Njengoba sonke sazi, amajeneretha angahlukaniswa abe amajeneretha e-DC kanye namajeneretha e-AC.Njengamanje, i-alternator isetshenziswa kabanzi, kanjalo nejeneretha ye-hydro.Kepha eminyakeni yokuqala, amajeneretha e-DC ayehlala kuyo yonke imakethe, ngakho-ke amajeneretha e-AC ayengena kanjani emakethe?Ikuphi ukuxhumana phakathi kwamajeneretha e-hydro lapha?Lokhu kumayelana nempi ye-AC ne-DC kanye ne-5000hp hydro generator yesiteshi sikagesi sase-Adams e-Niagara Falls.
Ngaphambi kokwethula ijeneretha ye-Niagara Falls hydro, kufanele siqale ngempi ebaluleke kakhulu ye-AC/DC emlandweni wokuthuthukiswa kukagesi.
U-Edison ungumsunguli odumile waseMelika.Wazalelwa ebumpofu futhi akazange afunde esikoleni.Kodwa-ke, wathola amalungelo obunikazi acishe abe yi-1300 empilweni yakhe ngokwethembela ekuhlakanipheni kwakhe okumangalisayo nomoya wakhe womzabalazo.Ngo-Okthoba 21, 1879, wafaka isicelo sokusungulwa kwe-patent ye-carbon filament incandescent lamp (No. 22898);Ngo-1882, wasungula inkampani yesibani sikagesi i-Edison ukukhiqiza izibani ze-incandescent kanye namajeneretha abo e-DC.Ngawo lowo nyaka, wakha indawo yokuqala emhlabeni yokuphehla amandla ashisayo eNew York.Wathengisa ama-bulb angaphezu kuka-200000 phakathi neminyaka emithathu futhi waphatha yonke imakethe.Amajeneretha e-Edison's DC nawo athengisa kahle ezwenikazi laseMelika.
Ngo-1885, lapho u-Edison eseqophelweni eliphezulu, i-American steinhouse yaqaphela ngokujulile uhlelo olusanda kuzalwa lokuphakela amandla e-AC.Ngo-1885, i-Westinghouse yathenga ilungelo lobunikazi kusistimu yokukhanyisa ye-AC kanye ne-transformer esetshenziswe yi-gaulard ne-Gibbs e-United States ngo-February 6, 1884 (US Patent No. n0.297924).Ngo-1886, i-Westinghouse kanye no-Stanley (W. Stanley, 1856-1927) baphumelela ekukhuphuleni i-AC yesigaba esisodwa kuya ku-3000V nge-transformer e-Great Barrington, e-Massachusetts, e-USA, ehambisa i-4000ft, bese behlisa i-voltage ku-500V.Ngokushesha, i-Westinghouse yenza futhi yathengisa amasistimu okukhanyisa ama-AC amaningana.Ngo-1888, i-Westinghouse yathenga ilungelo lobunikazi likaTesla, "ingcweti kagesi", emotweni ye-AC, futhi yaqasha uTesla ukuthi asebenze eWestinghouse.Yayizibophezele ekuthuthukiseni injini ye-AC kanye nokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-AC motor, futhi yazuza impumelelo.Ukunqoba okulandelanayo kwe-Westinghouse ekuthuthukiseni amandla ashintshayo kwaheha umona ka-Edison ongenakunqotshwa nabanye.U-Edison, u-HP brown nabanye banyathelisa izihloko emaphephandabeni nasemaphephandabeni, basizakala ngokwesaba komphakathi ugesi ngaleso sikhathi, bamemezela ngokungananazi ingozi yokushintshashintsha kwamanje, bethi "yonke impilo eduze nomqhubi wamanje oshintshanayo ayikwazi ukusinda" Ukuthi akukho ophilayo. ukudala kungasinda engozini yamakhondaktha aphethe ezinye izindlela zamanje Esihlokweni sakhe, wahlasela ukusetshenziswa kwe-AC emzamweni wokuklinya i-AC esemncane.Ebhekene nokuhlaselwa kuka-Edison nabanye, iWestinghouse nabanye nabo babhala izindatshana ukuze bavikele i-AC.ngenxa yenkulumo-mpikiswano, uhlangothi lwe-AC lwanqoba kancane kancane.Uhlangothi lwe-DC lwalungazimisele ukulahlekelwa, u-HP Brown (ngenkathi engumsizi waselabhorethri ka-Edison) Wabuye wakhuthaza futhi wasekela umhlangano wombuso ukuba udlulise isimemezelo sokukhishwa kwesigwebo sentambo ngogesi, kwathi ngoMeyi 1889, wathenga ama-alternator amathathu akhiqizwayo. by Westinghouse futhi wabathengisa ejele njengoba ugesi isihlalo electrocution.Emehlweni abantu abaningi, ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kuyigama elifanayo likaNkulunkulu wokufa.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iNgqungquthela yabantu ngasohlangothini luka-Edison yakha umbono womphakathi: “Isihlalo sikagesi siwubufakazi bokuthi ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kwenza abantu bafe kalula.Ephendula, i-Westinghouse ibambe ingqungquthela ye-tat press conference.U-Tesla wabopha izintambo umzimba wonke futhi wazixhuma ochungechungeni lwama-bulb.Lapho i-alternating current ivuliwe, ukukhanya kukagesi kwakukhanya, kodwa uTesla wayephephile.Ngaphansi kwesimo esibi sokungaphumeleli kwemibono yomphakathi, uhlangothi lwe-DC luzame ukubulala i-alternating current ngokusemthethweni.
Entwasahlobo ka-890, amanye amalungu e-congressmen eVirginia ahlongoze isiphakamiso “sokunqanda ingozi evela kumaza kagesi” Ekuqaleni kuka-April, iphalamende lasungula ijaji ukuze libambe ukulalelwa kwecala.U-Edison no-Morton, imenenja jikelele yenkampani, kanye no-LB Stillwell, unjiniyela wase-Westinghouse (1863-1941) Nommeli wezokuvikela u-h.U-Levis wayethamele icala.Ukufika kuka-Edison wodumo kuvimbe ihholo lephalamende.U-Edison washo ngendlela evusa amadlingozi lapho kuqulwa icala: “umfula oqondile ufana” nomfula ogeleza ngokuthula olwandle “, futhi umsinga oshintshashintshayo ufana” nezifufula zezintaba ezigudla amawa ngobudlova ” (isifufula esigeleza ngamandla eweni)” uMorton naye wazama konke okusemandleni akhe ukuze bahlasele i-AC, kodwa ubufakazi babo abunanjongo futhi bungagculisi, okwenza izethameli namajaji bawele enkungwini.Ofakazi abavela e-Westinghouse kanye nezinkampani eziningi zezibani zikagesi zaphikisa impikiswano yokuthi i-AC iyingozi kakhulu ngolimi olufushane nolucacile lobuchwepheshe kanye nomkhuba wezibani zikagesi ezingu-3000V eziye zazisebenzisa kabanzi.Ekugcineni, amajaji adlulisa isinqumo ngemuva kwenkulumo-mpikiswano Ngemva kweVirginia, i-Ohio kanye namanye amazwe ngokushesha aphika iziphakamiso ezifanayo.Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-AC iye yamukelwa kancane kancane abantu, futhi i-Westinghouse inedumela elikhulayo empini yezokuxhumana (isibonelo, ngo-1893, yamukela inkontileka ye-oda ye-250000 bulbs e-Chicago Fair) i-Edison Electric Light Company, eyayiyinkampani. ehlulwe empini ye-AC / DC, yachithwa futhi yangenakugcinwa.Kwadingeka ukuthi ihlangane nenkampani iThomson Houston ngo-1892 ukuze kusungulwe inkampani kagesi jikelele (GE) Ngokushesha nje lapho inkampani isungulwa, yawushiya umqondo ka-Edison wokuphikisana nokuthuthukiswa kwemishini ye-AC, yazuza njengefa umsebenzi wokukhiqiza imishini ye-AC ye-Thomson Houston yasekuqaleni. inkampani, futhi yakhuthaza ngamandla ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini ye-AC.
Okungenhla kuyimpi ebalulekile phakathi kwe-AC ne-DC emlandweni wokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto.Ingxabano igcine iphethe ngokuthi ukulimala kwe-AC bekungeyona ingozi njengoba abalandeli be-DC besho.Ngemva kwalesi sinqumo, i-alternator yaqala ukungenisa entwasahlobo yentuthuko, futhi izici zayo nezinzuzo zaqala ukuqondwa futhi kancane kancane zamukelwa abantu.Lokhu kwaba kamuva e-Niagara Falls Phakathi kwamajeneretha aphehla ugesi esiteshini samandla kagesi, i-alternator iyisici sokuwina futhi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-11-2021
