwakhona amandla emanzini asetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela ukujikelezisa ivili, emva koko aqukuqele emke nawo onke amanzi.
Enye into engalunganga yevili lamanzi angaphantsi kwamanzi kukuba lifuna amanzi amaninzi ahamba ngesantya.Ke ngoko, amavili angaphantsi kwamanzi ahlala elunxwemeni lwemilambo njengoko imijelo emincinci okanye imijelo ingenawo amandla aneleyo kumanzi ahambayo.
Enye indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kancinane kwevili lamanzi elingaphantsi kwamanzi kukuphambukisa ipesenti ethile emanzini omlambo ecaleni komjelo omxinwa okanye umjelo ukuze i-100% lamanzi ajikiweyo asetyenziswe ukujikelezisa ivili.Ukuze kuphunyezwe oku ivili le-undershot kufuneka libe mxinwa kwaye lilingane ngokuchanekileyo kakhulu ngaphakathi komjelo ukuthintela amanzi ukuba angaphumi emacaleni okanye ngokunyusa nokuba inani okanye ubungakanani beepaddles.
I-Overshot Waterwheel Design
I-Overshot Water Wheel Design lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo loyilo lwevili lamanzi.Isondo lamanzi eligqithisiweyo linzima kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekuyilweni kwalo kunesondo langaphambili elingaphantsi kwamanzi njengoko lisebenzisa iibhakethi okanye amacandelo amancinci ukubamba kunye nokubamba amanzi.
Ezi emele zizaliswe ngamanzi aqukuqelayo apha phezulu kwivili.Ubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi kwii-emele ezigcweleyo bubangela ukuba ivili lijikeleze kwi-axis yalo esembindini njengoko ii-emele ezingenanto kwelinye icala levili ziba khaphukhaphu.
Olu hlobo lwevili lamanzi lusebenzisa umxhuzulane ukuphucula imveliso kunye namanzi ngokwawo, ngoko ke amavili angaphezulu kwamanzi asebenza kakuhle kakhulu kunoyilo olungaphantsi njengoko phantse onke amanzi kunye nobunzima bawo busetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amandla aphumayo.Nangona kunjalo njengangaphambili, amandla amanzi asetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela ukujikelezisa ivili, emva koko aqukuqele emke nawo onke amanzi.
Amavili angaphezulu kwamanzi axhonywe ngaphezu komlambo okanye umsinga kwaye akhiwe ngokubanzi emacaleni eenduli ezibonelela ngobonelelo lwamanzi ukusuka phezulu ngentloko ephantsi (umgama othe nkqo phakathi kwamanzi phezulu kunye nomlambo okanye umlambo ongezantsi) phakathi kwe-5-ukuya. -20 yeemitha.Idama elincinane okanye i-weir inokwakhiwa kwaye isetyenziswe kuwo omabini umjelo kwaye inyuse isantya samanzi ukuya phezulu kwivili inika amandla angaphezulu kodwa ngumthamo wamanzi kunesantya sawo esinceda ukujikeleza ivili.
Ngokubanzi, amavili angaphezulu kwamanzi akhiwe amakhulu kangangoko ukunika owona mgama mkhulu wentloko onokubakho kubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi ukujikeleza ivili.Nangona kunjalo, amavili amakhulu ajikeleza amanzi anzima kwaye abiza kakhulu ukuwakha ngenxa yobunzima bevili kunye namanzi.
Xa ii-emele ngabanye zizaliswa ngamanzi, ubunzima bomxhuzulane bamanzi bubangela ukuba ivili lijike lisingise kwicala lokuqukuqela kwamanzi.Njengoko i-engile yokujikeleza isondela ezantsi kwevili, amanzi angaphakathi kwi-emele aphumela ngaphandle emlanjeni okanye kumsinga ongezantsi, kodwa ubunzima bee-emele ezijikelezayo emva kwalo bubangela ukuba ivili liqhubeke nesantya salo sokujikeleza.Ibhakethi engenanto iyaqhubeka ijikeleze ivili elijikelezayo ide ibuyele phezulu kwakhona ilungele ukuzaliswa ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye umjikelezo uphinda.Enye yezinto ezingeloncedo kuyilo lwevili lamanzi eligqithileyo kukuba amanzi asetyenziswa kube kanye xa equkuqela phezu kwevili.
Uyilo lwePitchback Waterwheel
I-Pitchback Water Wheel Design yiyantlukwano kwivili lamanzi elidluleyo langaphambili njengoko ikwasebenzisa ubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi ukunceda ukujikeleza ivili, kodwa ikwasebenzisa nokuhamba kwamanzi amdaka ngaphantsi kwawo ukunika utyhala olongezelelweyo.Olu hlobo loyilo lwevili lamanzi lusebenzisa inkqubo yonikezelo lwentloko ephantsi ebonelela ngamanzi kufutshane nomphezulu wevili ukusuka kwi-pentrough ngaphezulu.
Ngokungafaniyo nevili lamanzi eligqithisekileyo elihambisa amanzi ngokuthe ngqo phezu kwevili libangela ukuba lijike kwicala lokuhamba kwamanzi, ivili lokujikeleza kwamanzi i-pitchback waterwheel yondla amanzi ngokuthe nkqo ukuya ezantsi ngefuneli nakwi-emele engezantsi ibangela ukuba ivili lijike kwelinye icala. kwicala lokuhamba kwamanzi ngaphezulu.
Kanye njengevili lamanzi elidluleyo langaphambili, ubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi akwii-emele bubangela ukuba ivili lijike kodwa kwicala elichasene newotshi.Njengoko i-engile yokujikeleza isondela ezantsi kwevili, amanzi avaleleke ngaphakathi kwii-emele akhuphela ngaphandle.Njengoko ibhakethi engenanto ifakwe kwivili, iyaqhubeka ijikeleza kunye nevili njengangaphambili ide ibuyele phezulu kwakhona ilungele ukuzaliswa ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye umjikelezo uphinda.
Umahluko ngeli xesha kukuba amanzi amdaka akhutshwe kwi-emele ejikelezayo ahamba emke kwicala levili elijikelezayo (njengoko ingenayo enye indawo yokuya kuyo), efana nenqununu yamanzi angaphantsi kwamanzi.Ngaloo ndlela inzuzo ephambili ye-pitchback waterwheel kukuba isebenzisa amandla amanzi kabini, kube kanye ukusuka phezulu kwaye kube kanye ukusuka ngaphantsi ukujikeleza ivili kwi-axis yayo ephakathi.
Isiphumo sesokuba ukusebenza kakuhle koyilo lwevili lamanzi kunyuswe kakhulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yamandla amanzi njengoko iqhutywa bubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi angenayo kunye nokunyanzeliswa okanye uxinzelelo lwamanzi olujoliswe kwii-emele ukusuka phezulu, njengoko. kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi amdaka angezantsi etyhala ii-emele.Okungalunganga nangona i-pitchback waterwheel kukuba idinga ulungiselelo lonikezelo lwamanzi oluntsonkothileyo ngokuthe ngqo ngaphezulu kwevili eline-chutes kunye neepentroughs.
Uyilo lweBreastshot Waterwheel
Uyilo lwesondo lwamanzi lweBreastshot lolunye uyilo olunyuswe ngokuthe nkqo lwamanzi apho amanzi angena kwii-emele malunga nesiqingatha sendlela ukuya phezulu kumphakamo we-asi, okanye ngaphezulu kwawo, aze aqukuqelele ezantsi kwicala lokujikeleza kwamavili.Ngokubanzi, i-breastshot waterwheel isetyenziswa kwiimeko apho intloko yamanzi ingonelanga ukunika amandla i-overshot okanye i-pitchback waterwheel uyilo ukusuka phezulu.
Okungalunganga apha kukuba ubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi busetyenziswa kuphela malunga nekota enye yokujikeleza ngokungafaniyo nangaphambili ibiyisiqingatha somjikelezo.Ukoyisa lo mphakamo wentloko ephantsi, ii-emele ze-waterwheels zenziwa banzi ukukhupha umthamo ofunekayo wamandla anokubakho emanzini.
Amavili e-Breastshot waterwheels asebenzisa malunga nobunzima bomxhuzulane obufanayo bamanzi ukujikeleza ivili kodwa njengoko ukuphakama kwentloko yamanzi kujikeleze isiqingatha sesondo eliqhelekileyo lokudlula amanzi, ii-emele zibanzi kakhulu kunoyilo lwangaphambili lwamavili ukunyusa umthamo wamanzi. zibanjwe kwii-emele.Ukungalungi kolu hlobo loyilo kukunyuka kobubanzi kunye nobunzima bamanzi aqhutywe yibhakethi nganye.Njengoyilo lwe-pitchback, ivili le-breastshot lisebenzisa amandla amanzi kabini njengoko ivili lamanzi liyilelwe ukuhlala emanzini livumela amanzi amdaka ukuba ancede ekujikelezeni kwevili njengoko equkuqela ehla ngomsinga.
Ukuvelisa uMbane usebenzisa ivili lamanzi
Ngokwembali amavili amanzi ebesetyenziselwa ukugaya umgubo, iisiriyeli kunye neminye imisebenzi yomatshini.Kodwa amavili amanzi angasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane, ebizwa ngokuba yiHydro Power system.Ngokudibanisa ijeneretha yombane kwi-waterwheels ejikelezayo shaft, ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo usebenzisa amabhanti okuqhuba kunye neepulleys, ii-waterwheels zingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amandla ngokuqhubekayo iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku ngokungafaniyo namandla elanga.Ukuba ivili lamanzi liyilwe ngokuchanekileyo, isixokelelwano sombane esincinci okanye “esincinci” sinokuvelisa umbane owaneleyo ukunika amandla ukukhanyisa kunye/okanye izixhobo zombane kwikhaya eliphakathi.
Jonga iiJenereyitha zamavili zaManzi eziyilelwe ukuvelisa eyona mveliso ilungileyo ngesantya esiphantsi.Kwiiprojekthi ezincinci, i-motor encinci ye-DC inokusetyenziswa njengejenereyitha enesantya esiphantsi okanye i-alternator yeemoto kodwa ezi ziyilelwe ukusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu ukuze kufuneke uhlobo oluthile lokugiya.Ijenereyitha ye-injini yomoya yenza ijenereyitha yevili lamanzi efanelekileyo njengoko yenzelwe isantya esiphantsi, ukusebenza okuphezulu.
Ukuba kukho umlambo oqukuqela ngokukhawuleza okanye umjelo okufutshane nekhaya lakho okanye igadi onokuthi uyisebenzise, ngoko ke isikali esincinci samandla ombane we-hydro sinokuba yeyona ndlela ingcono kunezinye iindlela zemithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo efana “neMandla omoya” okanye “aMandla eSola. ” njengoko inempembelelo encinci yokubonwayo.Kwanjengamandla omoya namandla elanga, enegridi edityaniswe ngevili elincinane lamanzi eyilelwe inkqubo yokuvelisa eqhagamshelwe kwigridi yosetyenziso lwasekhaya, nawuphi na umbane owuvelisayo kodwa ongawusebenzisiyo unokuthengiswa ubuyiselwe kwinkampani yombane.
Kwisifundo esilandelayo malunga ne-Hydro Energy, siza kujonga kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zee turbines ezikhoyo esinokuzincamathelisa kuyilo lwethu lwamavili ombane okwenziwa ngamanzi.Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga noYilo lweWaterwheel kunye nendlela yokuvelisa owakho umbane usebenzisa amandla wamanzi, okanye ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya lwamandla e-hydro malunga noyilo olwahlukeneyo lwamavili amanzi akhoyo, okanye uphonononge okuhle kunye nobubi bamandla ombane, emva koko Cofa Apha ukuodola ikopi yakho. ukusuka eAmazon namhlanje malunga nemigaqo kunye nokwakhiwa kwamavili amanzi angasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-25-2021
