I-Pelton turbine (ebuye ihunyushwe ngokuthi: i-Pelton waterwheel noma i-Bourdain turbine, isiNgisi: isondo le-Pelton noma i-Pelton Turbine) iwuhlobo lwe-turbine enomthelela, eyasungulwa umsunguli waseMelika u-Lester W. Yakhiwe ngu-Alan Pelton.Ama-turbine e-Pelton asebenzisa amanzi ukuze ageleze futhi ashaye isondo lamanzi ukuze athole amandla, ahlukile kunesondo elivamile lokujova elikhuphukayo eliqhutshwa yisisindo samanzi ngokwawo.Ngaphambi kokuthi umklamo ka-Pelton ushicilelwe, izinguqulo eziningana ezahlukene ze-impingement turbine zazikhona, kodwa zazingasebenzi kahle kunomklamo kaPelton.Ngemva kokuba amanzi eshiya isondo lamanzi, ngokuvamile amanzi asenesivinini, echitha amandla amaningi e-kinetic esondo lamanzi.I-Pelton's paddle geometry iwukuthi i-impeller ishiya i-impeller ngesivinini esiphansi kakhulu ngemva kokugijima ngesigamu sejubane lendiza yamanzi;ngakho-ke, umklamo we-Pelton uthwebula amandla omthelela wamanzi cishe wonke, ukuze Iba ne-turbine yamanzi esebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ngemva kokuba ukugeleza kwamanzi anesivinini esiphezulu kungena epayipini, ikholomu yamanzi aqinile iqondiswe kuma-fan blades amise okwebhakede esondo elihambayo ngevalvu yenaliti ukushayela isondo elinyakazayo.Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi ama- impingement fan blades, azungeza umngcele wesondo lokushayela, futhi ngokuhlangene abizwa ngokuthi isondo lokushayela.(Bheka isithombe ukuze uthole imininingwane, Vintage Pelton Turbine).Njengoba i-jet yamanzi icindezela ama-fan blades, isiqondiso sokugeleza kwamanzi sizoshintsha ngenxa yokuma kwebhakede.Amandla omthelela wamanzi azosebenzisa isikhashana ibhakede lamanzi kanye nesistimu yamasondo ahambayo, futhi usebenzise lokhu ukuzungezisa isondo elihambayo;isiqondiso sokugeleza kwamanzi ngokwawo "akunakuguqulwa", futhi i-outlet yokugeleza kwamanzi ibekwe ngaphandle kwebhakede lamanzi, futhi izinga lokugeleza lokugeleza kwamanzi lizokwehla liye esivinini esiphansi kakhulu.Phakathi nale nqubo, umfutho wejethi owuketshezi uzodluliselwa esondweni elinyakazayo futhi ukusuka lapho ukuya enjinini yamanzi.Ngakho-ke "ukwethuka" kungasebenza ngempela ku-turbine.Ukuze kwandiswe amandla nokusebenza kahle komsebenzi we-turbine, isistimu ye-rotor ne-turbine yakhelwe ukuphinda kabili isivinini sejethi ewuketshezi ebhakedeni.Futhi ingxenye encane kakhulu yamandla e-kinetic yasekuqaleni yejethi ewuketshezi izohlala emanzini, okwenza ibhakede libe lingenalutho futhi ligcwale ngesivinini esifanayo (bheka ukongiwa kwenqwaba), ukuze uketshezi olufakwayo olunomfutho ophezulu luqhubeke nokujovwa. ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.Awekho amandla adinga ukumoshwa.Imvamisa, amabhakede amabili azofakwa eceleni ku-rotor, okuzovumela ukugeleza kwamanzi ukuthi kuhlukaniswe amapayipi amabili alinganayo okujetha (bheka isithombe).Lokhu kumiswa kulinganisa amandla omthwalo oseceleni ku-rotor futhi kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukushelela, kuyilapho amandla e-kinetic asuka kujethi oketshezi aphinde adluliselwe kurota ye-hydro turbine.
Njengoba amanzi kanye noketshezi oluningi lucishe lucindezeleke, cishe wonke amandla atholakalayo athathwa esigabeni sokuqala ngemva kokugeleza koketshezi ku-turbine.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinjini zomoya ze-Pelton, zinengxenye yesondo elilodwa kuphela elihambayo, ngokungafani nezinjini zegesi ezisebenza kuketshezi olucindezelayo.
Izinhlelo ezisebenzisekayo Amaturbine e-Pelton angolunye lwezinhlobo ezihamba phambili zamaturbines ophehla amandla kagesi ngamanzi futhi awuhlobo olufaneleka kakhulu lweturbine yendawo ezungezile lapho umthombo wamanzi otholakalayo unobude obuphakeme kakhulu bamakhanda kanye namazinga aphansi okugeleza.ngempumelelo.Ngakho-ke, endaweni ephakeme yekhanda kanye nokugeleza okuphansi, i-Pelton turbine iphumelela kakhulu, ngisho noma ihlukaniswe yaba yimifudlana emibili, isaqukethe amandla afanayo emcabangweni.Futhi, imigudu esetshenziselwa imijovo emibili yokujova kumele ibe sezingeni eliqhathanisekayo, enye yayo idinga ishubhu elincanyana elide kanye neshubhu elifushane elibanzi.Ama-turbine e-Pelton angafakwa kumasayithi abo bonke osayizi.Sezivele zikhona izitshalo zamandla kagesi ngamanzi ezinama-hydraulic vertical shaft Pelton turbines ekilasini lamathani.Iyunithi yayo enkulu yokufaka ingaba ngu-200 MW.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-turbines amancane e-Pelton angama-intshi ambalwa ububanzi futhi angasetshenziswa ukukhipha amandla emifudlaneni egeleza kuphela amalitha ambalwa ngomzuzu.Amanye amasistimu amapayipi asendlini asebenzisa amasondo amanzi ohlobo lwe-Pelton ukulethwa kwamanzi.Lawa ma turbine amancane e-Pelton ayanconywa ukuthi asetshenziswe ezindaweni eziphakeme zamafidi angama-30 (9.1 m) noma ngaphezulu ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla abalulekile.Njengamanje, ngokuya ngokugeleza nokuklama kwamanzi, ukuphakama kwekhanda kwendawo yokufaka i-Pelton turbine kungcono kakhulu ku-49 kuya ku-5,905 amafidi (14.9 kuya ku-1,799.8 amamitha), kodwa awukho umkhawulo wethiyori okwamanje.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-02-2022
