Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamajeneretha asebenza ngamanzi.Namuhla, ngizokwethula ngokuningiliziwe ama-axial flow hydroelectric generator.Ukusetshenziswa kwamajeneretha e-axial flow turbine eminyakeni yamuva ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukiswa kwekhanda eliphezulu nosayizi omkhulu.Ama-axial-flow turbines asekhaya athuthuka ngokushesha.Amaturbine amabili ohlobo lwe-axial-flow paddle afakwe e-Gezhouba Hydropower Station akhiwe.Enye yazo inobubanzi obungamamitha ayi-11.3, okuyiyona enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni..Nazi izinzuzo kanye nokubi ama-axial flow turbines.
Izinzuzo ze-axial flow turbine
Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-Francis turbines, ama-axial flow turbines anezinzuzo eziyinhloko ezilandelayo:
1. Isivinini esithile esiphezulu kanye nezici ezinhle zamandla.Ngakho-ke, isivinini seyunithi nokugeleza kweyunithi kuphakeme kunaleyo ye-Francis turbine.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zekhanda lamanzi kanye nezimo zokuphuma, kunganciphisa kakhulu usayizi weyunithi ye-turbine generator, ukunciphisa isisindo seyunithi, nokulondoloza ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ngakho-ke iyonga.phezulu.
2. Ukuma okungaphezulu kanye nokuqina kwendawo ye-runner blade ye-axial flow turbine kungahlangabezana kalula nezidingo zokukhiqiza.Ngenxa yokuthi ama-blade we-axial-flow rotary-paddle turbine angazungeza, ukusebenza kahle okumaphakathi kungaphezulu kwalokho kwe-mix-flow turbine.Lapho umthwalo kanye nekhanda lamanzi lishintsha, ukusebenza kahle akushintshi kakhulu.
3. Ama-runner blades we-axial-flow paddle turbine angahlakazwa, okulungele ukukhiqiza nokuhamba.
Ngakho-ke, i-axial flow turbine ingagcina uzinzo ebangeni elikhudlwana lokusebenza, ngokudlidliza okuncane, nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokuphumayo.Ebangeni elinamakhanda aphansi, selicishe lathatha indawo ye-Francis turbine.Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, kokubili ngokomthamo weyunithi eyodwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwekhanda lamanzi, kube nentuthuko enkulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo nakho kubanzi kakhulu.
Ukungalungi kwe-axial flow turbine
Kodwa-ke, i-axial flow turbine nayo inokushiyeka futhi ikhawulela ububanzi bokusebenza kwayo.Amaphutha amakhulu yilezi:
1. Inani lama-blades lincane, futhi liyi-cantilever, ngakho-ke amandla aphansi, futhi angeke asetshenziswe eziteshini zamanzi aphakathi nendawo aphezulu.
2. Ngenxa yezinga lokugeleza kweyunithi elikhulu kanye nesivinini seyunithi ephezulu, inobude obuncane bokudonsa kune-Francis turbine ngaphansi kwesimo sekhanda esifanayo, okuholela ekumbiweni okukhulu okujulile kwesisekelo sesiteshi sikagesi kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuthe xaxa uma kuqhathaniswa.
Ngokweziphambeko ezibalulwe ngenhla zama-axial flow turbines, izinto ezintsha ezilwa namandla aphezulu zokulwa ne-cavitation zisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-turbine futhi amandla ama-blades athuthukisiwe ekwakhiweni, ukuze inhloko yesicelo se-axial flow turbines ithuthukiswe ngokuqhubekayo.Njengamanje, inhloko yohlelo lokusebenza ye-axial-flow paddle turbine ingama-3 kuya ku-90 m, futhi isingene endaweni ye-Francis turbine.Isibonelo, isilinganiso esiphezulu seyunithi eyodwa ephumayo yama-axial-flow paddle turbines angaphandle ngu-181,700 kW, umkhawulo wekhanda lamanzi ngu-88m, kanti ububanzi bomgijimi bungu-10.3m.Umthamo omkhulu ophumayo womshini owodwa we-axial-flow paddle turbine okhiqizwa ezweni lami ngu-175,000 kW, inhloko enkulu yamanzi ingu-78m, kanti ububanzi bomgijimi obuphezulu ngu-11.3m.I-axial-flow fixed-propeller turbine inama-blade angashintshi kanye nesakhiwo esilula, kodwa ayikwazi ukuzivumelanisa neziteshi zamandla kagesi ngezinguquko ezinkulu ekhanda lamanzi nomthwalo.Inekhanda lamanzi elizinzile futhi isebenza njengomthwalo oyisisekelo noma isiteshi samandla esikhulu esinamayunithi amaningi.Uma amandla esizini eningi, ukuqhathanisa kwezomnotho nakho kungenzeka.Kungacatshangwa.Ibanga layo lekhanda elisebenzayo liyi-3-50m.Amaturbine we-axial-flow paddle turbine ngokuvamile asebenzisa amadivaysi aqondile.Inqubo yayo yokusebenza iyafana nekaFrancis turbines.Umehluko wukuthi lapho umthwalo ushintsha, awugcini nje ukuqondisa ukujikeleza kwama-vanes omhlahlandlela., Ngenkathi futhi ulungisa ukujikeleza kwama-runner blades ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu.
Ngaphambilini, sethule futhi ama-turbines kaFrancis.Phakathi kwamajeneretha ophephela, kusenomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinjini zomoya zikaFrancis nezinjini zokugeleza kwe-axial.Isibonelo, ukwakheka kwabagijimi babo kuhlukile.Ama-blades ama-turbines kaFrancis acishe ahambisane ne-shaft eyinhloko, kuyilapho ama-axial flow turbines acishe aqondane ne-shaft eyinhloko.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-11-2021
