I-Waterwheel Design ye-Hydro Hydropower Project

I-Waterwheel Design ye-Hydro Energy
isithonjana samandla e-hydroI-Hydro energy iwubuchwepheshe obuguqula amandla e-kinetic okuhambisa amanzi abe amandla omshini noma kagesi, futhi enye yezinto zokuqala ezasetshenziswa ukuguqula amandla okuhambisa amanzi abe umsebenzi osebenzisekayo kwakuyi-Waterwheel Design.
Idizayini yesondo lamanzi iye yavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanti amanye amasondo amanzi aqondiswe mpo, amanye aqondile kanti amanye anama-pulley namagiya anamathiselwe, kodwa wonke aklanyelwe ukwenza umsebenzi ofanayo futhi lokho futhi, “guqula ukunyakaza kwamanzi anyakazayo kube yiwo. ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okungasetshenziswa ukushayela noma yiluphi ucezu lomshini oxhunywe kuwo ngomshini ozungezayo”.

I-Waterwheel Design ejwayelekile
I-Early Waterwheel Design yayiyimishini yakudala futhi elula ehlanganisa isondo lokhuni eliqondile elinamapulangwe noma amabhakede ahlanganiswe ngokulinganayo azungeze isiyingi sawo wonke asekelwe ku-shaft ovundlile ngamandla amanzi ageleza ngaphansi kwawo ephusha isondo ngendlela eqondile ngokumelene nama-blades. .
Lawa masondo amanzi amile ayephakeme kakhulu kunomklamo wangaphambili wamasondo wamanzi ovundlile wamaGreki namaGibhithe asendulo, ngoba ayekwazi ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ehumusha umfutho wamanzi anyakazayo abe namandla.Ama-pulleys kanye ne-gearing kwabe sekunamathiselwe ku-waterwheel okwavumela ushintsho ekuqondeni kwe-shaft ejikelezayo ukusuka endaweni evundlile ukuya mpo ukuze kusetshenziswe amatshe okugaya, ukhuni lwamasaha, ukuchoboza insimbi, ukunyathela nokusika njll.

Izinhlobo ze-Water Wheel Design
Iningi lamasondo lamanzi aziwa nangokuthi ama-Watermill noma amasondo nje Amanzi, angamasondo agibele phezulu azungeza cishe i-ekseli evundlile, futhi lezi zinhlobo zamasondo amanzi zihlukaniswa ngendlela amanzi asetshenziswa ngayo esondweni, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-asili yesondo.Njengoba ungalindela, amasondo amanzi ayimishini emikhulu ejikeleza ngesivinini esiphansi se-angular, futhi abe nokusebenza kahle okuphansi, ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ukungqubuzana nokugcwaliswa okungaphelele kwamabhakede, njll.
Isenzo samanzi asunduza ngokumelene namabhakede amasondo noma ama-paddles athuthukisa i-torque ku-asili kodwa ngokuqondisa amanzi kulawa ma-paddles namabhakede kusuka ezindaweni ezahlukene esondo isivinini sokuzungeza nokusebenza kwayo kungaba ngcono.Izinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zokuklama isondo lamanzi "isondo lamanzi elingaphansi" kanye "nesondo lamanzi elingaphezulu".

I-Undershot Water Wheel Design
I-Undershot Water Wheel Design, eyaziwa nangokuthi “isondo lomfudlana” kwakuwuhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu lwesondo lamanzi elaklanywa amaGreki asendulo namaRoma njengoba iwuhlobo lwesondo olulula, olushibhile futhi olulula ukulakha.
Kulolu hlobo lokuklama kwamasondo amanzi, isondo livele libekwe ngqo emfuleni ogelezayo futhi lisekelwe phezulu.Ukunyakaza kwamanzi angezansi kudala isenzo sokusunduza ngokumelene nezigwedlo ezingaphansi kwamanzi engxenyeni engezansi yesondo elivumela ukuthi lijikeleze libheke ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela ngokuphathelene nesiqondiso sokugeleza kwamanzi.
Lolu hlobo lomklamo wamasondo amanzi ngokuvamile lusetshenziswa ezindaweni eziyisicaba ezingenawo umthambeka wemvelo wezwe noma lapho ukugeleza kwamanzi kuhamba ngokushesha ngokwanele.Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imiklamo yesondo lamanzi, lolu hlobo lomklamo alusebenzi kahle, lusebenzisa kancane u-20% wamandla anamandla amanzi ukuzungezisa isondo.Futhi amandla wamanzi asetshenziswa kanye kuphela ukuzungezisa isondo, emva kwalokho ageleza ahambe nawo wonke amanye amanzi.
Okunye okubi kwesondo lamanzi angaphansi kwe-undershot ukuthi lidinga amanzi amaningi ahamba ngesivinini.Ngakho-ke, amasondo amanzi angaphansi kwe-undershot ngokuvamile ahlala osebeni lwemifula njengoba imifudlana emincane noma imifula ingenawo amandla anele okwanele emanzini ahambayo.
Enye indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwesondo elingaphansi kwamanzi ukuphambukisa iphesenti elithile emanzini emfuleni eduze komsele omncane noma ipayipi ukuze u-100% wamanzi aphambukisiwe usetshenziselwe ukuzungezisa isondo.Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu isondo elidubula kancane kufanele libe mncane futhi lilingane ngokunembe kakhulu ngaphakathi komsele ukuvimbela amanzi ukuthi angaphumi emaceleni noma ngokwandisa inombolo noma ubukhulu bama-paddles.

I-Overshot Waterwheel Design
I-Overshot Water Wheel Design iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomklamo wamasondo amanzi.Isondo lamanzi elidlula i-overshot liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekuklanyweni kwalo kunesondo langaphambili elingaphansi kwe-undershot njengoba lisebenzisa amabhakede noma izingxenye ezincane ukubamba nokubamba amanzi.
Lawa mabhakede agcwala amanzi ageleza phakathi phezulu esondweni.Isisindo samandla adonsela phansi amanzi emabhakedeni agcwele senza ukuthi isondo lizungeze i-axis yalo emaphakathi njengoba amabhakede angenalutho ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesondo eba lula.
Lolu hlobo lwesondo lamanzi lusebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi ukuze luthuthukise ukuphuma kanye namanzi ngokwawo, ngakho-ke amasondo amanzi adlula amasondo asebenza kahle kakhulu kunemiklamo engaphansi njengoba cishe wonke amanzi nesisindo sawo kusetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amandla aphumayo.Kodwa-ke njengakuqala, amandla wamanzi asetshenziswa kanye kuphela ukuzungezisa isondo, emva kwalokho ageleza ahambe nawo wonke amanye amanzi.
Amasondo e-Overshot waterwheels amisiwe ngaphezu komfula noma umfudlana futhi ngokuvamile akhiwa ezinhlangothini zamagquma ahlinzeka ngamanzi avela phezulu anekhanda eliphansi (ibanga eliqondile phakathi kwamanzi phezulu nomfula noma umfudlana ngezansi) phakathi kuka-5-kuya -20 m.Idamu elincane noma i-weir ingakhiwa futhi isetshenziswe kuwo womabili amashaneli futhi inyuse isivinini samanzi aze afike phezulu esondo okuwanika amandla amaningi kodwa umthamo wamanzi kunejubane lawo elisiza ukuzungezisa isondo.

Ngokuvamile, amasondo amanzi adlulayo akhiwa abemakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze anikeze ibanga elikhulu kakhulu lekhanda elingenzeka lesisindo samanzi adonsela phansi ukuze ajikeleze isondo.Kodwa-ke, amasondo amanzi amakhulu amakhulu ayinkimbinkimbi futhi ayabiza ukuwakha ngenxa yesisindo sesondo namanzi.
Lapho amabhakede ngamanye egcwele amanzi, isisindo samanzi adonsela phansi sibangela ukuthi isondo lijikeleze libheke ngalapho amanzi ageleza khona.Njengoba i-engeli yokuzungezisa isondela ngaphansi kwesondo, amanzi angaphakathi kwebhakede athululela emfuleni noma umfudlana ongezansi, kodwa isisindo samabhakede azungezayo ngemuva kwawo sibangela ukuthi isondo liqhubeke nesivinini salo sokuzungeza.Ibhakede elingenalutho liqhubeka lizungeze isondo elijikelezayo kuze kube yilapho libuyela phezulu futhi lilungele ukugcwaliswa ngamanzi amaningi futhi umjikelezo uyaphinda.Okunye okungalungile kwe-overshot waterwheel design ukuthi amanzi asetshenziswa kanye kuphela njengoba egeleza phezu kwesondo.

I-Pitchback Waterwheel Design
I-Pitchback Water Wheel Design iwukuhluka kwesondo lamanzi elidlule elidlule njengoba iphinde isebenzisa isisindo samanzi ukuze isize ukuzungezisa isondo, kodwa iphinde isebenzise ukugeleza kwamanzi angcolile ngaphansi kwawo ukuze inikeze amandla angeziwe.Lolu hlobo lwedizayini yesondo lamanzi lisebenzisa isistimu ye-low head infeed ehlinzeka ngamanzi eduze naphezulu kwesondo ukusuka ku-pentrough ngaphezulu.
Ngokungafani nesondo lamanzi elidlula isondo eliqondisa amanzi ngokuqondile phezu kwesondo elibangela ukuthi lijike libheke lapho amanzi ageleza khona, isondo lamanzi eliyi-pitchback liphakela amanzi liye phansi libheke phansi ngefaneli liye ebhakedeni elingezansi libangele ukuthi isondo liphendukele kwelinye. isiqondiso sokugeleza kwamanzi ngaphezulu.
Njengesondo langaphambili elidubulile, isisindo samanzi asemabhakedeni sibangela ukuthi isondo lijikeleze kodwa libheke ohlangothini oluphambene newashi.Njengoba i-engeli yokuzungeza isondela phansi kwesondo, amanzi avaleleke ngaphakathi kwamabhakede ayathulula ngezansi.Njengoba ibhakede elingenalutho lixhunywe esondweni, liyaqhubeka lizungeza isondo njengangaphambili kuze kube yilapho libuyela phezulu futhi lilungele ukugcwaliswa ngamanzi engeziwe futhi umjikelezo uyaphinda.
Umehluko kulokhu ukuthi amanzi angcolile akhishwe ebhakedeni elijikelezayo ageleza aye ohlangothini lwesondo elizungezayo (njengoba ingenayo enye indawo angaya kuyo), njengalapho uthishanhloko wesondo lamanzi elishotsholiwe.Ngakho-ke inzuzo enkulu ye-pitchback waterwheel ukuthi isebenzisa amandla amanzi kabili, kanye ukusuka phezulu kanye ukusuka ngaphansi ukuze ijikeleze isondo ekseni yalo ephakathi.
Umphumela uba ukuthi ukusebenza kahle komklamo wesondo lamanzi kwenyuke kakhulu kwaze kwaba ngaphezu kuka-80% wamandla amanzi njengoba eqhutshwa yikho kokubili isisindo samanzi angenayo kanye namandla noma ukucindezela kwamanzi aqondiswe emabhakedeni avela phezulu, njengoba kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi angcolile ngezansi esunduza amabhakede.Ububi nokho besondo lamanzi le-pitchback ukuthi lidinga ukuhlelwa kokuphakelwa kwamanzi okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhudlwana ngokuqondile ngaphezu kwesondo elinama-chute nama-pentrough.

I-Breastshot Waterwheel Design
I-Breastshot Water Wheel Design ingenye idizayini yesondo lamanzi ebekwe mpo lapho amanzi engena khona emabhakedeni cishe uhhafu wendlela ukuya phezulu ngobude be-ekseli, noma ngaphezulu nje kwawo, abese egeleza aphume ezansi aqonde lapho amasondo ephenduka.Ngokuvamile, isondo lamanzi le-breastshot lisetshenziswa ezimeni lapho ikhanda lamanzi linganele ukunika amandla idizayini yesondo le-overshot noma i-pitchback esuka phezulu.
Okubi lapha ukuthi isisindo samanzi adonsela phansi sisetshenziswa kuphela cishe ingxenye yesine yokuzungezisa ngokungafani nangaphambili okwakuyisigamu sokuzungezisa.Ukuze unqobe lokhu kuphakama kwekhanda eliphansi, amabhakede amasondo amanzi enziwa abe banzi ukuze kukhishwe inani elidingekayo lamandla angaba khona emanzini.
Amasondo e-breastshot waterwheels asebenzisa cishe isisindo esifanayo samandla adonsela phansi amanzi ukuze azungezise isondo kodwa njengoba ukuphakama kwekhanda lamanzi kucishe kube uhhafu wesondo elivamile le-overshot, amabhakede abanzi kakhulu kunemiklamo yangaphambilini yamanzi ukuze kwenyuswe umthamo wamanzi. abanjwe emabhakedeni.Ububi balolu hlobo lokuklama ukwanda kobubanzi nesisindo samanzi athwalwa ibhakede ngalinye.Njengokwakheka kwe-pitchback, isondo le-breastshot lisebenzisa amandla amanzi kabili njengoba isondo lamanzi liklanyelwe ukuhlala emanzini livumela amanzi angcolile ukuthi asize ekujikelezeni kwesondo njengoba egeleza ehla ngomfudlana.

Khiqiza Ugesi Ngokusebenzisa Isondo Lamanzi
Ngokomlando amasondo amanzi ayesetshenziselwa ukugaya ufulawa, okusanhlamvu kanye neminye imisebenzi enjalo yemishini.Kodwa amasondo amanzi angasetshenziswa futhi ekukhiqizeni ugesi, okubizwa ngokuthi iHydro Power system.Ngokuxhuma ijeneretha kagesi ku-shaft ejikelezayo yamasondo amanzi, ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile usebenzisa amabhande okushayela kanye nama-pulleys, amasondo amanzi angasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amandla ngokuqhubekayo amahora angu-24 ngosuku ngokungafani namandla elanga.Uma isondo lamanzi liklanywe ngendlela efanele, isistimu kagesi encane noma “encane” ingakhiqiza ugesi owanele ukuze inike amandla ukukhanyisa kanye/noma izinto ezisebenza ngogesi ekhaya elimaphakathi.
Bheka ama-Generator amasondo Amanzi aklanyelwe ukukhiqiza okukhiphayo kwawo okuhle ngesivinini esiphansi.Kumaphrojekthi amancane, injini encane ye-DC ingasetshenziswa njengejeneretha enejubane eliphansi noma i-alternator yezimoto kodwa lezi zenzelwe ukusebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu kakhulu ngakho-ke kungase kudingeke uhlobo oluthile lokugiya.Ijeneretha ye-turbine yomoya yenza ijeneretha efanelekile yamasondo amanzi njengoba yakhelwe isivinini esiphansi, ukusebenza okukhiphayo okuphezulu.
Uma kunomfula ogeleza ngokushesha noma umfudlana oseduze nekhaya lakho noma engadini ongawusebenzisa, khona-ke uhlelo oluncane lwamandla kagesi lungaba enye indlela engcono kunezinye izinhlobo zemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengokuthi “Amandla Omoya” noma “Amandla Elanga ” njengoba inomthelela obonakalayo omncane kakhulu.Futhi njengamandla omoya namandla elanga, enesistimu yokuphehla amanzi exhunywe kwigridi encane exhunywe kugridi yensiza yendawo, noma yimuphi ugesi owukhiqizayo kodwa ongawusebenzisi ungathengiswa ubuyiselwe enkampanini kagesi.
Esifundweni esilandelayo esimayelana ne-Hydro Energy, sizobheka izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaturbine atholakalayo esingawanamathisela ekwakhiweni kwethu kwamasondo amanzi okuphehla ugesi ngamanzi.Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana ne-Waterwheel Design nokuthi ungawakha kanjani ugesi wakho usebenzisa amandla amanzi, noma uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa lwamandla e-hydro mayelana nemiklamo ehlukahlukene yamasondo amanzi atholakalayo, noma ukuze uhlole izinzuzo nezinkinga zamandla kagesi, bese Chofoza Lapha ukuze u-ode ikhophi yakho. kusukela e-Amazon namuhla mayelana nezimiso nokwakhiwa kwamasondo amanzi angasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ugesi.