“Imithetho Yokusebenza Kwamajeneretha” eyakhishwa ngokokuqala ngqa uMnyango Wemboni Yamandla Yangaphambili inikeze isisekelo sokulungiswa kwemithetho yokusebenza endaweni yezimboni zikagesi, yabeka izindinganiso ezifanayo zokusebenza kwamajeneretha, futhi yadlala indima enhle ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha. kanye nokusebenza kwezomnotho kwamajeneretha.Ngo-1982, Umnyango Wangaphambili Wezinsiza Zamanzi Namandla Kagesi wabuyekeza imithetho yokuqala ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamandla kagesi kanye nesifinyezo solwazi olusebenzayo.Imithethonqubo ebuyekeziwe ikhishwe ngoJuni 1982 cishe iminyaka engama-20.Ngalesi sikhathi, amajeneretha anamandla amakhulu, ane-voltage ephezulu, enziwe kwamanye amazwe asetshenziswe ngokulandelana.Isakhiwo, izinto zokwakha, ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe, izinga lokuzenzakalela, izisetshenziswa ezisizayo kanye nokucushwa kwedivayisi yokuqapha ukuphepha kwejeneretha kube nezinguquko ezinkulu ngokuqhubeka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe.Ingxenye yezinhlinzeko zemithethonqubo yokuqala ayisasifanele isimo samanje sezinto zokusebenza;ngokuqongelelwa kwesipiliyoni sokuphatha ukusebenza, ukwenziwa ngcono kwezindlela zokuphatha, kanye nokwamukelwa okuqhubekayo kwezindlela zokuphatha zesimanje, izinga leyunithi yokusebenza lokuphathwa kokusebenza kwamajeneretha libe ngcono kakhulu, futhi lisasetshenziswa Izinqubo zokuphatha nezindlela ezibalulwe ekuqaleni. imithethonqubo ngeke isakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokwezomnotho kwamajeneretha.Le "Imithetho Yokusebenza Kwejeneretha" iyasebenza kumajeneretha wezinjini zesitimu namajeneretha asebenza ngamanzi.Kuyindinganiso evamile yobuchwepheshe kukho kokubili.Nakuba iziqondiso ezikhethekile zamajeneretha e-steam turbine kanye nama-generator kagesi wamanzi zichazwe emithethweni, Nokho, ukugxila okuhlangene akuqinile ngokwanele, ukusetshenziswa akulula, futhi imithetho edingekayo neningiliziwe ayikwazi ukwenzelwa izici zabo.Njengoba ingxenye yamandla afakiwe ezimbonini eziphehla ugesi iqhubeka nokwanda, kuyadingeka ukuba kwakhiwe imithetho ehlukene yokusebenza kwamajeneretha aphehla ugesi ngamanzi.Ngokusekelwe kulesi simo esingenhla, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza kanye nenqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe yemboni yamandla kagesi kanye nesidingo sokuhambisana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe, Umnyango Wangaphambili Wemboni Yamandla Kagesi Umnyango Wesayensi Nobuchwepheshe [ 1994] No. 42 “Mayelana nodaba lokusungulwa nokubuyekezwa kwamazinga emboni kagesi ngo-1994 (okokuqala “Isaziso Sokuvunyelwa” sakhipha umsebenzi wokubuyekeza “Imithetho Yokusebenza Kwejeneretha” eyakhishwa uMnyango Wezamanzi Nogesi wokuqala. Amandla enkampani yangaphambilini yaseNortheast Electric Power Group kanye nokuhlanganisa kabusha “Imithetho Yokusebenza Kwe-Hydrogenerator”.
Ukuhlanganiswa “kweMithetho Yokusebenza KweGeneretha Yamanzi” kwaqala ekupheleni kuka-1995. Ngaphansi kwenhlangano nobuholi benhlangano yangaphambili ye-Northeast Electric Power Group Corporation, i-Fengman Power Plant yayinomthwalo wemfanelo wokubuyekeza nokuhlanganiswa kwemithethonqubo.Enqubweni yokubuyekezwa kwemithethonqubo, kwahlaziywa imithetho yokuqala futhi yacwaningwa ngokuningiliziwe, futhi imibhalo ehlobene mayelana nokwakhiwa kwejeneretha, ukukhiqizwa, izimo zobuchwepheshe, izidingo zokusetshenziswa, amazinga obuchwepheshe kanye neminye imibhalo yaboniswa, kuhlanganiswe nemibandela ethile ye-generator. ukukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwe-hydro-generator yamanje.Futhi ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe esikhathini esizayo, kuhlongozwa imithetho yokuqala ukuze kugcinwe, kususwe, kulungiswe, kungezwe, futhi kuthuthukiswe okuqukethwe.Ngalesi sisekelo, ngemva kokuphenya nokucela imibono kwezinye izimboni eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi, kwabekwa uhlaka lokuqala lwemithethonqubo kwase kwakhiwa nohlaka oluzobuyekezwa.NgoMeyi 1997, uMnyango Wokulinganisa WoMkhandlu Kagesi waseShayina wahlela umhlangano wokuqala wokubuyekeza “Imithetho Yokusebenza KweGeneretha Yamanzi” (okusalungiswa ukuze kubuyekezwe).Ikomidi elibuyekezayo elakhiwe izikhungo zokuklama, izikhungo zokuphehla amandla kagesi, izizinda zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi kanye nezinye izinhlaka lenze ukubuyekezwa okujulile kwemithethonqubo.Buyekeza futhi ubeke phambili izidingo zezinkinga ezikhona kokuqukethwe yimithethonqubo kanye nezindaba ezidinga ukunakwa ekulungiseni.Ngokwesisekelo sokubuyekeza, uphiko lokubhala lwalubuyekeza futhi lwalwengeza futhi, futhi lwabeka phambili “Imithetho Yokusebenza Kwe-Hydraulic Generator” (uhlaka ukuze lugunyazwe).
Izinguquko ezibalulekile zokuqukethwe kwezobuchwepheshe zihlanganisa amaphuzu alandelayo:
(1) Ijeneretha yangaphakathi epholiswe ngamanzi ifakwe ohlwini njengesahluko semithetho yokuqala.Uma kubhekwa iqiniso lokuthi mancane kakhulu amajeneretha aphehla ugesi ngamanzi apholiswa ngamanzi asebenzayo eShayina, futhi amanye ashintshiwe afakwa umoya opholile, ngeke abonakale esikhathini esizayo.Ngakho-ke, udaba lokupholisa amanzi ngaphakathi alufakiwe kulokhu kubuyekezwa.Ohlotsheni lokupholisa okuhwamukayo oluthuthukiswe e-China eminyakeni yamuva nje, lusesesigabeni sokuhlola, futhi inani lamayunithi asebenzayo lincane kakhulu.Izinkinga ezihlobene nokupholisa okuhwamukayo azifakiwe kulo mthethonqubo.Zingengezwa kumthethonqubo wokusebenza endaweni ngokuya ngemithetho yomenzi kanye nezimo zangempela.engeza.
(2) Lo mthethonqubo uwukuphela kwezinga lemboni okufanele lilandelwe ekusebenzeni kwamajeneretha aphehla ugesi ngamanzi ezimbonini eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi.Ukusebenza endaweni kanye nabasebenzi bokuphatha kufanele babe nekhono futhi baphoqelelwe ngokuqinile.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yeqiniso lokuthi abaqhubi abasendaweni abanalo ulwazi lwamazinga kazwelonke nawemboni ahlobene nokuklama, ukukhiqiza, izimo zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinye izindinganiso zamajeneretha e-hydro-turbine, futhi abaziqondi ezinye zezinhlinzeko ezihlobene. ekusebenzeni kwamajeneretha e-hydro-turbine, lokhu kubuyekezwa Ezinye izinhlinzeko ezibalulekile ezihlobene nokusebenza kulawa mazinga ashiwo ngenhla kufanele zifakwe kulawa mazinga ashiwo ngenhla, ukuze abaphathi bomsebenzi esizeni bakwazi ukulawula lokhu okuqukethwe futhi balawule kangcono ukusetshenziswa amajeneretha.
(3) Uma kubhekwa inani elandayo leziteshi zikagesi ezimpontshwa e-China, ngaphezu kwezidingo zalo mthethonqubo, isahluko sinikezelwe ezimeni ezikhethekile namadivayisi okuqalisa ahlukahlukene ahlobene nokusebenza kwamajeneretha/amamotho ngaphansi kokusebenza okuhlukahlukene. izimo, motor ukuqala kanye nezinye izinkinga.
(4) Ngokuphathelene “nabangagadiwe” (inombolo encane yabantu abasemsebenzini) imodi entsha yomsebenzi ehilela ukusebenza kwejeneretha, imigomo ethile iye yabekwa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zendlela entsha yokuphatha ukusebenza.Phakathi nenqubo yokuqaliswa, ezinye izinkinga ezintsha zingase ziphakame, futhi iyunithi yokusebenza kufanele inqume ngokusekelwe esimweni sangempela esisekelweni sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile.
(5) Iyunithi yezinga elikhulu lasekhaya elakhiwe eRussia likhiqize ubuchwepheshe obunamapulastiki ensimbi anwebekayo.Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi yokuhlolwa kokuthuthuka nokusebenza, imiphumela emihle yesicelo isitholakele, futhi isiphenduke inkambiso yentuthuko yezinga elikhulu lasekhaya.Ngokwezinhlinzeko ze-DL/T 622—1997 “Technical Conditions for Flexible Metal Plastic Thrust Bearings of Vertical Hydrogenerators” egunyazwe futhi yakhishwa uMnyango Wangaphambili Wemboni Yamandla Kagesi ngo-1997, lo mthetho ulawula izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kwamabheringi epulasitiki, nezilawuli. ukuqala nokuvalwa kweyunithi.Izinhlinzeko zenzelwe izinkinga ezifana nokubamba iphutha lokuphazamiseka kwamanzi okupholisa.
Lo mthetho unendima eyisiqondiso ekulungiseni imithetho yesizinda sesikhungo ngasinye sokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi.Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, isikhungo ngasinye esiphehla ugesi ngamanzi kanye nemibhalo yomkhiqizi izohlanganisa imithetho yesizinda ngokusekelwe ezimeni zangempela.
Lesi simiso somthetho siphakanyiswe uMnyango Wangaphambili Wemboni Yamandla Kagesi.
Lo mthethonqubo ungaphansi kwamandla e-Hydrogenerator Standardization Technical Committee of the Electric Power Industry.
Inhlangano ebhalayo yalo mthethonqubo: Fengman Power Plant.
Abaqambi abakhulu balo mthethonqubo: Sun Jiazhen, Xu Li, Geng Fu.Lo mthethonqubo uhunyushwa yiKomidi Lobuchwepheshe Lokumisa Ama-Hydrogenerator embonini yamandla kagesi.
Izimiso Ezijwayelekile Zamazinga Okuyisethenjwa
3.1 Izidingo ezijwayelekile
3.2 Izisetshenziswa zokulinganisa, isignali, ukuvikela kanye nokuqapha
3.3 Uhlelo lokuvusa amadlingozi
3.4 Uhlelo lokupholisa
3.5 Ukuzala
4. Imodi yokusebenza yejeneretha
4.1 Imodi yokusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezilinganiselwe
4.2 Imodi yokusebenza lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya ongenisayo lishintshashintsha
4.3 Imodi yokusebenza lapho i-voltage, imvamisa kanye nesici samandla sishintsha
5 Ukuqapha, ukuhlola kanye nokugcinwa kahle kokusebenza kwejeneretha
5.1 Ukuqala, ukuhambisana, ukulayishwa kanye nokumiswa kwamajeneretha
5.2 Ukuqapha, ukuhlola nokunakekela ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwejeneretha
5.3 Ukuhlolwa nokunakekelwa kweringi yesiliphu nebhulashi le-exciter commutator
5.4 Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa kwemishini evusa amadlingozi
6 Ukusebenza okungejwayelekile kwejeneretha nokubamba ingozi
6.1 Ukugcwala ngokweqile kwejeneretha ngengozi
6.2 Ukuphatha amajeneretha ngengozi
6.3 Ukwehluleka nokusebenza okungejwayelekile kwejeneretha
6.4 Ukwehluleka kohlelo lokuvusa amadlingozi
7. Ukusebenza kwejeneretha/motho
7.1 Imodi yokusebenza yejeneretha/motho
7.2 Ukuqala, ukuhambisana, ukugijima, ukuma kanye nesimo sokusebenza sokuguqulwa kwejeneretha/motho
7.3 Idivayisi yokuguqula imvamisa
6.4 Ukwehluleka kohlelo lokuvusa amadlingozi
7 Ukusebenza kwejeneretha/motho
7.1 Imodi yokusebenza yejeneretha/motho
7.2 Ukuqala, ukuhambisana, ukugijima, ukuma kanye nesimo sokusebenza sokuguqulwa kwejeneretha/motho
7.3 Idivayisi yokuguqula imvamisa
I-People's Republic of China Electric Power Industry Standard
Imithetho yokusebenza kwejeneretha ye-turbine yamanzi DL/T 751-2001
Ikhodi ye-hydraulic turbine generator
Leli zinga licacisa izidingo zobuchwepheshe eziyisisekelo, imodi yokusebenza, ukusebenza, ukuhlolwa nokunakekelwa, ukuphathwa kwezingozi nezinye izindaba ezihlobene nokusebenza kwamajeneretha asebenza ngamanzi.
Leli zinga lisebenza kuma-synchronous hydro-generator angu-10 MW nangaphezulu ohlelweni lwemboni yamandla (ama-synchronous hydro-generator angaphansi kuka-10 MW angasetshenziswa ngokubhekisela).Leli zinga lisebenza futhi kumajeneretha/amamotho wamayunithi okugcina ampontshiwe.
Izinga Lereferensi
Imibandela equkethwe kula mazinga alandelayo ahlanganisa izinhlinzeko zaleli zinga ngekhotheshini kuleli zinga.Ngesikhathi sokushicilela, izinhlelo ezibonisiwe bezisebenza.Wonke amazinga azobuyekezwa, futhi bonke abathintekayo abasebenzisa leli zinga kufanele bahlole ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa inguqulo yakamuva yamazinga alandelayo.
I-GB/T7409—1997
I-synchronous motor excitation system
Izidingo zobuchwepheshe zesistimu yokuvusa amajeneretha amakhulu naphakathi nendawo
I-GB 7894-2000
Izimo zobuchwepheshe eziyisisekelo ze-hydro-generator
I-GB 8564-1988
Ukucaciswa Kwezobuchwepheshe Kokufakwa Kwe-Hydrogenerator
DL/T 491-1992
Imithethonqubo yokusebenza nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuvuselela i-hydro-generator static rectifier enkulu nemaphakathi
DL/T 583-1995
Izimo zobuchwepheshe zesistimu yokuthakazelisa yokulungiswa kwe-static kanye nedivayisi yama-hydro-generator amakhulu naphakathi
DL/T 622-1997
Izidingo zobuchwepheshe ze-elastic metal thrust thrust enesihlahla se-hydro-generator eqondile
Okujwayelekile
3.1 Izidingo ezijwayelekile
3.1.1 Ijeneretha yomshini womoya ngamunye (okuzobizwa manje ngokuthi ijeneretha) kanye nesisetshenziswa esivusa amadlingozi (okuhlanganisa ne-exciter) kufanele kube ne-nameplate yokulinganisa yomkhiqizi.Iyunithi yokugcina amandla izomakwa ngamapulethi okulinganisa okukhiqiza ugesi nezimo zokumpompa ngokulandelana.
3.1.2 Ukuze kubhekwe ikhwalithi ngemuva kokukhiqiza, ukufakwa nokugcinwa nokugcinwa, kanye nokubamba imingcele nezici zejeneretha, ukuhlolwa okudingekayo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo efanele yamazinga kazwelonke nawemboni ukuze kutholwe ukuthi ingabe ijeneretha ingafakwa ekusebenzeni.
3.1.3 Izinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyinhloko ezifana nejeneretha, isistimu evusa amadlingozi, isistimu yokuqapha ikhompuyutha, uhlelo lokupholisa nokunye okusebenzayo kufanele zigcinwe zinjalo, futhi izinto zokuvikela, izinsimbi zokulinganisa kanye nezinsimbi zamasignali kufanele zithembeke futhi zinembile.Iyunithi yonke kufanele ikwazi ukuthwala umthwalo olinganiselwe ngaphansi kwemingcele ecacisiwe futhi isebenze isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwemodi yokusebenza evunyelwe.
3.1.4 Izinguquko ezakhiweni zezingxenye eziyinhloko zejeneretha zizoba ngaphansi kokuboniswa kwezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho, futhi imibono yomkhiqizi iyofunwa, futhi ihanjiswe kuziphathimandla ezisezingeni eliphezulu ukuze zigunyazwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-11-2021
